I-Phytophthora kukuhlaselwa okunokuthi kunciphise kakhulu isivuno semifuno kwaye kutshabalalise zonke izityalo zezambane. Iimpawu zeprottophthors kwiifatata ziyabonakala kwi-iso iso: kuqala, iindawo ezimnyama zichaphazela amaqabunga aphantsi kwesityalo, ngokukhawuleza zijika kumaqabunga aphezulu, iziqu kunye nezilimo. Umgangatho wezambatho uya kuba ne-gray-grey, ithambile kwaye iyancipha kwi-touch, kwaye inyama iyazuza i-hue ekhuni. Into ebangela ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo imanzi, imozulu eshushu. Ukulwa ne-potato phytophthora kuquka nemilinganiselo yamanani.
Izindlela zokulwa ne-phytophthora kwiipatates
Ukuhlola izilwanyana ezigulayo
Ekubeni umthombo osisiseko sentsholongwane yizifo eziguga, ukukhusela amazambane kwi-phytophthora, kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe ngokucophelela izinto eziphathekayo ezichaphazeleka yifungus. Kubalulekile ukuba ungagcini nje ukubeka iifatata ezonakaliswe kwindawo yendawo yokuhlala okanye ukuphosa phezu kocingo, kuyimfuneko ukuba uhlume iipilers zibe ngaphantsi komhlaba okanye utshise, mhlawumbi ungabikho umoya ufike kumgama weekhilomitha ezingama-5.
Ukuchithwa kweentlobo zeetekisi kunye nemifuno
Kuyinto engathandeki ukutyala iintlobo zokuvuthwa kwexesha elide ngokubambisana kunye neentlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa, ezichaphazelekayo ngokukhawuleza kwangaphambili. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukutyala amazambane rhoqo ngonyaka kwindawo entsha. Akunakwenzeka ukutshala iitamatisi kwindawo yokuhlala, eziye zavezwa kwintlungu engapheliyo .
Ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza amazambane
Ukuphatha iitapile ukususela emva kwexesha elide, ukulungiselela amakhemikhali asetyenziswa. Ukuxazulula umbuzo, yiyiphi indlela yokucoca iifatata kwi-phytophthors, kufuneka uqwalasele inkqubo yenkcubeko yezityalo. Ekuqaleni kokutyala, iifatata ziphathwa ngokuphindwe kabini kwisigaba sokukhupha isiteji, ukugcina ixesha eli-1.5 kwiiveki. Ngelo xesha izilungiselelo ze-fungicidal zisetyenziselwa kwi-phytophthors kwiitatate: i-Arcedil (50 g ngalinye nge-10 l yamanzi), i-Ridomil MC (25 g ngalinye nge-10 l) kunye ne-Oxcich (20 g ngalinye nge-10 l). Emva kweentyantyambo, unyango lwenziwe ngamaqhinga okuthintana: i-Ditamin M-45 (20 g ngalinye nge-10 L yamanzi), i-chloride ye-copper (40 g ngalinye nge-10 L), i-Kuproksat (25 g nganye nge-10 l). Inani lezonyango li-3-4 ngexesha lonyaka, ixesha eliphakathi kwamanyango li-1 ngeveki.
Ukuhlakulela ukuxhathisa amazambane kwixesha elidlulileyo
Ukukhethwa kweentlobo zamazambane ezinganyangekiyo ekupheleni kwexesha elidlulileyo yindlela efanelekileyo kakhulu. Kwiindawo apho esi sifo sezambatho ziqhelekileyo, iintlobo kufuneka zityalwe, ezincinci zichaphazelekayo: iNevvsky, Spring, Arina, Golubichna, Septemba, Mavka, Ogonek kunye nabanye.
Ukuthobela imithetho yokuvuna amazambane
Ukukhusela isifo esinjalo esingathandekiyo sezambatho njengobungozi bokugqibela, kubalulekile ukulungiselela kakuhle izinto zokulima kwintwasahlobo ezayo. Ngenxa yoko, emva kokuvuna, i-tubers kufuneka imiswe. Ukuba imozulu iyomile, ke iifatata ezomileyo ngqo kwisiza, ukuba ukunyuka kwemvula kuqhutyelwa phantsi kombhobho. Emva kokuba iibhubhu zomile zome, yenza i-bulkhead yesibini yebhatateshi, kwaye ke kuphela isityalo esilondolozwe ixesha elide lokugcina . Ukunciphisa ngisho nezo zilimo ezihlakulelayo, ngenxa yokuba emva kweenyanga ezili-1.5 emva kokutyala, i-fungus iya kubonakala, kunye nabaphilileyo baya kuhlaselwa
Ukucwangciswa kwembewu phambi kokutyala
Abagadi beegadi bava ukuba ngokunyusa ukuxhatshazwa kwezambatho, ukutshala izilimo ezinobuncwane baphathwa ngamachiza. Kodwa akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba ahlalutye imbewu yezambatho kwii-phytophthors. I-Agrotechnics iyacetyiswa ukuba yenze unyango 1-2 iintsuku ngaphambi kokutyala i-Agatom-25K (3 amagremu ngama-250 ml yamanzi) okanye i-Immunocytophyte (0.4 g nge 150 ml). Isixa sesisombululo sanele ukusingatha iikhokiti ezingama-20.
Ndiyabulela kwisethi yamanyathelo okukhusela unokuqokelela isivuno esininzi senkcubeko yemifuno esimnandi!