Ukuphambuka - yintoni kwi-psychology nakwizentlalo?

Kuwuphi na uluntu ukususela kumandulo ukuya kwanamhlanje, nakweliphi na iqela elivela kwisizwe ukuya kubambiswano olusebenzayo kukho imithetho echanekileyo kunye nemigangatho yokuziphatha. Njengomgaqo, ezi ziyiemeko zembali, ezivumela ukuba ziphephe ukuphucuka okungalunganga kwamalungu eqela. Ukuba iminye imithetho iphulwa, ke ukuphambuka kwenzeka.

Yintoni ukuphambuka?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, eli libizo lokungaphambuki kumgangatho oqhelekileyo, kodwa kufuneka kuphawulwe ukuba igama elithi "ukuphambuka" ngokusemgangathweni ingcamango ehlukileyo kwimfundo yoluntu, ngokungafani nalabo abamukelwe kwezinye iicandelo. Ngenxa yoko, ingaba yinto eqhelekileyo, ibonisa ukuba luncedo, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuyiqonda ngokunzulu ngokunokwenzeka kwintetho yekota ...

Yintoni ukuphambuka kwengqondo?

Omnye unokuphendula ngokungabonakali ukuba ukuphambuka kwintlalo yengqondo, kunye nentlalo-ntsapho, ukuphambuka kwimiqathango, kodwa kubonakala ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakubi kwi-psyche kunye neendawo ezibi, ezibuhlungu.

Izizathu zokuphambuka

Iimbono ezifanayo malunga noko kubangela ukuphambuka kwimimiselo engekafumaneki. Ezinye izikolo zigxininisa imfundo kwintsapho engasebenzi. Kwezinye iinguqulelo, izizathu zokuphambuka zikho kwiingxaki ze-psyche; ukuphambuka kwiphuhliso lwezinto eziphilayo okanye kwisakhiwo seDNA. Ngolunye lwalezi ziguqulelo zinokubaluleka kunye nokuphazamiseka. Ukuba sithetha ngokuthambekela kwezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho, zifana nabantu abakhulile entsapho epheleleyo, kunye neentsapho zabazali abangabodwa kunye neenkedama.

Iimpawu zokuphambuka

Ekubeni ingcamango yokuphambuka yinto eyahlukileyo kwizesayensi ezahlukeneyo, iimpawu zayo ziya kwahluka:

1. Kwizentlalo, ukuziphatha okungahambiyo kuthathwa njengezenzo ezingabonakali ngokuziphatha kweyona nxalenye yoluntu.
2. I-psychology yezenhlalakahle ithatha nayiphi na ukuphambuka kwimiqathango yokuziphatha komntu ukuba ilahleke.
3. Ukuphambuka ekufundiseni nasekufundeni kwengqondo kukuziphatha okuzithembayo okuthintela uphuhliso nokuzimelela .

Iintlobo eziphambili zokuphambuka

Iintlobo zeendlela zokuziphatha eziphambukileyo ziyahlula zibe ngamaqela amabini aphezulu:

• ukuphulwa kwentlalo, imigangatho yomthetho, imigangatho yokuziphatha komphakathi, ukuphambuka kweenkcubeko;
• ukuphambuka kwengqondo , ngokucacileyo okanye kufihliweyo.

La maqela afaka iindidi ezilandelayo zokuphambuka.

1. Ubume . Ukungayithobeli iziseko zentlalo.
2. Utywala . Ukuphambuka, okukhokelela kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho.
3. Ukuzilimaza . Ukubangela ukulimala kwimpilo yengqondo okanye yengqondo, kuquka nokuzibulala.
4. Psychopathological . Ukubonakaliswa kwayo nayiphi na ingxaki yengqondo, izifo.
5. Ukungahambi kakuhle . Ukuphambuka kuyo yonke imigangatho yempilo yengqondo.
6. Paracaracterological . Utshintsho olubi kumntu obangelwa kwimfundo engafanelekanga.

Ukuphambuka kwezentlalo

Ngokwenene, ukunyuka kwezenzo kuluntu kunqunywe zizathu. Okokuthi, imimiselo yokuziphatha komntu kufuneka iphulwe ngokucacileyo. Ukuphambuka kwezentlalo kuphela yinto enokuthi ilungile kwaye ayibi.

Ziziphi iimpazamo kunye nomqondiso osisigxina:

• bugorha;
• ukuvulwa kwendlela entsha yokuphuhlisa uluntu;
• ukwenza indawo okanye ezinye izinto ezifunyenweyo.

