Ukukhulelwa ... Ixesha elihle xa ungasindisa kwaye udibanise, kodwa ugqirha wakho akwenza uvuke kusasa uze ufumane iimvavanyo? Musa ukuthukuthela ngogqirha wezilwanyana, kuba uyazi ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo zabafazi abakhulelweyo abazinikelayo, ukuze bakwazi ukubeka iliso impilo yexesha elizayo nomama.
Kubo bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo, iimvavanyo zahlula zibe yimfuneko kwaye zizithandela. Iimvavanyo ezivakalayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa zi: iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zegazi, uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lomchamo kunye ne-swab ukusuka kumfazi.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubafazi abakhulelweyo
Igazi linikezelwa ukuhlalutya ngokubanzi, kwi-biochemical, kwi-glucose, kwizifo ezahlukeneyo (i-hepatitis, i-syphilis AIDS), iqela kunye ne-Rh factor.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele kuya kunceda:
- Ukufumana iinkqubo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni, nokuba akukho zibonakaliso zeklinikhi. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kukuvumela ukuyeka isifo ngaphambi kokuchaphazela umntwana;
- ukutyhila isifo segazi (i-anemia). I-anemia ivame ukuhamba nokukhulelwa. Ingabangela i-oksijini yindlala yomsana;
- ziya kubonisa indlela yokuphikisa, oko kwenzeka kwaye xa usulelekile ngeempethu;
- ufanisa ukuguquka kwegazi. Oku kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni ukulahleka kwegazi ngexesha lokubeleka.
Kulo hlalutyo, igazi lithathwa kusasa kwisisu esingenalutho esisuka kumnwe. Ngeveki akufanele adle ukutya okunamafutha. Oku kuya kuphazamisa inani lama-leukocytes egazini.
Uhlalutyo lwegazi lweemali kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kukuvumela ukuba uhlolisise umsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi ezahlukeneyo: isibindi, izintso, i-pancreas. Ivumela ukuchonga ukungaphumeleli ekusebenzeni kwamalungu angaphakathi, nangona iimpawu zangaphandle zesifo azikabonakali.
Uvavanyo lwegazi ngentshukela luya kubonisa isifo sikashukela esivuzayo. Kuthatyathwa ngomnwe kwisisu esingenalutho kusasa okanye kwi-vein ngelixa uthabatha ezinye iimvavanyo.
Ukuba umfazi kunye nomyeni baneenkalo ezahlukeneyo ze-Rh, ziya kunikwa ukunika igazi iiveki ezimbini kwiintsholongwane.
Ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi kubhinqa abakhulelweyo
Uhlalutyo oluqhelekileyo lomchamo lubaluleke kakhulu kumama ozayo, kuba izintso zakhe ngexesha lokukhulelwa zisebenza ezimbini. Ukuhambisa uhlalutyo lomchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kufuneka ulungiselele ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokungcola kwamanye amazwe. Kubalulekile ukuhlamba ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa ungazitshisi, ngoba ithawula ingabaktheriya.
Umsebenzi wezintso ulwabiwo lweemveliso ezingekho mfuneko kunye nokugcinwa kwezondlo. Ngoko ke, ukuba iiprotheni zivela kumchamo, iisiti, i-leukocytes kunye ne-erythrocyte-oku kubonisa ingxaki emzimbeni womama ozayo.
Ziziphi ezinye iimvavanyo ekufuneka ndizinike abafazi abakhulelweyo?
I-smear ukusuka kwisini ukuya kwi-flora inikezelwa ngotyelelo lokuqala kumgqirha, kwiiveki ezingama-30 neye-36 zokukhulelwa, ngezizathu zonyango - ngokuthe rhoqo. Uvavanya imeko ye-mucosa kunye ne-microflora, ibonisa ukuba usongelo lwe-fetus, lusinceda ukufumanisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba i-post-partum purulent-septic izifo.
Ukunyanzeliswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukuhlalutya kwi-TORCH isifo-rubella, i-toxoplasmosis, i-herpes kunye ne-cytomegalovirus. Ukuxilongwa kwezi zifo kubalulekile ukwenzela ukuba ugweme ukuphuhliswa kweentlungu kunye neengxaki kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Ukusuka kwiimvavanyo ozikhethela ugqirha unokunikela ngazo ukuba udlulise "ukuhlolwa kathathu" kwiiveki ezi-14 ukuya ku-18 zokukhulelwa. Olu luhlalutyo lwenqanaba le-estriol, i-alpha-fetoprotein kunye ne-chorionic gonadotropin. Olu vavanyo lunceda ukufumanisa okungaqhelekanga kuphuhliso kumntwana njengalo: i-hydrocephalus, i-Down syndrome kunye nezinye izinto ezingekho phantsi kwe-chromosomal. Olu hlalutyo lukhethwa, kwaye ngoko luhlawulwa. Kuthatyathwa kulezi zibonakaliso ezilandelayo: iminyaka engaphezu kwama-35 ubudala, ubukho kwintsapho yezihlobo okanye abantwana abane-chromosomal engafanelekanga. Kodwa olu vavanyo lunokunika iziphumo eziphosakeleyo, ngoko ke umfazi kufuneka afune isigqibo kwangaphambili oko azimisele ukukwenza ngempumelelo. Ukuba ukukhipha isisu, kufuneka uhlalutyo lwenziwe, kwaye ukuba - hayi, umfazi okhulelweyo angayinqabela. Uhlalutyo olunjalo lunokunikela ukuba kuthathe ngaphezu kweyodwa.
Ukuba uhlalutyo lokuphinda luhlolo lubonakalise ukuba luncedo, olunye uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo luya kunikwa-amniocentesis. Kulo hlalutyo, i-amniotic fluid ihlolwe ngenxa yobuninzi be-chromosomal kwintsana. Ugqirha ungena ngodonga lomzimba inaliti enkulu engenayo kwi-uterus kwaye ikhupha inani elincinci lamanzi kunye nesirinji yesisu kunye nesirinji.
Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, iimviwo ezine ze-ultrasound. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha unokutyumba iimfundo ezongezelelweyo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yempilo kunye nokuba khona kwimizimba yezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, i-gynecologist ingabelwa ezinye iimvavanyo ezifana nalezi: I-Dopplerography - i-vascular study, i-cardiotocography - inquma ithoni ye-uterus.