Ukungaphumeleli ekuphuhlisweni kweenyawo kunama-40% abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-4.5-5 iminyaka. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantwana bafumaneka benokukhubazeka kwe-valgus. Ngaloo ntsholongwane, iinyawo zentsana zithe cwaka kwaye zibonakala ziwela. Amacala angaphandle aphakanyisiwe. Ukuba ubheka imilenze yomntwana evela phezulu, bakha ileta X.
UValgus unyawo olunezinyathelo ezingabonakaliyo ebantwini - ezibangela
Oku kuphambuka kwenzeka ngenxa yegigaments ephuculweyo ephucukileyo kwiindawo ezinyaweni. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lobunzima bomzimba abayifumeneyo, amathambo ayafuduka aze aguqulwe. Inyawo likaValgus emntwini yenziwe ngezizathu ezininzi, eziye zahlula ngokwahlukileyo ngamaqela amabini:
- kuzalwa;
- fu maneka.
Ukuchithwa kwe-valgus ye Congenital of foot
Ingxaki ikhula ngexesha lokubunjwa kwe-intrauterine yemilenze yesisu. Unyawo lwe-Flat-valgus lwenzeka ngenxa yendawo engafanelekanga kunye nokukhula kwamathambo. Ngaphantsi kaninzi, igosa ngokusesikweni semonakalo ye-intrauterine kunye nedysplasia ehlangeneyo. Uluhlu lweValgus lweenyawo kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa lufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa okanye ngeenyanga zokuqala zobomi bomntwana. Kule nqanaba kulula ukulungelelanisa umlo weenyawo, ubuyisele ubude bayo kunye nokulungiswa okuchanekileyo.
Inkcazelo yokufumana iinyawo
Olu hlobo lwesifo luvela kwizinto zangaphandle ezichaphazela i-musculoskelet system. Okokuqala, ukukhubazeka kwe-valgus kubantwana akubonakali kakhulu. Impawu ezibonakalisiweyo zengxaki ziyabonwa kwiinyanga ezili-10-12, xa umntwana ezama ukuhamba yedwa. Ukuma kwe-flat-valgus kumntwana wohlobo olufunyenweyo lukhula ngezi zizathu zilandelayo:
- kokuqala ;
- ubuthathaka bezicubu ezinxulumene;
- izifo ezikhuselekileyo, zidluliselwe ebusheni (i- bronchitis , i-pneumonia, i-SARS kunye nabanye);
- ukungondleki komzimba kwemizimba;
- iiplanga ;
- myodystrophy;
- poliomyelitis ;
- ukukhubazeka kwesiberebhu;
- polyneuropathy;
- ukulimala komatshini kunye nokuqhekeka kwezitho kunye neengubo ezinde ixesha elide;
- ukunyanya;
- Ngethuba elidala ukubeka umntwana kwimilenze, iinzame zokuqala ukumfundisa ukuba ahambe;
- ukukhetha okungafanelekanga kwezihlangu;
- ukuhamba okuphantsi;
- ukungakwazi kwe-calcium emzimbeni;
- ukutya okunokulinganisela, okuncinci;
- izifo ze-endocrine.
Iimpawu zeenyawo zegrougus kubantwana
Iimpawu zokuqala zokuphazamiseka ezichazweyo zibonakala ziphantse kunyaka wokuqala wobomi bomntwana. Abazali bayaqaphela ukuba umntwana xa ehamba akaxhomeki kuyo yonke inyawo, kodwa kuphela kwinqanaba langaphakathi. Ukwahlukana kweenyawo eziguqulwe kwimilenze ephilileyo kuboniswa ngokucacileyo kwisithombe esingezantsi. Iimpawu zentsholongwane zixhomekeke kwisilinganiselo se-valgus deformation yeenyawo kubantwana:
- Isigaba esilula sichazwa ngokucwangcisa imilenze ngaphandle kokuwa kweenyawo. I-angle yokuchithwa kwamagqabini ukusuka kumgca ochanekileyo kwi-intendelezo kwisithende ifike kwi-degrees ezili-15.
