Iqela lama-neoplasms ezihlambalayo ezivela kwiimfucu ze-esophagus kwaye zikhula ngokukhawuleza ngaphakathi kwe-lumen yeqela iminyaka emininzi zibhekwa njengomhlaza. Iimvumi eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-carcinoma kunye ne-adenocarcinoma, i-squamous neoplasms ezingaphantsi.
Ingozi yesi sifo ixhomekeke ekubeni kunzima ukuxilonga umhlaza wesifo ngexesha-okokuqala iimpawu zentsholongwane zivele zifike ekupheleni (ezi-3 kunye ne-4) izigaba zokukhula kwechumayo.
Impawu zokuqala zesifo somhlaza wesisu
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuchazwa kwesifo akubonakali nhlobo. Oku kungenxa yokuphuculwa kancinci kwe-neoplasm.
Kwinqanaba loku-1, i-tumor ichaphazela kuphela iimbumba ezinamaqabunga kunye nesiseko se-submucosal ye-esophagus. Iimisipha azichaphazeleka okwamanje. Ukukhula kunomlinganiselo omncinci, ngokulandelanayo, i-lumen kwisigxina ayifani. Ukongezelela, i-neoplasm ayifuni ukuhlaziywa kwizitho ezingamelwane. Ngoko ke, iimpawu zesifo somhlaza wesifo sokuqhawula umkhuhlane kwisigaba sokuqala asikho.
Isigaba esilandelayo (2) sokuphuhliswa kwesisu sikhankanywe ngokuqala kwesilonda se-mucosa kunye ne-submucosa kodwa kunye nezicubu ze-muscular. I-neoplasm ngokwayo ayihambanga ngaphaya kwemiqathango yelungu, nangona inokunika i-metastase enye kwi-lymph nodes ezikufuphi ukukhula. I-tumor kwizigaba ezi-2 zanda ngobukhulu kwaye zenza ukuba kuncitshiswe kancinci.
Kwimizuzu engama-1-2, izigulane, njengomthetho, abazi ngebukho bomhlaza kwisifo. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kunokwenzeka ukukrokra isifo sesimo se-oncological ngenxa yezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:
- i-malaise;
- ubuthathaka, ngokukodwa ekuseni;
- ukunyuka komzimba;
- ukungonakaliswa kokusebenza kakuhle, ukuxininiswa kwengqalelo;
- ngamanye amaxesha - ukuziva ungathandeki kuloo ndawo emva kwesifuba emva kokutya;
- ukucaphuka .
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iimpawu ezinjalo zekliniki ziphawu lwesigalo esikhulu sezifo. Ngoko ke, ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kweengxaki ezichazwe kunzima kakhulu.
Iimpawu ezicacileyo zesifo somhlaza esasisigxina
Isifo sesifo se-pathology esicatshulwayo sichazwe ngokucacileyo kwisigaba se-3-4 sokukhula kwesisu, xa ubukhulu bayo bukhokelela ekugqithweni komthamo omkhulu we-esophagus, kwaye i-metastases ezininzi zingene kwizitho ezingamelwane.
Uphawu olulodwa kuphela lwesifo kwisigaba se-1-2 lunokuqwalaselwa nje nge-dysphagia kuphela. Kuboniswa kwimeko yokuba isigulane sinokufumana ubunzima ekugwityeni ukutya okunomileyo nokumeleyo, ngakumbi izitya ezivela kwiitatati, inyama, isonka kunye nelayisi. Ngokuqhelekileyo eli lizwe alinakunconywa, nje ngokuhlamba amanzi kunye nokutya okuphazamisekileyo.
Kunqabile kakhulu, le miqondiso kunye neempawu zesifo somhlaza we-esophageal zihamba kunye nesifo sesifo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, intlungu ihlala kwindawo yangasemva kwe-sternum, kwingingqi yentliziyo. Ichazwa zizigulane ngokungenakucala okanye ukudonsa. Lo mboniso weklinikhi, njengomthetho, uyagcinwa emva kokubonakala kobunzima kwinkqubo yokugwinya, kodwa ukubonakala kokuqala kwesifo sesifo ngaphambi kokuba i- dysphagia ingabikho.
Ukwenza ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, kusekelwe kuphela kwiimpawu zesifo somhlaza wesisu, kungenakwenzeka. Ezinye izifo ezininzi zenzeka ngendlela efanayo. Ubunzima bobunzima obuphakama ukuba i-tumor iyakhula ngenxa ye-patistic predisposing - i-diverticula ne-esophageal stenosis, i-reflux ye-gastroesophageal, i-leukoplakia, i-esophagitis engapheliyo, i-polyps kunye ne-tumor organ organ.
Ukuhlukana kweempawu zokuqala zesifo somhlaza wesifo esivela kwezinye izifo kufezekiswa ngokucokisekileyo kokuhlolwa kweeseti kunye nokuhlola.