Ukubonakala komntu omtsha kwihlabathi kuyinkqubo enzima, inoxanduva kwaye ingenakuqikelela. Ngelishwa, kungekho rhoqo ukubeletha kuqhubeka ngokuqhelekileyo, kwenzeka ukuba umntwana ngenxa yesiphumo sokufumana iziphoso zokuzalwa. Ukuphazamiseka kwintsholongwane ebuchosheni kwiintsana ziza kuba nzima kakhulu ukuzalwa koluhlungu kwinkqubo yesantya. Ingakwazi ukuvela ikakhulu ngenxa yokulimala kwintwaza yintsana, ngenxa yoko imithwalo yegazi ebuchosheni ichithwe.
Okufunekayo oku:
- ukungafani phakathi kobunzima bomntwana nentloko yokuzalwa;
- ukukhulelwa kwangaphambi okanye ngaphambi kokukhulelwa;
- ukuhanjiswa okukhawulezayo okanye okukhawulezayo;
- ukukhulelwa okukhulu (ukusuleleka kwe-intrauterine, hypoxia);
- ukungenelela ngokungalunganga /
Iintlobo ze-cerebral hemorrhages kumntwana
Ngokuxhomekeka apho imivenge yegazi ichithwa khona, i-cerebral hemorrhage kumntwana ihlukaniswe:
1. I- Epidural - phakathi kwamathambo okulala kunye ne-cranial bones . Zenzeke umonakalo emathanjeni enqabileyo.
Inkambo ye-epidural hemorrhages ihluke ngokufumaneka kwexesha eliphumlileyo (iiyure ezingama-3 ukuya kweye-6), emva koko kukho isifo soxinzelelo lweengqondo (iiyure ezingama-6 ukuya ku-12), umntwana uya kuba mbi kakhulu kwaye awela kwi-coma emva kweentsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu.
Iimpawu zeempembelelo zesifo se-epidural:
- Umfundi uhlanjululwe kwicala elonakalisiweyo;
- ukuxhatshazwa;
- zixhala;
- Iqondo lentliziyo elincinci;
- ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
2. Iimpawu ezingezantsi-phakathi kwezinto ezilukhuni kunye nezilwanyana ezintle . Zenzeke ngokukhawuleza emsebenzini okanye ixesha elide kunye nomntwana omkhulu kakhulu, ngenxa yomonakalo kwikhanda kunye nokufuduka kwamacwecwe ayo. Imiphumo ixhomekeke kwindlela abaye bafumanisa ngayo ngokukhawuleza kwaye baqala unyango.
3. I- Subarachnoid - kwindawo ephakathi kwezinto eziye zengqondo kunye ne-membrane ye-arachnoid . Zenzeke ngexesha lomsebenzi osisigxina, xa kwenziwa uncedo lokungenelela. Ngokuqhelekileyo zivela kwiintsana ezingekafiki. Ngale hlobo lokubola, kukho ukutshaya kweembilini zeengqondo, ezibangelwa yimveliso yokuchithwa kwegazi egcinwe kuyo.
Kubonakala ngokukhawuleza emva kokubeleka, okanye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Iimpawu zeempawu zokurhoxiswa komzimba kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa:
- ukuphazamiseka ngokubanzi;
- ixesha elide lilele ngamehlo avulekile;
- ukukhala;
- ukuphawula okanye ukuxhalabisa;
- zixhala;
- ukunyakaza okukhawulezayo ekuphenduleni ukucatshukiswa okuncinci;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- i-strabismus;
- ukwanda kwinqanaba lekhanda ngenxa yokungafani kwamathambo e-cranial;
- ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha ye-occiput.
Imiphumo enolu hlobo lweemfumba-mboleko ayiqhelekanga.
4. Ukuhlawuleka kwizinto ezisemzimbeni wengqondo kunye neepricricles . Kukho isithintelo sezinto zonke kwiintsana ezisezindala ngenxa yokuba izitya kwiibhokhwe zazo azange zenzeke ngokwaneleyo kwaye zincinci.
Kwiintsana ezininzi, iintlobo ezininzi zeempawu zengxubevange zingadityaniswa, kodwa phakathi kweempawu ezininzi zihlala zilawula iimpawu zenye yeentlobo, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomonakalo wengqondo.
Unyango lwe-cerebral hemorrhages kwintsana
Kumntwana, oye waba nemfucuza kwintsholongwane, kubalulekile ukudala irejista eninzi kakhulu yokumkhusela - ukumkhusela kwizandi ezivakalayo kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo, ukuzama ukumphazamisa ngokungangoko kunokwenzeka xa utshintsha iingubo, ukubeka iliso lokushisa komzimba - ungagqithisi kwaye ungadli. Yondla umntwana wakho ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokusebenzisa iprobhethi, kuba ukusela kuyomsebenzi omkhulu kuye.
Imiphumo yesifo se-cerebral inborns can be different, konke kuxhomekeka kohlobo lwayo, ubunzima, ubukho bezifo ezidibeneyo. Iyakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kokulandelelana, ngoko ukuzisa iziphumo ezinzima ngendlela ye-hydrocephalus okanye ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral palsy.