Kwi-fetus, isakhiwo sezintso ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-4 zokukhulelwa sifana nesakhiwo sezintso zesana esele sizalwe - kukho i-parenchyma apho i-urine ifom kunye ne-excretory system. Inkqubo yokukhupha i-urinary iqukethe iikomityi kunye ne-pelvis, apho iikomityi zivula khona. Ukongezelela, umchamo ungena kwi-ureter kunye ne-bladder ye-fetus, leyo inika amaxesha amaninzi ngosuku.
Iintso ezisemtshatweni ziqala ukusebenza ukusuka kwiiveki ezili-16 zokukhulelwa. Kwaye kwi-yesibini yokuhlola i-ultrasound uviwo kwiiveki ezingama-18 ukuya ku-21 zokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba zikhona iinkozo zombini nokuba ingaba ziintlungu zokuzalwa zentliziyo, i-urinary tract and bladder.
Yintoni i-hydronephrosis ebusweni?
Ngexesha le-embryogenesis, nayiphi na into eyenziwa yi-teratogenic ingabangela ukungabikho komntwana okwezintsholongwane, kodwa kwakhona kuyisicatshulwa apho inzala enkulu inendima enkulu. Kwaye ukuba kukho izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zesifo se-kidney, ke kufuneka zihlawule ngokukodwa isakhiwo somntwana.
I-Hydronephrosis yandisa izindebe zeentliziyo kunye neeplisi kunye nomchamo. Ukuba umntwana ukhulise i-pelvis ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-8 mm kwixesha elide ukuya kwiiveki ezingama-20 zokukhulelwa okanye ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwe-10 mm emva kweveki ezingama-20, oku akusiyo i-hydronephrosis, kodwa inokwenzeka ukuba umntwana lowo unceda iinjongo zomama, ezingenakuhlangabezana nomthwalo kwaye Kule meko, iintso zowesifazane okhulelweyo kufuneka zihlolwe.
Kodwa ukuba ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kweeveki ezingama-20 kufumaneka ukwandisa i-pelvis ngaphezu kwe-8 mm, kwaye emva kweeveki ezingama-20 - ngaphezulu kwe-10 mm, ke lona yi-hydronephrosis. Ininzi idla ngohlangothi lunye kwaye lixhomekeke kwiliphi izinga lokunciphisa umzila we-urinary kwenzeka.
Ukuba i-hydronephrosis yesibindi esifanelekileyo ifunyenwe kwi-fetus, ngoko i-constriction iyakwenzeka kwinqanaba le-pelvis elungileyo lingena kwi-ureter, kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye ye-ureter efanelekileyo okanye kwindawo yokungena kwi-bladder. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba umculi uhambe kwiintso ngokungekho kakuhle okanye uvumelwano kunye nesitya esongezelelweyo.
I-hydronephrosis yeentso ezikhohlo emntwaneni ivela ngenxa yesithintelo esifanayo ngakwesobunxele.
I-Hydronephrosis inobungozi ngenxa yokuba ukwandiswa, kunokwenzeka ukufakela i-parenchyma ngomchamo kuze kube yilapho itshabalaliswa ngokupheleleyo, emva koko i-hydronephrosis ayikho, kodwa iinjongo azikwazi ukugcinwa. Ngako oko, unyango luvame ukukhawuleza: ukuba i-hydronephrosis incinci - emva kokuzalwa komntwana, kwaye xa kuyimfuneko - kwaye ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwiintliziyo zesisu (ukuphuma kwesikhombane kwesikhashana, kulandelwa yindlela yokuhlinzwa eplastiki).