Uninzi lwabalimi abaqalayo bayazibuza: nini ukubuyisela ama-raspberries, kuba izivuno zezihlahla zihlala zixhomekeke kwimimiselo yokufakelwa. Ukuhlaziya ama-raspberries ngendlela yokufakelwa kwintsimbi kunokunyusa kakhulu ukuvelisa i-fruit, ukufumana amajikijolo amakhulu kunye neempawu eziphuculweyo.
Amagqabantshintshi okuTyhulwa kweGrapberry
Ukuba i-raspberry ihluma ikhula kwindawo enye kwithuba elingaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5-7, isivuno sazo saye saye sahla, kwaye amajikijolo atyhidiwe - yithuba lokutshintshwa kwazo. Umdala osekuhlaleni, kuncinci kunika ukukhula kwabantwana, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba ungaphutheli umzuzu xa ufuna ukuhlaziya i-raspberry. Eli xesha lihle kakhulu, xa unako ukuhlawulela i-raspberries, abaninzi abalimi bajonga ukuqala kwekwindla, amahlumela ahlonywe ngeli xesha, ii-rhizomes zezityalo zinexesha lokuphila kakuhle emhlabathini kwaye zilungiselela ixesha lobusika.
Kukho olunye udidi lwabalimi abakhetha ukutshala izityalo, ukukholelwa ukuba abayi kuhlupheka ngenxa yokubanda kwebusika, kunye nezona zihlandlo ezibalulekileyo zokukhula kancinci ziya kuza kwixesha elihle lehlobo lasehlobo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-berry eqokelelwe kwiintlobo ezityalwe kwixesha elihlukeneyo zonyaka ziyahlukahlukana ngokulingana kunye nobukhulu.
Ukugqithisa ama-raspberries ehlobo ukuya kwindawo entsha
Ungatshintsha i-raspberries ehlobo, xa oku kuyimfuneko. Kule nkqubo, khetha ixesha elitshisayo lomhla: kusasa okanye kusihlwa, uhlala kwindawo enomthunzi (kufuneka ukhusele amahlathi e-sun ngokuthe ngqo), ulungele ukucoca (ngoncedo lwengxube embi). Indawo engcono kakhulu iya kuba yindawo ephangaleleyo okanye ephakamileyo, kunye nomhlaba okhanyayo okanye ophakathi, omanzi. Kwi-raspberry yomhlaba enesihlabathi izakhula kuphela phantsi kwemo yokuhlala ithambisa.
Ukugqithisa ama-raspberries ekwindla kwindawo entsha
Ukukhetha ixesha elifanelekileyo xa utshintshisa i-raspberries-ekwindla, uya kuba neengxaki ezincinci kwizinto zokulima, ngeli xesha linenombolo enkulu yeengcambu, intsimi ekhulile. Kwi-autumn raspberry yokufakelwa, kukho inzuzo yokulungiswa ngokusisigxina kwesiza kunye nezimo zezulu ezingcono. Isiza sesityalo esitsha singcono ukhethe omnye owakhula ithanga, utamatisi, iklabishi, ukhukhamba, izaqathe, imifino. Kukho iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kunye neemfihlo, kunye nokufakelwa kwe-raspberry ngexesha lokuwa:
- Lungisa indawo ye-raspberry kufuneka ibe ngaphambili, iminyaka engama-2-3 ngaphambi kokutyala (ukwenza isichumisi, izityalo zityalo, i-zucchini okanye ezinye izityalo zemifuno);
- kwiimitha ezenziwe ngaphambili okanye iintsuku (iintsuku ezingama-15 ukuya ngaphambi kokutshala) zongeza umquba, umquba kunye ne-sawdust, superphosphate okanye i-biohumus, ufafaze yonke into ngomxube womhlaba kunye nomlotha;
- Nciphisa umsila kumhlaba olungiselelwe, ukusasaza iingcambu, ukufafaza umhlaba, ukucoca umhlaba, uthele;
- Sika ii-cuttings kumgama wama-25-40 cm ukusuka kwisiseko;
- phakathi kwezityalo zihamba umgama ubuncinane ubuncinane be-50 cm, zityalwe iintlanga ezibophelelwe kwizikhonkwane zenkxaso;
- Ukutyala izityalo zivelise ngaphaya kwe-Agasti-ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, emva koko ukusika izityalo zingabandezeleka ngeqabunga.
