Ukutshatyalaliswa komntwana kunokusabela kwi-external stimulus okanye uphawu lwesifo. Kubalulekile ukucacisa ngokucacileyo ukubuyiswa kwintlungu ngokuhlanza okubuhlungu kwintsana. Ngokuhlanza ngokufanelekileyo kubantwana, kuyimfuneko ukuseka isizathu, nangona kungekho zibonakaliso zezifo okanye ukulahleka kwesisindo. Nangona ukuba ukuhlanza kungabonwa njengesifo, indima ebalulekileyo idlalwe ngoncedo lokuqala kunye nokunyamekela umntwana.
Iimbangela zokuhlanza kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka elilodwa ubudala
Kwiintsana zokuqala zinyanga ezintathu zivame ukugqithwa ukuhlaziya - ukuhlanza okusebenzayo emva kokutya, kungekuhambisane nokuvakalelwa okubuhlungu kunye nokutshintsha kwimeko yomntwana. Efanelwe ngokukhawuleza kunye nokungabi nzima kwemigudu nomgudu womntwana ngexesha lokuhlanza. Inani elincinci lokutya elifunyenwe ngexesha lokutya lokugqibela lihlaziywa. Ukuphindaphinda kubangelwa ukugqithisa okanye ukungena kwomoya, kwaye ngenxa yezinto ezikhethiweyo zesakhiwo kunye nesisu seentsana. Ngokuhlanza okunjalo, kufuneka ujike intloko yomntwana, uhlambulule impumlo kunye nomlomo wokutya, ubambe kwindawo yokuma emva kokutya kwaye ngexesha lokulala. Xa ukuhlaziywa kwiintsana kufuneka kuhlolwe, ukuze umntwana anganyanzeli.
Ukuba umntwana omncinci uhlamba emva kokutya okunobungcola bubi, akukwenzeka emva kokutya konke kunye nexabiso elincinci, kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa kweso sifo nge-pylorospasm. Ukutshabalalisa i-bile emntwaneni kunokubonisa ukuphulwa kwepascreas, isibindi, gallbladder, okanye kuba neziphumo zokuphazamiseka kokutya.
Ukutshatyalaliswa komntwana emva kokutya, okwakubonakala eneminyaka engama-2 ukuya kwe-4, ebonakaliswa yimitha enkulu (ngaphezulu kudliwa), ukulahleka kwesisindo kunye nekhumba elomileyo, kunokubonisa kwakhona i-pyloric stenosis.
Ukuhlanza okusemgangathweni kumntwana ngaphandle kokushisa, okuhamba kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo okanye ezinye iinguqu ezintle, kunokubonisa ukuphulwa kwindlela yokutya okanye ibe uphawu lwezifo zesistim se-nervous.
Isizathu sokuhlanza okungapheli kubantwana ngokuqhelekileyo sisifo se-dysbiosis. Ukunikezela unyango olufanelekileyo, kuya kufuneka iimviwo ezizodwa.
Ukuvuthwa nokurhoxiswa komntwana kwindawo ephezulu yokushisa kungabangela isifo esithathelwanayo. Utyhefu lunokubangela ukuba uhudo kunye nokuhlanza umntwana.
Ukuba umntwana uhlamba ngaphandle komkhuhlane kwaye akukho zizathu ezicacileyo, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuba unamathele ukubaluleka kuwo. Ukuhlanza okunjalo kungabonakalisa isibonakaliso sokuqala kwesifo, ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha eliza kukunceda ukuphepha ukunyanga nokunyanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo imbangela yokuhlanza okungapheliyo kunye nesifo sohudo kumntwana sinokuba yi-helminths, ebangela ukuxhatshazwa komzimba. Izizathu ezincinci eziqhelekileyo zingathabatha imichiza, i-appendicitis ekhulayo, izifo zentathu, izifo ezihlambulukileyo, izifo ezibangelwa ngumzimba kunye nezinye izifo zamalungu angaphakathi.
Uncedo ekuhlanjuleni umntwana
Ukuhlanza okubuhlungu kubantwana ngokuqhelekileyo kulandelwa isicathulo, isisulu sezondlo, i-pallor, ukuxhalabisa, ukunyuka kwentliziyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ngaphezu kokuncediswa kokuqala, ukubonisana nochwepheshe kunye neemviwo kuyimfuneko.
Ngokutshatyalaliswa kwamathambo, okusoloko kuhamba kunye nokuhlanza, isifo sohudo kunye nomkhuhlane ophezulu, okokuqala kuyimfuneko ukulungelelanisa ukushisa komzimba.
Ukuba kukho iimpawu zetyhefu kubantwana abaneemichiza okanye imishanguzo, ukulaliswa kwezibhedlele ngokukhawulezileyo kunye nokuhlanjwa kwesisu kuyafuneka.
Xa kutyhelwa ukutya, ukuhlamba kunokwenziwa ekhaya. Ukwenza oku, vumela umntwana usele iilazi ezimbalwa ze-fluid kwaye ucinezele ngomunwe kwiingcambu zolwimi. Kwisilwanyana, unokongeza iipilisi okanye iipilisi ezenziwe ngekhabhoni (i-1-2 tablespoons nganye ilitha yamanzi). Ukuhlamba kwenziwa kuze kube yilapho amanzi ecocela kwizinto ezisiswini esiswini. Xa uqala ukuhlanza nokurhuda kumntwana, kucetyiswa ukuba uphuze amanzi kunye nokongezwa kwe-baking soda okanye ityuwa yetafile. I-1 ingilazi yamanzi yongeza i-soda kwi-tip yeela okanye i-0.5 teaspoon ityuwa. Ukuba umntwana akakwazi, ukuhlamba akufanele kwenziwe.
Ukuba umntwana waqala ukuhlamba ebusuku, musa ukushiya ungalindelanga, nangona ukuba uphuculwe kakuhle. Kwiimeko zokuhlanza kakhulu, umntwana usemngciphekweni wokudambiswa kwamanzi kunye nokuphazamiseka komzimba. Kodwa nakwiimeko ezinjalo akunakwenzeka ukunika i-antiemetics ngaphandle kokunconywa kwengcali kunye nokuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo.
Emva kokuhlanza, akufanele ukondle umntwana kwaye unike amanzi amaninzi xa umntwana engayifuni. Awunakusela ukukhusela ukuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiweyo kokuhlanza okutyhila umzimba. Inani elincinci lamanzi lingafumaneka emva kweeyure ezimbini. Ukuba ukuhlanza kungaphinde kwenzeke, emva kwemizuzu eyi-15 unganika amanzi angaphezulu. Ukuba umntwana akafuni ukusela, ke kungcono ukulinda. Unokondla kuphela xa usana
Unyango lokuhlanza okungapheli kubantwana, unokumiselwa kuphela ngugqirha emva kovavanyo olupheleleyo. Emva kwayo yonke imvavanyo efunekayo, ugqirha uya kuxilonga kwaye akuxelele ukuba ungayimisa njani ukuhlanza komntwana kule nkalo ethile. Umzimba owamkelekileyo womntwana unokuthi usebenze ngokuhlanza kwizinto ezahlukeneyo. Into ephambili kukuba kusekwe izizathu ngexesha kwaye ungavumi ukuba nezifo ezilula zihambe ngokwazo. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba umntwana ufumana onke amavithamini kunye nezondlo kwizinto zokutya, ungavumeli ukukhathala kunye neemeko ezixinzelelekileyo ezibangela izifo zentlungu.