- Ukuguqulwa kukaValgus kwinqanaba kubantwana bexinzelelo ngokulinganayo kuhamba kunye nokucwangciswa kweenyawo, kodwa zihlala ngaphakathi ngaphakathi ngama-15-20 degrees.
- Isigulane esinzima sesi sifo sidibanisa inyawo elityebileyo kunye nekona elikhulu lokungcoliswa kweengqumbo - i-20-30 degrees.
- Isigaba esinzima kakhulu sibonakaliswa ngophawu oluqinileyo lweentsika. Isangqa lingaphezulu kwama-degrees angama-30.
Izibonakaliso ezingabonakaliyo zophuhliso:
- ukukhawuleza, ukunyamezela;
- ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokudlala kunye nemidlalo esebenzayo;
- iimvakalelo ezingathandekiyo kummandla weempawu;
- ukuqonda, ukucaphuka komntwana.
UValgus ukukhubazeka kweenyawo kubantwana - unyango
Iindlela zonyango zikhethwe ngabanye ngabantwana ngamnye ngokuhambelana nesantya se-pathology. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokulungisa ukukhubazeka kweeplati-valgus ezinyaweni kubantwana - unyango lunokuqhutywa ngamanyathelo angagqirha kunye nokusebenza. Kwimeko yokuqala, unyango luquka ukugqoka izibilini ezizodwa kunye nezicathulo, ukuhlalisa umzimba, unyango lomzimba. Ingenelelo yokuphanda ingabonakaliyo (malunga ne-7% yabantwana), xa indlela yokusebenza ingasebenzi okanye isifo sifumaneka sele sisesigabeni esinzima.
Izicathulo ze-Orthopedic kubantwana abanokukhubazeka kwe-valgus
Iingubo kunye nezicathulo kumntwana onenkathazo ephantsi kwengqwalasela zenziwa kuphela ukulandelwa. Izicathulo ze-Orthopediki ezinokukhubazeka kwe-valgus zenziwa ngumntu ngamnye okanye umlinganiselo ochanekileyo, owenziwa ngugqirha. Akufuneki ukuthenga iimveliso ezinjalo ngokuzimeleyo. Ukuveliswa kwezicathulo kweembadada kwenziwa kwiiparitha eziqhelekileyo ezingahambelani kwinqanaba elithile lokuphambuka nokucwangciswa kweenyawo.
Ngokuncediswa kwelinye iqela leembadada okanye izicathulo, isitofu se-valgus ayilungiswanga kumntwana-unyango lubandakanya ukugqoka kwabo. Ukukhula kwemilenze kunye nokubuyiselwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwesimo sabo kudinga ukutshintshwa kwezicathulo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Awukwazi ukuyithenga ngekamva okanye ukugqoka ubuncinane. Izinzwane zomntwana kufuneka zizinze ngokukodwa kwicandelo elincinane le-shin, indawo yesithende ne-sock.
Ukufakwa kweenqwelo ezinyaweni ze-valgus kubantwana
Ezi zixhobo zenziwe, njengezicathulo, ngokuzimeleyo. Ukulungisa unyango lwe-valgus yonyawo uhamba kwiinqanaba eziliqela kunzima ukulula. Ubungakanani, ukuma kwe-insoles kunye nobukhulu benkxaso yesigxina kufuneka kukhethwe ngokuhambelana nesantya sokutshitshiswa kweenyawo ngalunye kunye ne-angle yokuphambuka kwayo. Ukunciphisa unyawo lwe-valgus kwinqanaba kubantwana kulungiswa ngokukhawuleza, kuya kuthatha ama-3-5 amabini amacebo acatshangwayo. Ngeemodareyitha eziqhelekileyo, kuyafuneka ukuba utshintshe isoleyile iminyaka emininzi.