Ukusuka kweli ngcamango, iziphambuko zi:

1. Abahambi abakhulu (H. Columbus, N. Miklouho-Maclay, R. Amundsen nabanye)
2. Izazinzulu (Giordano Bruno, Maria Curie, S. Korolev, A. Einstein kunye nabanye)
3. Iinkokheli zokomoya. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kunokwenzakala njani oku kunokwenzeka, kodwa ngokubhekiselele kwinkolo yokuqala yasekuhlaleni, ukuphuhliswa kobuKristu, ubuBuddha, i-Islam, njl.
4. Abadlali abafumene uhlobo olutsha kunye neendlela ezamkelekileyo zokubonakalisa ubugcisa. Ngokomzekelo, u-Edgar Allan Poe, wayeqwalasela umdali wefomu yesimanje somcuphi, umxhwele kwaye, ngeendlela ezininzi, inzululwazi yeengcali.
5. Heroes. U-Alexander Matrosov, uZoya Kosmodemyanskaya, uMaria Barsukova, uSergei Bagaev, nabanye abaninzi.
6. Abahlaseli bokulingana.

Ukuphambuka ngesibonakaliso esincinci:

• ukuziphatha okubi;
• ezixhomekeke kuzo;
• abantwana abangenamakhaya, basuka ekhaya;
• ubuhenyu;
• lusizi.

Qhubeka uludwe lweentlupheko zentlalo lunokuphela, kuba zixhomekeka kakhulu kwisakhiwo salo mbandela. Ngokomzekelo, i-bigamy igwetywe kuluntu lobuKristu kwaye iyinto evamile yamaSilamsi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuphambuka koluntu kuhluke kwabanye, oko kungatshintsha, ukulungelelanisa neemfuno zobuninzi babantu.

Ukuphambuka kwezesondo

Igama lesibini lezinto zesondo, ezahlukileyo kumgangatho oqhelekileyo owamkelekileyo yi-paraphilia. Chaza imbangela yokuphambukiswa ngokwesini kwaye unike inkcazo ecacileyo apho i-norm normally and where the deviation begins in the sex, abaninzi bazama. Kwi-DSM-5, uRay Blanchar ucacise le nkcazelo: "I-Paraphilia yintlobo (ye-atypical) enomdla kwaye inomdla ngokuqhubekayo ngokwesondo, ngaphandle kwezinto zesondo ngovuselelo lwezesondo kunye neengqungquthela zokulungelelanisa ne-phenotypically evolon Uluhlu lwe "normophilia" (eli gama lithetha "inqabileyo" inzala yesondo kwaye isetyenziselwa ukungafani ne-paraphilia) ngokweBlancharu ibonakala kanje:

• caresses yomlomo;
• Ukungena kwangasese / kwesisu;
• ukuphinga;
• I Kisses.

Imizekelo ye-paraphilia:

• umdla wesondo ngo-urine, coprophilia;
• ukhetho lwabantu abanokukhubazeka okwenyama;
• umdla wesondo kwizinto zeBDSM.

Ngokukhawuleza le nkcazo yaxhaswa kakhulu. Ngokuyisiseko ukungahambi kakuhle kwamanye amacandelo ayo. Ngoko uCharles Moser wafumanisa ukuba ayilunganga ukwenza inkcazo ngento engayiyo. Ukongezelela, wachaza ukuba umxholo we "phenotypically subject subject" awucacisekanga (umzekelo, akucaci ukuba into enjalo ibhinqa eliye lahlinzwa ngoplastiki).

I-sexologist ibona ingalunganga kunye nokubonakaliswa kwesondo ngoxwebhu. Ngoko ngokweenkcazo ze-DSM-5, umnqweno wesifazane ukuthobela indoda elele embhedeni, kwaye okuchasene nokuphambuka. Kwakunjalo nangomnqweno wokusebenzisa iingaphantsi kweengubo zangaphantsi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uCharles Moser unombono wokuthi umda othile phakathi kwe-normophilia kunye ne-paraphilia kuphela ngenxa yeenkcubeko nezithethe zenkcubeko kunye nendawo yokujonga ingcali.

Kufuneka ke ke ukwahlukana nge-paraphilia kwi-paraphilic disorder. Ukuba owokuqala unomdla kwiifom ezingaqhelekanga kunye nezindlela zobudlelwane obusondeleyo, ngoko ke yesibini isifo, kwaye sibonakala ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko. Ngokwenza oko, kubonakala ngathi: ukuba uBDSM onomtsalane angenza ngaphandle kwakhe, ngoko yi-paraphilia. Ukuba ukwaneliseka kunokwenzeka kuphela kwisakhelo seseshoni yeBDSM, le ngxaki ye-paraphilic.

