Kunzima ukuhlangabezana nekiti yokunceda yokuqala ngaphandle kwemilenze. Xa kukho into ebuhlungu, ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa iziyobisi. Kodwa, njengoko kuboniswe ngophando lwezebhoratri zonyango, eli qela leziyobisi aliyingozi njengokuba libonakala, kwaye ukuphelisa intlungu kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezingathí sina.
Iintlobo zama-analgesics
Ngoluhlobo lwezithako ezisebenzayo, ezi zi yobisi zihlukaniswe zibe yi-opioid (isenzo senzondo) kwaye engekho i-opioid (engeyiyo i-narcotic action).
Umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo kukuba iziyobisi zeqela lokuqala zichaphazela ingqondo kunye nenkqubo yesantya. Zathengiswa kuphela kwi-odokotela kwaye zisetyenziselwa intlungu ebuhlungu ngenxa yemisebenzi embi, ukulimala kunye nezifo ezithile. Ukongeza, ii-analgia ze-opioid ziyalutha. Iqela lesibini lamachiza lisebenza ngokubhekiselele kwinkqubo yentsholongwane ye-peripheral, ikhutshwe ngaphandle kwemithi. Oku kuthetha ukuba iziyobisi ezingenayo i-narcotic ziyakunqanda intlungu yesifo kuphela kwindawo yokuvela kuyo kwaye ingabangeli umlutha. Phakathi kwama-analgesics angenabo-opioid, kukho iincinci ezinamanani amaninzi ezenzo ezongezelelweyo emzimbeni, njengokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokunciphisa ubushushu bomzimba. Zibizwa ngokuba yizidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo (i-NSAID) kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentlungu.
Iyintoni ingozi ye-analgesics?
Nangona into yokuba imishanguzo engeyiyo i-steroid ayifaki ingozi kwinkqubo yeentlanzi kunye nengqondo, ineziphumo ezinobuthi ezinobuthi:
- umonakalo kwinkqubo yokugaya (isibindi, isifo, isisu);
- kunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- ingxolo ezindlebeni ;
- ukuphuma kwegastric;
- izifo zamathumbu;
- idizithi zetyukliya kwiisso;
- ukuchukumisa migraines;
- isikhumba;
- ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kweeukocytes;
- ukucinywa komsebenzi wesiqhelo somnxeba;
- ukuphazamiseka kwemiba.
Iziyobisi ezinobungozi kakhulu
Indawo yokuqala kuleluhlu ithathwa ngu-Analgin. Eli liyeza liye lavalwa ixesha elide ekusebenziseni kumazwe athuthukile ngenxa yemiphumo eyingozi yecala. I-Analgin ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunye ne-lactation. Ukongezelela, kubangela ukulimala emzimbeni womntwana. Esi sidakamizwa sinciphisa ukukhuselwa kwe-immune, njengoko kunciphisa ukuveliswa kweeukocytes.
I-Aspirin ayikho enye into:
- landisa kakhulu uxinzelelo;
- kuphazamisa i-coagulability yegazi;
- kubangela umonakalo kwisisu nasemathumbu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwesi sigulo kunyango lwabantwana kunokukhokelela ekuphuhliseni i-Reye's syndrome.
Ama-analgesics ane-paracetamyl ayingozi kakhulu kwisisu, kodwa adala izifo eziqhubekayo zezintso nesibindi. Ukongezelela, ngokudibanisa notywala, i-Paracetamol ikhokelela ekusithekeni ngokugqithiseleyo kwerusi yesisu, esingaqhubekiyo ekuphuhliseni izilonda zesisu kunye nokubonakala kwimizi e-mucosa.
Ibuprofen, edlalwa yinto esele ithathe indawo yeso sigqirha, idla ngokusetyenziswa ukuphelisa intloko. Isiphumo esisecaleni salo lonyango ngokusetyenziswa rhoqo (ubuncinane iintsuku ezili-10 kwinyanga e-1) yipropati yaso kubangela ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine yokuphakama okukhulu.
Izidakamizwa ezinobuthi kakhulu kwiqela elingafaniyo le-steroidal li-Meclofenamate, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen kunye neTolmetin. Ukuba kukho ukuphulwa kwemithetho yokuthatha okanye ukugqithisa amayeza aphakanyisiweyo ala mayeza, ukuhlaziywa kweempawu, ukuveliswa kweengxaki, ukuphuma kwegazi kwangaphakathi kwenzeka kwaye ukufa kuya kwenzeka.