- Idilesi: iToom-Kooli 6, 10130 iTallinn, Estonia;
- Eyakhelwe: ngo-1219;
- Izakhiwo zokwakha: i- Gothic, ubugcisa baroque;
- Ifowuni: +372 644 4140;
- Iwebhusayithi: toomkirik.ee.
Enye yamathempeli amadala aseTallinn yiDome Cathedral, eyayifumana iliso lwanamhlanje emva kokuqulunqwa kwamanzi amaninzi. Ngokwababhali-mlando, kwakhiwe kwiziko lecawa lenkuni, elalikho ngo-1219. I-Lutheran Cathedral, eyazinikezelwa kwiNtombi kaMariya, ikhona kwiDolophu yaseKapa . Inqaba yetempileni yakhiwe ngesitayela seBaroque, kwaye ezinye i-chapel-extensions zihlobene nezinye izitayela zokwakha. Xa ukutyelela abavakhenkethi beetempile kubonakaliswa ukungcwatyelwa kwekhulu le-13 le-19, kunye nezifanekiselo ezintle kunye neepitaphs, ezimelelwe kwinani lama-107.
Imbali yeCathhedral
I-Dome Cathedral (iTallinn) ikhankanywe okokuqala kwiimbali zembali ngo-1233 kuba abazalwana bomkhosi kaKristu babulala amaDani baze babeka imizimba yabo kufuphi nombindi webandla. Isakhiwo sokuqala sokhuni sasingcweliswa ngo-1240 njengedemokhrasi yamaRoma Katolika. Ecaweni yavulwa isikolo, esibizwa ngokuba yiDome, ukukhankanywa okuyi-1319 ngonyaka.
Ngokokuqala ngqa ukuvuselelwa kwetempile kwakuqala kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-13. Ngenkulungwane ye-14 icawa yajika yaba yi-basilica, kodwa isigqubuthelo sokugqibela se-nave senziwa kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15. Ngomnyaka we-1561 ibandla latshintshwa laba yiKherithra. Umlilo we-1694 wabhubhisa ininzi yentambo kunye nenqaba ngaphezu kwe-nave ephakathi. Izinguqu ezintle ekubonakaleni kwakhiwo zokwakha zathintela intonga yasentshonalanga, eyakhiwe ngumgangatho weGeist. Ilungu lanamhlanje elibonakalayo phambi kwezokhenketho lenziwe ngowe-1878 ngumphathi waseJamani F. Lagedast.
Ukususela kwisakhiwo sokuqala kwakukho kuphela inxalenye yesibingelelo. Ngenxa yokungavumelani kwimithombo yembali malunga nomnyaka wokwakhiwa kwecawa, nokuba izazinzulu aziyi kuqinisekisa ukuba le minyaka okanye leyo nxalenye ingakanani.
Ukutyelela kwiDome Cathedral eTallinn, kufuneka ubone i-cathedra ebhakabhaka, ama-gravestones amangalisayo avela kwiintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kwaye ukhuphuke kwinqaba, ukusuka apho unokubona umbono omuhle weso sixeko sonke.
Iimpawu zokwakhiwa kwetempile
Kukho ii-nave ezintathu ebandleni, apho i-central central iyaqhubeka njengeqonga leqonga. Inqaba yentshona ye-cathedral isebenza njengebell tower. Ukongezelela, isakhiwo esona sakhiwo sakhiwe ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo embali.
Umhlobiso oyintloko weendonga ezilula ezifakwe iifestile eziphezulu ze-lancet. Ubunzima befowuni buyanciphisa ilitye elidweba ngaphezu kwawo, okuyiyo ebophekileyo. I-Dome Cathedral idume ngenye yeentsimbi eziye zaphonswa emva komlilo onzima ngo-1685. Kuhlotshiswe ngomfanekiso weNkosikazi yethu kunye noMntwana kunye nembongo yesiJamani.
Kukho ukubhaliswa kwintsimbi elandelayo, ngobukhulu obuncinci, obubizwa ngokuba ngu "Msindisi". Indlu yecawa yamatye ityelelwa ngokukodwa ngabakhenkethi ngenxa yezinto ezilandelayo zangaphakathi:
- Indawo yokuhlala kwiintsapho zeManteuffel, ezenziwe ngesitayela saseBaroque;
- i-wua-roofing above above pulppit, efana necawa zamaKatolika;
- umzobo wesibingelelo uKristu Ubethelwe;
- Umzimba obhekwa njengowona mkhulu ku-Estonia kwaye unesandi esihle.
Kwi-kedareli kukho iingcwaba zabantu abadumileyo njenge-I.F. Krusenstern kunye nomfazi wakhe, umkhondo waseRashiya kunye nomlawuli waseSweden - uPontus Delagardi. Uyakwazi ukubona indawo ye-architectural architectural marking in absentia - i-Dome Cathedral, umfanekiso ofumaneka kuyo nayiphi na incwadana.
Ulwazi malunga nabahambi
Ababhenkethi bemali bayavunyelwa kwidonti yokubona kwinqaba, kodwa oku kunqoba amanqanaba angama-130. Abakhenkethi abaninzi bayazibuza apho iDome Cathedral kufuneka ifunwe kwiDolophu yaseKapa, kwaye ufumane impendulo elandelayo: eVikshgorod, Toom-Kooli, 6.
Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukufumana ishedyuli yokutyelela, kuba kukho izithintelo ezithile ngexesha leenkonzo kunye neekonsathi. Iidolophu zihlala zihlala zonke zasehlotyeni imihla ngemihla ukususela nge-9 ukuya ku-6 ntambama. Yonke ixesha ixesha liye litshintshile, mhlawumbi linciphisa ngeyure enye ukuya kweyure.
Ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwisixeko, unokuhlala ucela apho iCome Cathedral ifumaneka nayiphi na isi-Estonian, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo umhenketho uya kuchazwa kwaye aboniswe ngendlela. Icawa inxaxheba kwizenzo "Ubusuku kwiMyuziyam", kwaye izama kwakhona zonke iindlela zokumangaliswa kwaye nceda bafumane iindwendwe. Ngoko ke, ekufikeni eTallinn, iDhederal Cathedral ayinakugqithiselwa ngabahambi, kwaye ayithunyelwa kwisixeko. Emva koko, isakhiwo sinye yezinto eziphambili zeendlunkulu.
Idilesi yeDomsky inxulumene nemiqondiso ethile kunye neengcamango. Ngoko, kunye naye kukho isikolo, kwaye kukholwa ukuba xa umntu ethinta enye yeendonga zayo, umnqweno omkhulu uya kuzaliseka. Oku kusetyenziswa abafundi abaninzi nabafundi. Ukongezelela, kufuphi nomnyango omkhulu kwiCome Cathedral kukho ilitye, apho u-Otto Johann Tuwe, waseDon Juan, ohlala khona. Ukungena ethempelini, kuyinto yokuthandaza kuye.
Ndingafika njani?
I-Dome Cathedral itholakala kwiDolophu yaseKapa , imizuzu engama-7 ihamba ukusuka kwisiKolo seHolo saseKapa , ngoko kuya kuba nzima ukuyifumana. Kwidolophu endala inokufikelela kwizithuthi zikawonkewonke: kwi-tram inombolo yesi-2 kunye nenombolo 4, ibhasi ye-17 nombolo 23.