Ukuguquka kwezesini

Olu hlobo lokuphambuka kwimigangatho eyamkelwa ngokubanzi kubangela ukuphendula okungenangqondo kuluntu. Ukususela kumzuzwana umntwana ezalwa, iimpawu ezithile kunye ne-worldview ziyakhuthazwa, zenzelwe ekugqibeleni ukudibanisa indlela yakhe yokuziphatha ngokwesini nokuziphatha. Ngoko ke amantombazana ukususela ekuthandweni kobuncinci bokubambisa abantwana, ukugqoka kunye nokwenza. Amakhwenkwe - kwiimpahla eziqinileyo, ezemidlalo okanye ze-paramilitary.

Kwixesha elizayo, ukuhlukeka kokubonakala kubomelezwa ngumbahluko wokuziphatha kunye nezinto eziphambili. Kwimeko apho ibhinqa lenza izenzo ezingahambelani ngokungathandabuzekiyo kumzekelo wendoda yesini okanye ngokuphambene naso, oku kukuphambuka kwesini. Ifomu layo eligqithisileyo kukuvela komntu njengomntu oguqulwayo okanye otshintshana ngesondo ngesindlela sokutyanda. Abaninzi bathambekele ekucingeni ukuba ezi zinto zingokuphambukiswa kwamhlanje, uphawu kuphela ngexesha lethu.

Ukunxaxha kokuxhumana

Ukuphazamiseka koqhagamshelwano, oko kukuthi, ukuphulwa koqhagamshelwano, kukuba:

1. Autism . Iiprayimari - i-congenital - ibonakaliswe ebuntwaneni buntwaneni kwaye ihlala ixesha lobomi. I-Secondary-acquired - ingavela emva kokuba ixinzelelekileyo okanye ngenxa yeziganeko zokukhuliswa. Ezi ntlobo zokuphambuka zibonakaliswa ngumnqweno wokuzimela wedwa, ukungakwazi ukugcina ubudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye nokuqhagamshelana nabantu abangaziwayo.
2. Ukuzinza . Umchasi we-autism. Umntu onobungozi obuthathaka ufuna ukunxibelelana nabaninzi abanxibelelwano kunye nabaninzi abanxibelelwano njengokuba kunokwenzeka nje ngexeshana kangangoko kunokwenzeka, u-pathologically akwazi ukunyamezela ukuba yedwa.
3. Phobias (ukwesaba) . Kukholelwa ukuba wonke umntu unomntu oyedwa. Abanye babo bacinezela ngokubanzi ukuthetha. Ngokomzekelo u-ereytofobiya (ukwesaba ukuphazamiseka esidlangalaleni) okanye ukutshutshisa (ukwesaba ukunyaniseka).

Ukuphambuka - ihlelo

Enye yeengxaki ezaziwayo yoluntu wanamhlanje yihlelo. Abantu baphoqeleke ukuba bahambe apho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezingqondweni. Umzekelo, i-autism, ukuziphatha okungafaniyo, njl njl Ukusuka kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo ngamahlelo njengolu hlobo lulandelayo.

1. Unqulo phambi kwenkokeli yokomoya (indoda).
2. Isakhiwo esinobuchule obuphezulu. Nangona ubukho balo abuyazi ngamalungu aqhelekileyo oluntu
3. Umnqweno wokulawula ngokupheleleyo ubomi bamalungu ehlelo.

Ukuphuka kokutya

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezaziwa kakhulu zezidlo zokutya: i-anorexia kunye ne-bulimia. Kukholelwa ukuba oku kukuphambuka kwezinto ezikhoyo namhlanje, kodwa imeko yokuqala ye-anorexia yabhalwa kwangaphambili ngekhulu le-17.

1. Anorexia . Umnqweno wokuthintela ukwanda kwisisindo somzimba nangayiphi na indlela, ukuya kwinqanaba lokutya.
2. Bulimia . Ifana ne-anorexia, kodwa iquka ukutywala okungalawulwayo kokutya ngokutya.

Ukuphambuka - utywala

Ukuxhomekeke kwi-pathological alcohol, ekhokelela ekupheleni kokutshatyalaliswa. Utywala, njengomthetho, ukukhanyela ukuba kukho ingxaki kwaye bayaqiniseka ukuba banokujamelana nalo naluphi na ixesha. Ezinye iimpazamo zobuntu okanye iimpawu zomzimba zomntu zikhokelela ekubunjweni kokuxhomekeka kotywala .

Iziphumo zokuphambuka

Naluphi na ukuphambuka ukuphambuka kwimiqathango. Kodwa ukuba kuthe kwavela ukuba kulungile, kukuchaphazela uluntu, ukuphulwa kuya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo, kwaye ulahlekile ngumcebisi. Ukungaphambuki kwezinto eziphambili kubakhokelela ekujezisweni okanye ekugwetyweni komntu. Kwezinye iimeko, unyango olunyanzelekileyo lunokwenzeka.