Uxinzelelo lwe-intracranial kwiintsana

Abazali abaninzi bajamelana nengxaki enjalo njengengcinezelo yengcinezelo kwiintsana (ICPs). Elizweni lethu wonke umama wesibini, othembela kwi-neuropathologists yabantwana, ukholelwa ukuba umntwana wakhe unyukile. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle, ukuxilongwa okunjalo kwenziwa kaninzi kangako. Oku kuchazwa ngento yokuba:

Okokuqala, isantya soxinzelelo lwe-intracranial kwiintsana asinakunyaniseka. Ngokutsho kwezonyango ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ingaba yi-80/140 mm yamakholam yamanzi, kunye no-60/200 kwiiyunithi ezifanayo zokulinganisa.
Okwesibini, imimiselo engentla ifakwe kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuhlala kwaye ziphumla. Nangona kunjalo, iintsana ekutyunjweni kukagqirha zihlala zingenasiphelo, okwenza ukuba imilinganiselo ingalungile.
Okwesithathu, naphezu kwayo yonke inkqubela epilini, akukho sixhobo sokulinganisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwentloko yesana esasungulwa. Indlela ethembekileyo kuphela yokulinganisa ukufaka inaliti kuma-ventricles yengqondo okanye kumgca wokugcwala umthamo womlinganiselo olandelelweyo woxinzelelo lwe-fluid usebenzisa i-manometer. Imbango yabantwana abangenayo i-fontanelle, eyenza sikwazi ukusebenzisa ubuchule bokuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound ukucacisa i-ICP.

Ngaloo ndlela, ngokuqhelekileyo ukufakwa kwesi sigxina kuphela ngesiseko sembali ye-anamnesis ayilunganga kwaye ayichanekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuxilongwa kukungaxilanga, ngaba abazali kufuneka banamathele umntwana wabo.

Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwe-intracranial kwiintsana

Uninzi lweempawu ze-ICP alukho kuphela kwizigulane, kodwa nakwabantwana abasempilo. Ezi zibonakaliso ziquka:

uxhalaba;
ukuphatha ukuthuthumela kunye nemilenze yengane;
ukukhala;
i-strabismus (nangona i-strabismus encinci ibhekwa njengesiganeko somzimba);
ukukhutshwa kwefonti enkulu;
uphawu lokugqithisa amehlo;
Ukukhula kwentloko ngokukhawuleza;
ukungafani kweemigangatho zekhayi;
hypertonia muscular;
Ukuhluthwa ngokukhawuleza kwezibambo ezilandelwayo ukulandelwa kwazo esifubeni.

Ukuba iimpawu eziliqela zigcinwa kanyekanye, kubalulekile ukudibana nodokotela.

Izizathu zokunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo kwiintsana

Ukunyuka kwengcinezelo engaphantsi kwintsana kubangelwa ngenxa yokugqithisa kwe-cerebrospinal fluid-cerebrospinal fluid ejikelezayo entanjeni yomlenze kunye nengqondo. Utywala udala uxinzelelo olugqithiseleyo kwingqondo, engayingozi kwimpilo yengane. I-ICP idla ngokuphindaphinda emva kokuzalwa okunzima (iintambo zentambo yomlomo, abasebenzi bexesha elide) kunye nokukhulelwa okunzima (i-toxicosis, i-hypoxia, ukuphazamiseka kwe-placental ).

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba i-ICP ayisisifo, kodwa isifo esiqhelekileyo esibonisa ubukho bezifo ezithile. Ingaba i-hydrocephalus (ukunyanzeliswa kwengqondo ngochumano oluqokelelwa kwikribri kwaye ingaqhutyanga kwi-volume efanelekileyo), i-meningitis, i-tumor ye-brain, ukulimala kwentloko.

Unyango lweengcinezelo zengcinezelo ezinganeni

Okwangoku, oogqirha bazama ukungasebenzisi amayeza ukuphatha i-ICP ephakamileyo. Indlela yokubonelela ukulungiswa kwemvelo iyasebenza. Ukwenza oku, oomama banconywa ixesha elide ukunyusa umntwana kunye nebele, ukusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo ngokomzwelo nomntwana, ukugcina indlela yokulala nokuvuka, ukuhamba ngaphezulu emoyeni.

Kwamanye amaxesha i-diuretics (i-diuretics), i-sedatives, iivithamini, kunye neziyobisi zamathambo, eziphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi kwengqondo, zisasetyenziswa. Iintsana ezininzi zinconywa ukusilalisa umzimba ngokubanzi, ukuguqula umzimba nokubhukuda. Xa ukwanda kwe-ICP kubangelwa ukuphulwa kwe-anatomy, abantwana banokusetyenziswa ukubuyisela ukuphuma kotywala.