Indlela ebalulekileyo yokufumanisa izifo ezininzi kukuhlalutya kwegazi . Kukho imida emiselweyo yimixholo yazo zonke izixhobo ze-biological fluid. Ukufumanisa ukuba ukuphambuka kwezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo zisuka kumgangatho wendlela, ugqirha unokukwazi ukuchonga isigxina esilungileyo okanye uqondise umntu kuphando olongezelelweyo.
Yintoni i-hematocrit?
Eli xabiso lithetha kwiqela leemvavanyo zezinto zegazi. I-Hematocrit yinkxalabo yeeseli ebomvu ekubunjweni kwayo, kuxhomekeke kwindleko epheleleyo. Ngaphantsi kancinane, olu phofu luchazwa njengomlinganiselo wazo zonke izixhobo ze-biological fluid (i- leukocyte , iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets ) ukuya kwisixa esiphezulu segazi. Akukho phantse umahluko phakathi kwezi ndlela zombini, kuba i-99% yomsindo we-biological fluid i-corpuscles ebomvu.
Yintoni i-hematocrit?
Uninzi lwezigulane kwanoma yimuphi ugqirha akakwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo iziphumo zophando. Ukuqonda ukuba kungani i-hematocrit ibalulekile ekuhlalutyweni kwegazi, yintoni na, kuthini ukuba kuthetha ukuthini kwaye yintoni ekumiselweyo, nokuba iphakanyisiwe okanye iyancipha, ukufundiswa kokubunjwa kunye nemisebenzi yamaseli obomvu kuya kunceda. Ngomnatha wethambo, malunga nezigidi ezi-2,5 izigidi ezibomvu ziveliswa ngasinye sesibini. Zijikeleza emzimbeni malunga neentsuku eziyi-120, zinika iiseli, izicubu kunye nezitho zomoya. Emva kokuba benze yonke imisebenzi yabo, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zithathwa yi-macrophages.
I-Hematocrit ithetha ukutyalwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Le ngenye yeemvavanyo eziphambili ekuxilongweni kwe-anemia, kodwa kukho ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ukuphambuka kwesi sixalathisi kwimiqathango, ukunciphisa okanye ukwanda kwinani lamaseli egazi abomvu okanye umthamo opheleleyo we-biological fluid. Kukho izifo ezingekho nengozi kwaye zibi kakhulu apho i-hematocrit iphakanyisiwe, nto leyo ithetha ukuba ugqirha wokunyanga kufuneka akufumanise. Ukuseka ukuxilongwa ngokucacileyo, kuphando luya kufuna.
Yintoni i-hematocrit elinganiswayo?
Iiyunithi ezichonga ukuxinwa kweeseli ezibomvu zixhomekeke kwindlela yokubala. Ukuba i-hematocrit egazini ihlolwe ngendlela elula, ngokumalunga nomyinge wegazi, ubuninzi bonyuka, lilinganiselwa kwipesenti (%). Xa kuqhutyelwa isifundo ngokubala koxinaniso lwazo zonke izinto ezibunjiweyo ze-biological fluid (oku kuthetha i-erythrocytes, i-leukocytes kunye neeplatelet), isibonakaliso esicatshulwayo sisetyenziswe njengeqhezu elishumi ukuya kwi-cent. Izilwanyana kule ngxaki - ilitha nganye ngetitha (l / l).
I-Hematocrit - ukuhlolwa kwegazi
Inombolo echazwe yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwezifo ezinzulu, eziquka izifo zomhlaza, i-anemia, i-hypoxia, i-leukemia kunye nezinye izifo. I-hematocrit ekuhlolweni kwegazi kuthetha ezininzi ukufumanisa ukuba iphakanyisiwe okanye iyancipha, kuyimfuneko ukwazi imida yexabiso layo eliqhelekileyo. Ziyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke kwisini kunye nobudala bomntu, imvelaphi ye-hormonal kubafazi.