I-Raspberry Transplantation
Emva kokuqulunqa imiqathango yokufakelwa, kufuneka ufunde ngokwakho nemigaqo yale nkqubo. Kungcono ukutshala ama-raspberries kwiindawo, ungazami ukutshintshela zonke i-raspberry ngexesha elilodwa, ngoko unobungozi bokungavunwa. Ukutshiza i-raspberry bush bushs kanje:
- kukhethwe izihlumela ezinempilo, ezichanekileyo, kunye nenkqubo engcambule kakuhle, ubuncinane ububanzi bentimitha;
- zihlonywe kwizinga 60-80 cm ukusuka kwingcambu;
- kwi-pre-loosened, ekhululwe ngokhula, ekhutshiwe kunye nomhlaba odibeneyo, kunye nemigodi elungiselelwe okanye yokumba imitshini, izityalo zityalwe kwaye zityelwe;
- I-tie ehlambayo kwaye uthele.
Zingaphi iindawo zokutshintsha ama-raspberries?
Ngexesha elide, ama-raspberries adinga ukutshintshwa, kuba, ekhulayo endaweni enye, amahlathi atshabalalisa izinto eziwusizo ezisemhlabeni, ezidlulayo kwaye, ngokuhamba kwexesha, isixa sokuvuna, ubukhulu beeriteji bunciphisa kakhulu. Ukuba i-raspberry ilandelwa rhoqo, ngononophelo rhoqo, ngoko ukutshintshwa kungenziwa kwisithandathu ukuya kunyaka wesixhenxe. Ukucinga malunga naliphi ixesha lonyaka lokutshintsha i-raspberries, ukhethe ukukhetha ixesha elilungele ngakumbi kuwe - lo mbandela awunasisiseko, kwaye ixesha lokutshintshwa kwezinto ezibalulekileyo.
Ukutshintshela ama-raspberries
I-raspberry iqala ukuqhakaza phakathi koJuni, ngeli xesha kufuneka idle kakuhle kwaye akukho nto itshintshe. Ngeli xesha, amahlumela akanalo ixesha lokuvuthwa, kwaye ngaphandle kokusinda kwabo ngexesha lokushisa liphantsi kakhulu. Yonke into yokutshintshwa kufuneka iphele ngaphambi kokuhlahlela. Izityalo ezityalwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kubo (entwasahlobo nasekwindla) zizinzile kwaye ziphuhlise.
Ngaphambi kokuba utshintshwe ama-raspberries kwenye indawo, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa inani lezityalo ezisetyenziselwa umhlaba ukusuka ekwindla ukuphucula imeko yeehlumela. Ukuba amahlumela sele afinyelele ubuninzi bomyinge omnye kwihlobo, kwaye ubude bawo buba malunga neemitha ezimbini, isivuno esivela ehlathini sisuswe kwi-1-1.5 kg, oko kuthetha ukuba inani lechumisi liwanele kwaye lilungelelanise, kunokwenzeka ukuhlukana nokutshintshisa ukukhula kwabantwana.
Ubungakanani be-raspberry yokutshintshwa
Ukutshintshela i-raspberry bush, khetha izihlahla eziphilileyo, eziqhamo, kunye nokukhula okukhulayo. Izimpuma zivame ukucinywa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi-ekuqaleni kukaJuni, xa ukuphakama kwesiqu kufikela kwi-12-15 cm. Emva koko banokutyalwa kwibhede lesigxina, kwaye ekwindla, ukukhula ukuya kumgangatho oqhelekileyo wama-50-60 cm, uhluthwe kwindawo yokuhlala yendawo. Ukuba inzala ihlonyelwe kwi-uterine ehlahleni ekwindla, ikhethwe ukuba ifikelele ekuphakameni kwama-60-70 cm ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokungena komhlaba kwaye ibekwe ngokukhawuleza kwindawo engunaphakade.
Abalimi abanolwazi, bekhetha ixesha elifanelekileyo ukuhlawulela ama-raspberries, baqhube kwizinto abazikhethayo, kodwa into ephambili kukuba ubukho obuhle, obuvuthiweyo, izinto zokulima zonyaka. Ukuba umtshini omncinci osondele kwinqaba lomama uye wanda kakhulu, kwaye akufuneki, kufuneka utshabalaliswe, ngaphandle koko uya kutywala i-raspberry.