Emuva esikolweni, saxelelwa ukuba ukuzalwa kobomi obutsha kwenzeka ngenxa yentlanganiso ye-ovum kunye nesidoda. Ngoko ke, imisebenzi yeqanda ebomini yowesifazane ngamnye kunzima ukuphazamisa. Kubangelwa ubuninzi kunye nomgangatho wamaqanda ukuba impilo yokuzala yabesifazane ixhomekeke.
Iphi iqanda iqanda?
Iiseli ze-egg zenziwe kwiifollic ovarian. Ama-ovari anesigxina esingaphantsi kwesigxina esiswini: esinye sisesandleni sokunene kwaye esinye sisekhohlo lasekhohlo. Iifollicle ifomu kuma-ovari we ntombazana esiswini, kwaye ngexesha lokuzalwa, inani labo li-1.5 million. Ngethuba lobomi, inani lamaqanda alizalwanga, kodwa, ngokuchaseneyo, liyancitshiswa rhoqo.
Oogenesis
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweqanda ibizwa ngokuthi i-oogenesis. I-Oogenesis ingahlukaniswa zibe zigaba ezintathu:
- Ukuzaliswa kwee-follicle (kwenzeka xa intombazana isesisu somama).
- Ukukhula kobugqwetha (ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya ekufikeni ubusuku).
- Ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda (ukuqala ngobutsheni).
Kwinqanaba lokuhluthwa kufuneka kuxoxwe ngokubanzi. Uphuhliso lweqanda luqala ngosuku lokuqala lwenyanga, xa luhlala lujikelezwe yintolishi. Ekuqaleni, ubungakanani bentolisi bu malunga ne-1-2 millimeters. Kwifomu ekhulileyo, ubungakanani beqanda kwi-follicle sele sele li-20 millimitha. Malunga nomhla we-14 womjikelezo, iivumba zivuthwa. Umzuzu apho iqanda lishiya ulandelelwano. Emva koko, uqala ukuhamba ecaleni kwiphubhu ye-fallopian ukuya kwisidoda. Inkqubo yokukhululwa kweqanda ibizwa ngokuba yi-ovulation.
Ubunzima be-ovule emva kwe-ovulation alikho iiyure ezingama-24, kunye nokudlula apho amathuba okuchumisa ahlala ehla. Ukuba ukuchumisa akunakwenzeka, iqanda lifa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngexesha lomjikelezo ngamnye, umfazi ufumana iqanda elinye ngalinye.
Indlela yokuphucula umgangatho weqanda?
Ngelishwa, lo mbuzo uvame ukubuzwa ungaphendulwa. Njengomthetho, akunakwenzeka ukuphucula umgangatho weeqanda, into ephambili kukuqinisekisa ukuba lo mgangatho awuyi kuhlahloka. Emva koko, amaqanda amabhinqa akhona emzimbeni wakhe bonke ubomi bakhe, apho bachaphazelekayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwabo - uxinzelelo, ukuziphatha okubi, imikhwa emibi njalo njalo.
Ukuze kungabikho ukuphazamiseka komgangatho weeqanda zeqanda lomfazi, kufuneka ukuba:
- ukukhokela indlela efanelekileyo yokuphila, ukukhuphela imikhwa emibi;
- ukuphepha iimeko ezixinzelelekileyo;
- ukutya ngokufanelekileyo.