I-Hematocrit egazini - iyinto evamile
Iimpawu eziphakamileyo zeeseli ezibomvu zegazi ziyabonwa kwasebusaneni. I-Hematocrit iyinto eqhelekileyo kwiintsana ezisuka ku-44-62%. Kancinci, umthamo we-plasma ukwanda, oku kuthetha ukuba inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi liyancipha (umlinganiselo kwipesenti):
- Iinyanga ezi-1-3 - 32-44;
- Iinyanga ezi-4-12 - 36-44;
- 1-10 ubudala - 37-44.
I-Hematocrit yinto evamile kubantu abadala (%):
- amadoda - 44-48;
- abafazi - 36-43.
Imida eyahlukileyo imiselwe oomama bokamva. Ngexesha lokugaya, umntwana usebenzisa igazi lomfazi, oku kuthetha ukuba njengoko ikhula, imfuno yazo yamaseli ebomvu iphakanyisiwe. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iirhafu ze-hematocrit kubafazi abakhulelweyo bahluke kancinane ukusuka kumgangatho:
- i-trimester yokuqala-33-36%;
- Inyanga yesi-3-6 yesigxina - malunga ne-31%;
- ixesha lokubeleka lingama-33%.
I-Hematocrit iphezulu kunokoqhelekileyo, ithetha ntoni?
Ukwanda kweengxube zegazi ezibomvu zenzeke ngenxa yezinto eziphilayo (ezingekho yingozi) kunye nezifo (ezinzulu). Ukuba i-hematocrit yanda, koko kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba izifundo ezongezelelweyo. Inani elikhulu le-erythrocytes lenza ukuba ukwanda kwegazi, kunye ne-viscosity excessively ye-biological fluid inokukhokelela ekugodleni igazi kunye nemigodi yegazi.
I-Hematocrit yanda - ibangela
Ukuphambukiswa okucatshulwayo kwendlela yokwakheka kwegazi ukusuka kwisiqhelo akusoloko kusisimo esongela impilo. Ngokwemvelaphi yezizathu ezithile zomzimba, i-hematocrit iphakanyisiwe, oku kuthetha ukuba:
- Hypoxia. Ukusilela kwe-oksijini kwimizimba edlalwa ngokutshaya.
- Ukunyanzeliswa kwamanzi emzimbeni. Isixa se plasma sinciphisa, kwaye ubuninzi begazi buyanda.
- Hlala kwindawo ephakamileyo. Utshintsho olubukhali kumxinzelelo lwangaphakathi luchaphazela inani lamaseli obomvu kwi-biological fluid.
- Isikhumba sitshisa. Ephakamileyo indawo ye-epidermis, i-hematocrit ephezulu iphakanyisiwe.
- Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide lamachiza athile. Ukunyuka kwinkxalabo ye-erythrocytes kubangela iziyobisi ze-hormonal, i-antibiotics, i-diuretics.
Ukuba ingxaki ebonisiweyo ibangelwa zizizathu zokugula, i-hematocrit ephakamileyo ithetha:
- erythremia;
- neengxaki zeentso;
- ukupheliswa kwamanzi;
- leukemia;
- peritonitis;
- i-hydronephrosis yeentso ;
- polycystic;
- ukungasebenzi;
- i ntliziyo;
- isithintelo esiswini;
- thrombosis;
- ischemia yentliziyo.
I-Hematocrit iphakanyisiwe - unyango
Kukho iindlela ezinzulu kunye nezisiseko zokunciphisa uxinzelelo lweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwigazi. Kwimeko yokuqala, xa i-hematocrit iphakanyisiwe kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuthini kwaye le meko inganyuswa njani ngugqirha kuphela. Unyango luyeza ngamachiza alandelayo:
- Hydroxycarbamide;
- Busulfan;
- I-Interferon (kuma-dosage aphezulu);
- IAnagrelide;
- i-phosphorus kunye nabanye.
Ukuba i-hematocrit iphezulu kuneyona evamile, inokuncitshiswa ngeendlela ezincinci:
- Nciphisa inani lokutya okunotye ngentsimbi kwisondlo.
- Ungabandakanyi iziyobisi kunye ne-caffeine, enezakhiwo ze-diuretic.
- Sebenzisa umthamo okhulayo wamanzi acocekileyo.
- Faka phakathi kwimenyu yemihla ngemihla yeedrafruit.
- Yenza umsebenzi owenziwe ngokulinganayo.
- Yeka ukutshaya.