Iimpawu zengqondo zengqondo zabantu zihlala zikhangele ingqalelo. Ngokungafani nabanye, bazibiza ngokuthi "iibhondi ze-bipolar." Yintoni le ngxaki yokuguquguquka kwe-bipolar - ukuguquka kweemvakalelo ukusuka kwintlambo ukuya kwintlango yokuphosa kwengqondo nomphefumlo weengcingo, iingcamango eziphathekayo, ukuziva ungenanto kunye nokungathembeki.
Yintoni i-disorder bipolar?
Bonke abantu banamaxesha aguqukayo , kodwa abanalo iqondo elithile lokunyaniseka kunye nokunyaniseka kwemvakalelo, uphawu lwabantu abanesifo sengqondo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. I-Affective ithi - ukuguquka kwemizwelo rhoqo kunokurhoxisa inkqubo yesifo kunye nokuzisa umntu ukuzibulala. Ingxaki ye-bipolar yintlungu engqondweni, eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-psychiatry manic-depress psychosis. Kwinguqulo yeklasiki, ezi zigaba ezimbini ezihambayo: i-manic kunye nexinezelekileyo, nganye inokuhlala kunye neminyaka embalwa.
I-bipolar disorder - izizathu
Ekubuntwaneni kunzima ukuxilonga, nangona kunjalo, isifo sifumaneka kwi-2% yabantwana kunye nabaselula. I-frequency ephezulu yokufumanisa isifo esiyintloko (50%) iwela kwiminyaka engama-21 ukuya ku-55. I-bipolar disorder ye-psyche iyisifo esingapheliyo, izizathu ezingabonakali ngokupheleleyo kwaye zihlanganiswe kwizinto ezininzi:
- i-genetic predisposition (80%). Kunzima kakhulu ukufumanisa ezi galethi ezithumelayo, kuba ngokuqhelekileyo zidibeneyo zemizimba yoluntu, zidibanisene nezinye izinto ezidlulileyo;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo: ukungalingani kwimveliso ye-neurotransmitters (i-dopamine, i-serotonin, i-noradrenaline);
- ukungalingani kwemimoni;
- Iimpembelelo zendalo (20%): ukukhawuleza ukunyamezela, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweengqondo, iingxaki ze-psychotropic (utywala, iziyobisi, amayeza);
- Abazali abaneminyaka engama-70 ubudala banokuba nabantwana abanesifo esibangelwa yi-bipolar disorder;
- i-etiology engaziwayo yesi sifo. Ingxaki ye-bipolar yinto efana nesifo, izazinzulu zifumanisa izinto ezintsha ukuze zithole unyango olungakumbi.
Ngaba isifo se-bipolar sizuze ilifa?
Izibalo zibonisa ukuba abantu abaneengxaki zokuguquka kwengqondo, xa befunda imbali yentsapho ngugqirha, banesibini esondeleyo kwiimeko ezingama-50% eziye zafunyaniswa ukuba zinesifo sengqondo esicindezelayo . Ekufundeni kwamawele, kwaqinisekiswa ukuba ukuba umntu unesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, isibonakaliso sesibini esibonakalayo sesifo sanda kuma-70%. Ukuphazamiseka kwemizi yokujikeleza komjikelezo wokulala, ukuphazamiseka kwengxaki, ezinye iziphazamiso ezichaphazelekayo kunye nempawu zengqondo nazo zingabangela inkqubela ekuphuhliseni ukudandatheka okuqhubekayo kwintlobo.
I-bipolar disorder - iimpawu
Ubonakaliso obuqhelekileyo: ngokukhawuleza ukutshintsha kwisigaba sokuphila se-mania kunye nokudandatheka. Ubungakanani bexesha "elikhanyayo" phakathi kwezigaba ngumntu ngamnye, lingaphelela kwiminyaka emininzi. I-Mania isigaba esicacisiwe seburhulumenteni, imeko evuyisayo kwaye ikhulise ithemba. Ngokuqhelekileyo iphela ngokubuyela komntu kwisizwe esivamile kunye nesinye isithintelo. Ixesha lokudandatheka lingahlala ixesha elide kune-mania kwaye lenzeke ngokuphindaphindiweyo, lukhupha kakhulu. Iimpawu zengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwi-manic phase:
- ukunyamezela, imimoya ephakamileyo, iimvakalelo zihamba zasendle, uthando olukhulu ngabantu kunye nehlabathi livuse, i-megalomania;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqalelo, kunzima ukugxila;
- intetho yokukhawuleza, kwintetho inxungupheko esuka kwisihloko esisodwa ukuya kwesinye, ngoko kungabikho kokuthetha;
- ukuvakalelwa kwabo, ukubandakanya kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo eziyingozi (iziyobisi, ukuhamba ngeeves);
- izifo zokulala;
- ukukhula kwengqondo engqondweni, ukugonywa;
- ukwandiswa kwezesondo.