Ukuhlambalaza nge-valgus deformities yonyawo kubantwana
Ulwaphulo lwencwadi ludlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kunyango lwezilwanyana. Inkqubo kufuneka yenziwe ngutitshala oqeqeshiwe. Abazali banokuzimela ngokuzimelela nge-valgus deformity kuphela emva koqeqesho kunye ne-manual therapist. Ukunyanzelisa kubandakanya ukusebenza kwiimisipha:
- buyela;
- sacrum kunye nesinqe;
- mathupha;
- ikhwelo;
- zikhanya;
- emacaleni emilenze.
Ngexesha lokuxilisa, ukunyuka kwezokwelapha ezihambelanayo zenziwa ngokufanayo. Ukuqhutywa kweenkqubo ngokufanelekileyo kugalelo:
- ukuphucula ukuqhutyelwa kwamathambo;
- ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhamba kweenyawo;
- ukuqiniswa kwe-corset ye-muscular;
- ukuphakamisa ithoni jikelele yomzimba.
Isitifiketi sokumisa ngeenyawo zegrougus kubantwana
Le ncedisi isetyenziswe njengonyango olusisigxina. Isixhobo sokuxhaswa sinceda:
- ulungele ukuphakama komlenze wonyawo;
- ukwanda kwegazi;
- ukwandisa ukuguquguquka nokuhamba kweenyawo;
- ukulahla ubuhlungu obukhulu xa uhamba kwaye uhamba.
Ubungakanani bezitenxo kunye neemboniso kwi-accessory kukhethwe ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka ye-crumb kunye nejubane apho i-flat-valgus deformation iyaqhubeka. Kwabantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu kungcono ukuthenga umbhoxo onamacandelo amancinci kunye amancinci, ahlala kufuphi. Umntwana omdala kunaloo nyaka unokucetyiswa ukuba asebenze kunye nomhlaba okhululekileyo kunye nezitenxo ezinkulu ezifanisa iigobolondo okanye amatye olwandle.
I-LFK eneenkukuma ze-valgus zenyawo kubantwana
Ukuzivocavoca kufuneka kunconywe ngumbuyiselwa okanye umlomo wezilwanyana ngokuhambelana nesantya sokukhubazeka, ubudala kunye nobuchule bomntwana. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba unyango oluphambili lwe-valgus deformity ngoncedo loqeqesho lwenyama luqhutywa phantsi kolawulo lweengcali. Ekhaya, unokwenza i-gymnastics elula, unikeza izifundo zebhokhwe kwifom edlalwayo. Ukuzivocavoca okulula kunye neentlungu ze-valgus kubantwana:
- ukuhamba ngamatye, iibhola ezincinci, i-rope ladder;
- ukubanjwa kwezinto ezincinci ngeenzwane zeenyawo-ipencil, i-handkerchief, imali-mali;
- ukugqitywa kwepini, ibhola;
- ukudweba ngezwane zakho;
- "I-Goose isinyathelo" - ukuhamba, ukukrazula;
- ukuhamba ngenkxaso kwicala langaphandle nangaphakathi leenyawo, kwizwane, ezithende;
- "Inkohlakalo" - umntwana uya ezandleni zakhe, abazali banamilenze;
- izikwere ezivela kwindawo yokuma (ngaphesheya) kwintonga yokuzivocavoca (inokuthi ithathelwe indawo yi-squeegee).
Uluhlu lweValgus lokusebenza kweenyawo
Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokungenelela ngononophelo luyiminyaka eyi-8-12. Umsebenzi utyunjwe ukuba ukukhubazeka kwiplati-valgus yonyawo olunzima kakhulu kunokuthi ufumaneke ngekhilomitha engaphezu kwama-30. Udokotela ogqirha ngabanye ukhetha iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela kunye nezincinci. Ukuguqulwa kwe-valgus yonyawo kubantwana kulungiswe ziintlobo zenkqubo:
- ukuqiniswa kwethenda ye-posterior tibial muscle;
- i-arthroesis yamacandelo;
- Ukwandiswa kwethenda ye-Achille;
- isicelo sezinyathelo zenyathelo lokulungisa zangaphandle.