Ukukhutshwa (eli gama livela kwisiLatini igama elithi abstractio, elithetha ukuthintela) ligqiba imbono yolu meko, umntu okanye into evela kwindawo efunyenweyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kukho ukuphazamiseka kwizinto ezithile kunye nokukwazi ukuhlola imeko ngokubanzi. Ingcamango yokukhutshwa kwendima yaba nendima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwezesayensi ezininzi.
Ukukhutshwa ngumzekelo
Nakuphi na ukukhutshwa kufuna izinto ezimbini: iyokuqala yenkcazelo encinci kunye neyincinci, okwesibini kukugxininisa kwimeko ngokubanzi kunye nokubaluleka, iinkcukacha ezinentsingiselo.
Umzekelo, ukwenzela ukuba ufunde ishini, qala ukulahla ukuhamba kwendlela yokuhamba kuzo zonke iindidi zayo, ngoko-ukunyanzelisa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ifomu ecocekileyo neyona elula ihlala ingqwalasela, ibonisa okoqobo. Ngaloo ndlela, ukukhutshwa kwindlela yokugxila kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo.
Nangona kubonakala ukuba oku kubonakala kukuqala, kukhange kube lula ukuhlukanisa kunye nokufundisisa iingcamango ezibalulekileyo - isantya, ixesha, umgama, njl. Ngenxa yoko, ukukhutshwa kwindlela yokuqonda.
Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ulahle ixabiso elincinane, elisekondari, kwaye ugxininise kubaluleke kakhulu. Ayikho imfihlelo yokuba ebomini bomntu kukho iimeko apho kubalulekile ukucacisa ulwalathiso oluphambili kwaye ungabi nkunkuma yamandla ngaphandle, uphefise kwizinto ezintle. Ukuchonga ngale shishini eliphambili kwaye uncedise ukukhutshwa. Ukuchithwa kunye neenkcukacha
Nganye ngcamango ineyona eyahlukileyo. Ukuthintela kunye nokuqinisekisana kufana nokujonga kufuphi kwaye kude. Ukusondeleka, uya kuqwalasela yonke into kwiinkcukacha (ukwenziwa komsebenzi), kodwa ukuma kude, uya kukwazi ukuvavanya ingcamango yonke, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka yimifanekiso (ngaphandle). Ngaloo ndlela, ezi zimbini zichasene.
Kulula ukubonisa umzekelo. Ukuba uthe "Ndiza kunciphisa ubunzima". Kwaye ukuba uthe "Ndiya kunika i-sweet and I will do morning runs" - oku kuyinyani.
Indlela yokuchithwa kunye nenjongo yayo
Ukuthintela kwengqondo kunye nezinye iinzululwazi kusenza sikwazi ukufezekisa iinjongo ezininzi ezikunceda ukuqonda kangcono intsingiselo yento, into okanye umntu. Le ndlela yokuhlalutya ikuvumela ukuba ulahle inani leemeko ezithile kwaye ujonge lonke, ukwenzela ukuba ezi zilandelayo zifezekiswe:
- Yakha isampula. Xa sikhetha ipropati ethile okanye umgangatho wento kwaye uyayichaza njengesitshixo, inokunyonyiswa kwaye ngoko ufumane indawo ecocekileyo. Kucacile ukuba ngokwenene oku akunakwenzeka, kodwa ukulingana okucocekileyo kunokuba yinto yokuqala yembono kunye nokucinga ngcamango.
- Uchonga. Nguwo umgaqo wokukhupha okuququzelela ukukhangela iziganeko eziqhelekileyo kwiimpawu kunye neziganeko. Kule meko, ingqalelo ijoliswe kwizinto eziqhelekileyo, kwaye iinkcukacha ezichaseneyo ziyekiweyo.
- Ukucaca kunye neenkcukacha ezithile. Ukufeza le njongo, qaphela
igxininisa kwingcamango ethile, evumela ukuba, umzekelo, ukuba ubone imida ekuthethwa kwegama. Ukuthintela kunceda ukuhlula imiqondo phakathi kwabo. - Ukwazisa jikelele kunye neenkqubo. Kulula ukuqagela ukuba ukuveliswa kunye nokukhutshwa ngokubanzi kunxulumene kakhulu. Ukufezekisa le njongo, ingqalelo ijoliswe kwizinto ezibalulekileyo ezibangela ukuba kubekho ukwahlula iingcamango kumaqela afanelekileyo. Iqela ngalinye lizimeleyo kwaye liquka iingcamango eziqhelekileyo, kodwa zihluke kwamanye amaqela aneminye imixholo ebalulekileyo.
Ungasebenzisa ukukhutshwa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Ukususwa kwiinkcukacha ezingabalulekanga, kulula kakhulu ukuba ugxininise ngokubhekiselele kwintsimi yenzalo.