Izimpawu zesigaba esichukumisayo:
- ubude obude buhlungu, ukudabuka, ukuxhalabisa;
- ukuphazamiseka okanye ukwanda kwesidlo;
- ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, ukunciphisa amandla, ukunyaniseka;
- ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwimisebenzi eyayidla ngokuzonwabisa;
- kulala;
- iingcamango ezingenakunzima;
- "Hlenga" ngokujonga kwelinye iphuzu, ukulahlekelwa ingqondo yexesha, iingcamango zokufa, iinzame zokuzibulala.
Iintlobo zeengxaki ze-bipolar
Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo kwisitho sesifo, kukho ezimbini iindidi eziphambili. Uhlobo lwe-bipolar uhlobo lwe-disorder I-luhlobo lweklasi kwaye lubonisa ubuncinane ukuhlasela komntu omnye, ukutshintsha kunye noxinzelelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kumadoda. I-bipolar disective disorder ye-Type II kukuhlaselwa okudandathekileyo (enye okanye ngaphezulu), ilandelwa yi-hypomania. Ngokwezibalo, abafazi banokuchaphazeleka. I-Cyclotymia - hypomania kunye nokudakumba komzimba, kuqhubeka ngokulula ngaphezu kweentlobo ze-I ne-II.
Izigaba zeengxaki ze-bipolar
Utshintsho lwesigaba kwiingxaki ze-bipolar luguquke kakhulu, lesi sifo asiqhelanga kaninzi ngokucwangcisa i-scheme classic. Nge-syndrome-depression syndrome, isiqalo siqala ngesigaba semania kwaye sinokude kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezine. Isiqwithi esixinezelekileyo sinokuhlala kwiinyanga ezilisibhozo. Ukuxolelwa phakathi kwamanqanaba kunciphisa ngexesha. Iingqondo zichaza ezinye izigaba zesifundo sesi sifo:
- i-monophases (i-periodic mania / ukudandatheka kwangaphambili);
- ifom ye-circulatory - isigaba se-"gca" sisekhoyo;
- ifom ephindwe kabini - emva kwemijikelezo emibini ukungena kusungulwe.
I-bipolar disorder - imiphumela
Xa isifo sisilinganiswa, zonke iindawo zobomi bomntu ziya kutshintshwa. Usapho luyehla, ubudlelwane obuhle. Ubomi kunye nengxaki yokuguquguquka kwe-bipolar rhoqo kwenza utshintsho kwizicwangciso nemisebenzi yesigulane, izalamane kunye nabantu abasondeleyo. Ngexesha lesigaba somntu, umntu unako ukukhawuleza, ukwenza izinto ezingenakukwazi ukulawula. Uqala ukulahlekelwa yimali, ukungena kwiintlobano zesini zesondo, ukuyeka umsebenzi wakhe. Kwiqendu elidandathekileyo, amandla okusebenza ayancipha, ingozi enkulu yokuzibulala ngokwenene.
Ungaphila umntu onentsholongwane ye-bipolar?
Isinyathelo sokuqala sithatha esi sifo. I-bipolar disorder yiyona nto imele umntu, yayazi kuphela. Ngaphandle kokuncedisa unyango olwaneleyo kubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa umnqweno wokuphucula ubomi babo nokuxhasa abo bathandekayo kubalulekile ekubonakaliseni iimpawu kunye nokunyuka kwamaxesha "okukhanya". Imodi echanekileyo "yokuphuza ukulala", ukulahlwa kwezilungo, ukutya okunempilo nokuzonwabisa kwimidlalo yakho eyintandokazi kwindlela yokukhupha - unceda ukugcina ingqondo efanelekileyo. Ukufunda amabali abantu, ukuthetha nalabo abathintela ukugula kwabo - bashukunyiswa ukuba baphumelele.
