Ukukhunjulwa kuyinto engavakaliyo, iindlela ezingabonakali ngokupheleleyo kubaphandi. Inkumbulo yabantu ikhethiweyo kwaye ayikhunjulwayo ezo ziganeko, izixhobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zemibala kwaye zinentsingiselo ebalulekileyo. Kodwa kubonakala ngathi: ixesha elide lidlulile kwaye yonke into ilibalekile ... kwaye ngokukhawuleza ifika engqondweni engalindelekanga kwaye ngokukhawuleza.
Yintoni ukukhumbula kwakhona?
Umntu ngamnye wadibana naloo nto njengememori engalindelekanga yeso siganeko esikulibalekile, umntwana ingoma okanye umxholo - ukukhumbula kwakhona (lat.reminiscentia - isikhumbuzo), imemori yexesha elide apho kulandelwa khona ulwazi oluqhubekayo lwengcaciso engenakucinywa kwaye ukhupha kwimemori ngethuba lexeshana.
Yintoni ukukhumbula ngokusesikweni kwengqondo?
Ukukhunjulwa kwengqondo kwisimo sengqondo kuyinto engummangaliso. UPierre Janet, ososayensi waseFransi oye wafunda le ngxaki, wafika kwisigqibo sokuba ukukhumbula okuthethileyo akuxhomekeke kwiziganeko zangaphandle kunye nezinto eziphindaphinda ngokuzenzekelayo izenzo. Iingcali zengqondo zikholelwa ukuba ukukhumbula kwakhona imemori yimeko eqhelekileyo ye-psyche: ngexesha lokugqithisa iziganeko ezivuya okanye ezixinzelelekileyo, iinkqubo zengqondo zomntu zixhomekeke ekuthintekeni, ngenxa yokugqithisa ngokweqile - oku kuyindlela yokukhusela yengqondo . Kwiimeko ezilandelayo zemibala enemibala ekhunjulwayo ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuchasana kunye nokuHlulwa kweMali - ukungafani
Iintetho kunye nokukhumbula okuqhelekileyo kufana neengcamango ezifanayo kwinqanaba leencwadi. I-Allusion yi "hint" okanye "ihlazo" ngokubhekiselele kwenye into yokubhala, kumbhali wesiganeko, kumntu othile. Izinto zezinto zonke zigxininiswe kuwo wonke umbhalo. Ngaphandle kolwazi lomthombo ekubhekiselele kuwo, ukufumana umyalezo kunzima ukuba umfundi aqonde. Ingcamango yokukhumbula ihluke ngokuchasene, ngokuba njalo ikhona "inkumbulo" engaziwayo, i-echo "yeencwadi zoncwadi", kanti i-insect is a reference, and clear reference to another source.
Iintlobo zokuzikhumbuza
Inkqalo yokukhumbula njengenkqubo ingabonwa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi, ubugcisa, ubomi bemihla ngemihla. Iintlobo ezidumileyo zokukhumbula:
- Imbali kunye nefilosofi . Umfilosofi wasendulo ongumGrike uPlato waqikelela ukuba zonke izinto ezijikelezayo kunye nezinto zihambelana kunye kwaye ngenxa yento enokukhumbula into yonke into. Naluphi na ulwazi ulumemori okanye ukhumbule. Ngomsebenzi wakhe othi "Phaedra" - uPlato uthi ukukhumbula kwakhona kufana nesakramente yokuqalisa kunye nendlela yokomoya.
- Ukukhumbula kwakhona . Izixhobo zobungqina bebhantshi kunye nemiphumo, into ekhangayo umbukeli kwi-cinema. Ukukhunjulwa kwi-cinema kuyindlela eqhelekileyo. Ingqwalasela yombukeli isithunyelwa kuyo nayiphi na imicimbi yeziganeko, ukubuyela kwixesha elidlulileyo, kusetyenziswe imisebenzi yobugcisa beentengiso ezinkulu, njengomfanekiso weL. Riefenstahl othi "Ukuphumelela koMnqweno", xa ufana nomdwebo kaK.one uboniswa: "iStrat yaseSt. ": Ukukhupha iiflegi, ngaphandle kokutyunjwa kwamanani abambe amabhanti.
- Ukukhunjulwa - njengengqungquthela ye-psyche . Ukukhawuleza ukukhumbuza nayiphi na impahla okanye isiganeko.
- Uphilo lwengqondo (ukubhala) ukukhumbula . Ukukhunjulwa kwetekisi zezi zilandelayo ziintlobo:
- isingeniso kwisicatshulwa samagama athile okanye amazwi (aqondwa ngumzekeliso womfundi, aphorisms, izicaphuno);
- ukukhankanywa kweziganeko zenkcubeko zangaphambili;
- ukudalwa kwamagama abhaliweyo kunye nomfanekiso ochazayo wabalinganiswa abaqhelekileyo kumfundi ("oku kwakuyi-Shakespearean Romeo").
Ukulibala nokuKhumbula
Ukukhumbula inqwaba yolwazi yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu kubafundi, ngoku kuxhomekeke kwimpumelelo nokuphumelela kokufunda uqeqesho. Inkumbulo yomntu ilungiswe ukuze ulwazi olungaphantsi kokuqonda kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo olukhawulezileyo lulibaleke ngokukhawuleza. Ukulibala into ephikisanayo nenkqubo yokukhumbula, kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba yonke into iyasuswa kwimemori, loo nto kuthiwa yindlela ehlala ngayo kunye nefuthe lokukhumbuza ukuba umntu emva kwexesha elide ukhumbula ingoma, ifilimu okanye incwadi eyayikhe liyiliwe, kunye neenkcukacha ezincinci.