Into ebalulekileyo yamanqanda kwintombazana yintollicle, equle iqanda. Ejikelezileyo zimbini zeepithelial kunye neendlela ezimbini zegobolondo edibeneyo.
Iifolumu kwiiyunithi - eziqhelekileyo
Isitoreji esilandelayo se-ovaries yamabhinqa sibekwe ngexesha lokuzalwa, ngeli xesha likhona malunga namawaka angama-400 ukuya kwi-2 yezigidi. Ngaphambi kobutshintsho kwii-ovari zizinto eziphambili ze-follicles, ubungakanani bazo - ukuya kuma-microns angama-200, ziqulethe ii-oocytes zowoku-1, uphuhliso oluye lwashiya kwi-1 ye-meiosis yeprophase.
Ukususela ekuzalweni kwentombazana ukuya kwiminyaka yobutsha, ukukhula komzimba kwimiba engeyiyo, kwaye kuphela ngexesha lophuhliso lwezocwangciso luqala ukukhula kwee-follicle, kwaye ngaphandle kwazo kuphuma ii-ovules zokuqala. Inani lezintlu kwiiyunithi zentombazana nganye zihlukile, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo umgangatho wazo ekuqaleni kobuntwaba malunga namawaka angama-300.
Iifayili zengxelo ze-ovari: iifollic
I-follicle nganye ye-ovari ngaphambi kokukhululwa kweqanda, idlula ezi zigaba zilandelayo zophuhliso:
- I-follicle ephambili equkethe iqanda elincinci kwi-epithelium yecalali, ejikeleze apho kukho iigobolondo ezivela kwiisisombululo. Umjikelezo ngamnye wesisombululo uqala ukukhula ngaphezulu kwee-follicle (ukususela ku-3 ukuya ku-30), apho ama-ovari ayenze iifollic preantral.
- Iipollicle zaseprayimari (preantral) zikhula, i-oocyte yazo ijikelezwe ngumlenze, kunye nakwiiseli ze-epithelium, i-estrogens iqala ukuhlanganiswa.
- Iifolulundi ezisesekondari (antral) ziqala ukuveliswa kobutyebi bomnxeba kwisithuba se-intercellular esine-estrogens kunye ne-androgens.
- I-tertiary (preovulatory) follicles: ukusuka kwinani elikhulu le-follicle yesibini, enye iyaba yinto ephezulu, ubungakanani bomnxeba okhulayo kuyo kwandisa ngamaxesha angama-100 ngelixesha lokuphuhliswa, kwaye ubukhulu beemitha-mitha ezilikhulu zikhula ukuya kwi-20 mm. Iqanda lifumaneka kwi-tubercle ephethe amaqanda, kwaye kwimeko yamanzi, ubukhulu be-estrogens bunyukisiwe, i-follicle yesibini esele iphezulu.
I-Ultrasound ye-follicles ngexesha lokuphuhlisa
Ukufumanisa ukukhula kobugqwetha kwi-ovary ngexesha lomjikelezo wesini, i-ultrasound yenziwa ngeentsuku ezithile. Kuze kube ngumhla wesi-7 womjikelezo, iifolli ziphantse zizinqunywe, kodwa ngomhla we-7 ukuya kweye-9 ukukhula kobugcisa besibini kwiiyunithi kuqala. Ezi zi-follicles ezincinci kunye nobukhulu bazo zingafikelela kwi-4-8 mm. Iifolli ezininzi ezininzi kwiiyunithi ezincinci ngeli xesha zingabonisa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-ovari, ukusetyenziswa kwemithi yokukhusela, kunye nokuphulwa kwemvelaphi ye-hormones emzimbeni (ukunciphisa kwinqanaba le-LH).
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngomhla we-7 ukuya kweye-9 kwi-ovary kukho ezimbalwa iifolli ezikhula, kwaye kwixesha elizayo, esinye isilandela esilandelayo kwi-ovary enye siyaqhubeka sikhula, nangona ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa kwe-ovary yesibili iqulethe iifolumu zesekondari. I-follicle ephezulu kwi-ultrasound ibonakala njengeesetyhula eyenziwe ngendlela engama-20 mm ngobukhulu. Ukungabikho kwamathambo angama-ovari kwimijikelezo emininzi kunokuba ngumqondiso wokungabikho kwabantwana abasetyhini.
Iimbangela zokuphuculwa kwentambo engavamile, ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kwezifo
Iifolumu kwii-ovari zingenakukhula nakakhulu, musa ukukhula ukuya kwisilinganisi esifanelekileyo, i-ovulation ayinakwenzeka, kwaye ngenxa yoko,
Ukucacisa isizathu sokungaqhelekanga ekuphuhlisweni kwee-follicles, kungekhona nje kuphela i-ultrasound echanekileyo, kodwa kwakhona ukuzimisela kwinqanaba le-hormone yesondo kwintombi. Ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lama-hormone egazini kwiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zomjikelezo, umgulane wezilwanyana ugunyazisa izidakamizwa ezixinzezelayo okanye ezikhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-tez okanye ezinye i-hormone, unyango kunye nama-hormone wesini, kwaye, ukuba kunyanzelekile, unyango oluphambili.