Indlela yokuhlola i-ultrasound iyaziwa ngabantu bonke. Kukuvumela ukukhawuleza ukuchonga izizathu zeempawu ezithile kunye nezikhalazo, ukuvavanya imeko yezitho zangaphakathi kunye neenkqubo. Izigulane ezininzi zinomdla kwizinto ezibonisa i-ultrasound yeempahla zentloko nentamo kunye nokuba yintoni indlela efana nayo yokuphanda iboniswe ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukongezelela, kunzima ukuqonda imigaqo esetyenziswe kule hlobo lokuxilongwa.
Ziziphi iinjongo ze-ultrasound yeempahla ze-brachiocephalic zentloko nentamo esetyenzisiweyo?
Ukuqonda intsingiselo yolu cwaningo ngokubhekisele kumbuzo, umntu kufuneka abe neengcamango zokunikezelwa kwegazi kwingqondo. Imithambo ye-Brachiocephalic yizona nqanawa eziphambili, ezona "zizothutho" eziphambili ze-biological fluid kunye ne-oksijeni kwiimfucu. Ingqondo ihlinzekwa ngegazi ngenxa yokungabikho komzimba kunye nemithambo ye-vertebral, kunye kunye nemithanjeni engathandabuzekiyo, kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana. Uninzi lweempahla alukho kuphela kwintayi, kodwa nasentanyeni.
Ngaloo ndlela, uhlobo oluchongiweyo lwe-ultrasound luphando oluyimfuneko xa kukho ukuxolisa kwi-pathology of circulation cerebral.
Iinkcazo zeli cwangciso lokuxilonga:
- intloko;
- ingxolo ezindlebeni ;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqalelo, imemori kunye nokukwazi ukugxininisa;
- ukungcola;
- ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo;
- ukungabonakali;
- kulala;
- ukugada kwamalungu , ukukhanya;
- shaky.
Yintoni enokubonwa kwi-ultrasound yeenqanawa ezinkulu ezisentloko nentamo?
Ngethuba le nkqubo, ugqirha uvavanya iiparitha zokuxilonga zeemitha zegazi:
- Ukungahambi;
- imeko kunye ne-elasticity yeendonga;
- ububanzi be-lumen;
- kwinqanaba le-anatomic trajectory;
- imeko yesikhumba esiseduze;
- isantya kunye nomzekelo wokuhamba kwegazi;
- intloni.
Izikhombisi ezidwelisweyo ziyimfuneko kwi-decoding elandelayo ye-ultrasound yeempahla zentloko nentamo. Ngenxa yokuthelekiswa kwedatha efunyenweyo kunye nemigangatho, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuchaneke ngokuchanekileyo ukuphazamiseka kwemiphumo yeentlobo ze-arterium, izifo ze-vascular system, ubukhulu, ubuninzi kunye nobuninzi be-cholesterol plaques, iqondo le-atherosclerosis. Ugqirha owaziyo emva kwe-ultrasound angakwazi ukubona nayiphi na intsholongwane yeempahla, ezikhupha ukunciphisa umthamo wegazi elingenayo kwingqondo.
Njani i-ultrasound yeempahla zentloko nentamo eyenziwe?
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ubugcisa bezobugcisa buchazwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokuthi ukukhishwa kwe-duplex, kuba ihamba kwizigaba ezi-2:
- I-ultrasound kwimodi ye-B emibini. Kule nqanaba, imithwalo ye-extracranial kuphela kunye neetriyri (i-carotid, vertebral, jugular) iqwalaselwa. Eli nqanaba liyimfuneko yokuvavanya ngokufanelekileyo isakhiwo semithambo yegazi, kwakunye neendawo ezizungezile kunye nama-soft tissue.
- I-Transcranial ultrasound okanye i-transcranial dopplerography. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba uhlolisise yonke imithwalo yegazi ye-carotid kunye ne-vertebrobasilar ibhasi ngaphakathi kwekhayi. Ukongezelela kwizibonakaliso ezisisiseko zokusebenza kwemithambo kunye nemivilini, i-transcranial dopplerography inikezela ngolwazi malunga nesimo kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwegazi.
Izigaba ezichazwe kufuneka zenziwe ngendlela enzima. Ukukhetha uhlobo oluthile lophando aluyi kunika ugqirha ngolwazi olwaneleyo ukuseka ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo.
Inkqubo ngokwayo iyenziwa ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwangaphambili kwaye iqulethe oku kulandelayo:
- Isigulana sisusa iingubo kunye neeseyile ezisuka entloko nasentanyeni.
- Ijel ekhethekileyo ye-ultrasound isetyenziswe kwesikhumba.
- Ingcali yimizuzu engama-30-45 yokuqala ihlola iimpahla zentamo, ize iqhube ishukumisi kwisithili sexesha, ngaphaya kwesigxina se-zygomatic.
- Ukubhaliswa kwedatha efunyenweyo kwiphepha le-thermal kwaye ngokubhala.
- Ukuphela kokuskena kwe-duplex, ukususwa kweelali ezisele.
Isiphetho, njengomyalo, sinikezelwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphuma kwe-ultrasound.