Umonakalo we-oncological kwi-tiffy lymphatic kunye namalungu athile abizwa ngokuba yi-lymphatic leukemia. Esi sifo sibonakaliswa ngokuqokelela kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kwi-biological fluids, umongo we-bone, isibindi kunye ne-spleen. Ukuze kuphumelele ukulwa ne-pathology, kubalulekile ukuxilonga i-lemonem lymphocytic ngexesha - iimpawu zibonakaliswe ngokukhawuleza kwindlela echaphazelekayo yesifo, kodwa uhlobo olungapheliyo lunokunqunywa lula.
Iimpawu ze-leyemia ye-lymphocytic
Ukubonakaliswa kwemithi yomhlaza kuyahluke ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yesifo.
Ngefom elula, i-lymphoblastic leukemia ine-symptomatology ekhankanyiweyo:
- ukwandiswa ngobukhulu bepeni kunye ne-lymph nodes;
- ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kobushushu bomzimba;
- ukuphuma ngegazi rhoqo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza kwaye kungekho sizathu esicacileyo;
- zixhala;
- ukugqithisa kwesikhumba;
- ukukhwehlela owomileyo kunye kunye nokuphefumula okufutshane;
- intlungu esiswini, amathambo kunye namaqela amakhulu;
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi;
- iimeko ezivuthayo.
Xa inkqubo ye-nervous echaphazelekayo ichaphazelekayo, kukho inwele embi, inokukhubeka, ukuhlanza kunye noxinzelelo.
Umfanekiso wegazi kwi-leukemia eqhelekileyo ye-lymphocytic ibonakala ngokuqokelelwa kweeseli ezitshatyalaliswayo (i-precursors of lymphocytes) kwintsipho yethambo kunye negazi. Kukho utshintsho kwindlela yokwakhiwa kwe-biological fluid. I-blood smear ihluke kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo ngokungabikho kwezigaba eziphakathi zokuphuhliswa kweeseli, zikho kuphela iziqhamo ezivuthiweyo kunye nokuqhuma.
Ezinye iimpawu ze-leyemia ye-lymph ngokuhambelana nokuhlaziywa kwegazi:
- thrombocytopenia;
- leukocytosis;
- i-normochromic anemia;
- leukopenia .
Iimpawu zokugula okungapheliyo kwe-lymphocytic leukemia
Ifom esicatshangelwayo yesifo ifunyanwe rhoqo, ngakumbi kubasetyhini abadala kuneminyaka engama-55.
Ngelishwa, izibonakaliso zekliniki zesifo esingapheliyo zibonakala kuphela kwizigaba ezidlulileyo, ekubeni lolu hlobo lwe-leukemia lymphocytic lukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye alubonakali nakwizinga lokuqala.
Iimpawu zokugula zihlukene kakhulu:
- ukulahleka kwesisindo;
- ukuxhomekeka kwiintsholongwane ezithintekayo nezifo zentsholongwane ngenxa yokungonakaliswa kokusebenza kwe-immunity;
- ukwanda kobukhulu beelymode;
- ukulahlekelwa yidlo, kuze kube yilapho ukwenqaba ngokupheleleyo ukutya, i-anorexia;
- ukugula kunye nobuthathaka;
- ubunzima esiswini nasesipheni;
- i-asthenia (ubuthathaka bomzimba);
- i-hepatomegaly (ukwanda kwindwangu yesibindi) kunye ne-splenomegaly (ukwandiswa ngobukhulu benteni);
- ukujuluka okukhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ebusuku;
- iimpendulo ezithintekayo ukuya kwinani elikhulu leemvakalelo;
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi ;
- Ukuphefumula okufutshane kunye nokunyanzelisa umzimba.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-lymphatic leukemia kwifomu engapheliyo ibonakaliswa yi-neutropenia kunye ne-thrombocytopenia. Oku kuthetha ukuhla kwesifo se-pathological ephezulu kwinani le-neutrophils (ngaphantsi kwe-500 kwi-1 cubic millimeter) kunye neeplatelets (ngaphantsi kwama-200
I-lorphocytes i-tumor iqokelela kwi-lymph nodes, igazi le-peripheral, kunye nomnatha wethambo. Ngokwemvelo, zivuthiwe, kodwa azikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yazo ngokuthe ngqo, ngoko ke zibhekwa ziphantsi.
Kubalulekile ukuba kuqaphele ukuba ngenxa yokunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kwi-lymphocyte, ekugqibeleni zizalise ngokupheleleyo iiseli zethambo lomongo (ngo-80-90%). Nangona kunjalo, ukuveliswa kwezicubu eziqhelekileyo akunako ukuphuculwa, ukuphazamisa ukuphuhliswa kwe-anemia kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukuxilongwa kwesi sifo.