Indlela yokuphatha ingxaki ye-bipolar?
Esi sifo sinakho ukulungiswa kwonyango, ngamanye amaxesha siphiliswa ngokupheleleyo. Yintoni i-disorder bipolar kwaye iphathwa njani? Ugqirha wengqondo uyaqokelela ngokucophelela i-anamnesis yesigulane, ufunde imbali yentsapho yayo, iqhuba iimvavanyo. Ukuqinisekiswa kokuxilongwa kuhambelana nokukhethwa kweziyobisi kuxhomekeke kwisigaba kunye nobuqili bekhosi, ukunyamezela komntu.
I-bipolar disorder disorder iphathwa ngoluhlu oluninzi lweyeza. Iingxaki zokuxhatshazwa zisetyenziselwa kwisigaba sokudandatheka. Kwi-manic - neuroleptics, antipsychotics, i-anticonvulsants. Ukuze uvumele ukuguqulwa ukuhlakulela (ukususa isigulane kwimeko echaseneyo), izimo zokuqiniswa kwemimoya (normotimics), i-serotonin i-reuptake inhibitors ekhethiweyo inqunyelwe kwisiphi na isigaba.
I-bipolar disorder - ngubani osebenza naye?
Ukuzaliseka kwentlalo kunye nempumelelo, vumela abantu ukuba bazive bebalulekile. I-bipolar affective personality disorder iquka ezinye izithintelo ekukhetheni umsebenzi. Oku akuthethi ukuba umntu akanako ukuba ngumphathi oqeqeshekileyo kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi okhethiweyo nguye. Umsebenzi okhuphisanayo kunye nohambo oluqhelekileyo lwezoshishino, ebusuku.
I-bipolar disorder kunye nobuchule
Izakhono zobugcisa zibonisa ukuba ayinqanaba eliqhelekileyo kunye nokuqala kokucinga, imbono eyahlukileyo yehlabathi. Uphando lwezifo zengqondo ngezenzululwazi, ukuqinisekisile ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kokudala kunye nokungaziphambuki ezithile kwi-psyche. I-bipolar disorder phakathi kwabaculi, abadlali, abaculi, abalobi bekhulu lokugqibela bafumaneka ngeetalela zabo, i-autobiographies, iimemori zabathandekayo, ezichazwe kwiincwadi.
Abadumi abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo
Kukho uluvo lokuba isigaba samanxeba sengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ephosakeleyo (hypomania) sishukumisayo sokwakha. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, eso sifo siqhelekileyo phakathi kwabantu bokudala. Ingxaki ye-bipolar kubantu abaziwayo:
- I-bipolar disorder - iDemi Lovato . Umculi usandul 'ukuthetha ngesifo. Iqela livume ukuba kwisigaba somntu angabhala iingoma ezimbalwa ngobusuku.
- Ingxaki ye-bipolar nguCatherine Ceta-Jones . Inkwenkwezi yavuma ngesifo, ukuze kuncede abanye bazive bekhululeke ukudibanisa neengcali ukuze bancede.
- I-bipolar disorder nguMarilyn Monroe . I-Kinodiv yenkulungwane yokugqibela ihlupheke ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokulala, ukuvutha komsindo kunye nomsindo. Wazama ukuzibulala.
- I-Britney Spears - i-bipolar disorder . Umculi uyaziwayo ngenxa ye-antics ekhwabanisayo, ekhutshwe ngotywala kunye neziyobisi.
- I-Ruby Rose - ingxaki ye-bipolar . Imodeli yase-Australia yokungqinelana kwendabuko.
- I-bipolar disorder - Vivien Leigh . Emva kokukhulelwa okungapheliyo, kunye nexesha elide lokwelashwa kwesifo sofuba, umdlali wezandla wagxininiswa, walandelwa ukuphazamiseka komonakalo.
- UVan Gogh - ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo . Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kwakuchukumisa i-psychosis, ngenxa yoko, umculi wazibulala.
Demi Lovato
Catherine Ceta-Jones
UMarilyn Monroe
Britney Spears
Ruby Rose
Vivien Leigh
UVincent van Gogh