I-Urine (umchamo) - enye yeemveliso zenkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwemetabolism emzimbeni womntu. Icandelo layo eliphambili ngamanzi. Kodwa kunye kunye nokugqitha kwamanzi, iimveliso zokubola kunye neetekisi nazo zikhutshwa. Uhlalutyo oluqhelekileyo lomchamo luvumela ukusekwa kobunjalo balo.
Uphi urinaryysis echazwe nini?
Ngokunikezela izigulana ezifana nokufunda, oogqirha baphonsela injongo yokufumanisa izifo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukusebenza komsebenzi we-urinary kuhlolwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngenxa yezifo ezivuthayo kunye neentsholongwane, oogqirha banika uvavanyo lomchamo, izibonakaliso ezinokuba zilandelayo:
- Ukuxilongwa kwezifo zentliziyo: i- pyelonephritis , i-nephritis, i-nephrosclerosis, urolithiasis, i- amyloidosis .
- Ukufumanisa izifo zesisu, iprotate.
- Ukuhlolwa okuthintela.
- Ukuphononongwa kwempembelelo yonyango.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe- streptococcal (i-throat yomlomo, i-red fever).
Yintoni ukubonisa urinalysis?
Ukuchithwa kweenkqubo ze-metabolism nokusebenza kakuhle kwezitho zangaphakathi kuthintela ukubunjwa kunye neepropati zomchamo. Ukuthetha malunga nohlalutyo lweklinikhi lwemiboniso ye-urine, oogqirha babhala ingqalelo kwizigulane kwi-pathologies efihliweyo. Ngoko, ngoncedo lwale sifundo, unokukwazi ukubona:
- izifo zesimo se-endocrine (isifo sikashukela);
- utyhefu lomzimba ngeesxibisi;
- ukupheliswa kwamanzi.
I-OAM inokusekwa kwizigaba zokuqala ze-urolithiasis, urethritis, cystitis. Ukongezelela, uhlalutyo luhlala lusetyenziswa oogqirha ukuba bahlole ukuphumelela kwonyango elimiselweyo. AmaMediki anconywa njengendlela yokukhusela kwisigulane kanye ngonyaka ukwenzela ukunika uvavanyo lomvhamo jikelele. Oku kuya kunceda ukuchonga okuphambuke kancinci kwimeko yomzimba, ukuqala unyango xa kuyimfuneko.
Ndingayifumana njani ukuvavanya umchamo jikelele?
Ukuze uthole umphumo othembekileyo kwaye ugweme imfuno yokuhlolwa kwakhona, isiguli kufuneka sibuze ugqirha indlela yokuthatha iimvavanyo zomchamo ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuqokelela izinto ze-biological kuyimfuneko yokusebenzisa imbiza ecocekileyo, kulungile ukuthenga isitya esikhethekileyo sokuhlalutya kwi-pharmacy. Kulo sifundo, kuphela isahluko sasekuseni somlambo iqokelelwe kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo isahlulo sayo sesilinganiso. Yona inqubo yocingo ilandelwa ukulungiselela okuthile.
Ukuhlalutya ngokubanzi umchamo - ukulungiselela ukuhanjiswa
Ukuze ufumane iziphumo eziphambili, kuyimfuneko ukuba udlulise ngokubanzi urinalysis ngokufanelekileyo, ukulungiswa kwesi sifundo kufuneka kufake ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho ethile. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuba ezinye iimveliso ziyakwazi ukutshintsha umbala we-urine, ngoko umqeqeshi webhule akakwazi ukuvavanya ngokucacileyo izikhombisi ezifana nombala kunye nokucaca. Ukuthintela oku, iibhotsi, iinqathe, izithelo zifakwe ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokuhlalutya.
Ngomhla ngaphambi kokuba isifundo siyeke ukuthatha i-diuretics - iziyobisi ziyakwazi ukutshintsha i-pH, ubuninzi bomchamo, umthamo wayo. Ukuchasana okuchasene nomnxeba wokuvuthwa kwamanzi kukungena kwimihla. Ngethuba lokuhlalutya ngeli xesha, umfazi kufuneka aqikelele, asebenzise iitamponi zokucoceka. Ngaphambi kokuthatha urinalysis, kuyimfuneko ukukhuphela ngaphandle kokutya:
- utywala;
- iimveliso zokutshaya;
- ubusi;
- i mifuno.
Indlela yokuqokelela umchamo ukuhlalutya ngokubanzi?
Ukuze ungaphambuki iziphumo zesifundo, isiguli kufuneka siqonde ngokucacileyo indlela yokuqokelela umchamo ukuhlalutya. Ukuvavanya iziganeko ze-organoleptic, iimpawu zamakhemikhali kunye neemzimba zomchamo, kubalulekile ukuqokelela ubuncinane i-100 ml yale mveliso. Ngaphambi kwenkqubo, kufuneka ukuba kwenziwe indlu yangasese yezitho zangasese zangaphandle, ukuze ungabandakanyi i-microflora ye-pathogenic yokungena emcini.
Oogqirha abanolwazi bancomela abafazi ukuba basebenzise i-tampon ngexesha locingo ukuze uvavanyo lomchamo lubonise umfanekiso ojoliswe kuyo. Kubalulekile ukuba isitya sinomlinganiselo wesiganeko somlambo, ngoko kuqala qalisa ukuvota kwindlu yangasese. Isampuli eqokelelwayo kufuneka ithunyelwe kwibhubhoratri zingama-2-3 iiyure. Ukuze uhlalutyo lwekliniki jikelele lomchamo lubonakalise ngokufanelekileyo isimo se-genitourinary system, ukuthuthwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kuyona yenziwe ngokufanelekileyo kwiqondo elide (5-20 degrees).
Ukuhlalutya ngokubanzi umchamo - umbhalo
Emva kokuba urinaryysis iqhutywe, ingxelo yesiphumo yenziwa ngugqirha othumele umntu oviwo. Kuphela ugqirha owaziyo iimpawu zesifo somguli, imbali yakhe, unokuyivavanya ngokucacileyo iimpawu ezifunyenweyo. Iziphumo zokuvavanya umchamo azivumeli ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa zisetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa ngokukrakra kwesimo somguli. Oku kusoloko kuqwalaselwa:
- yobudala besifundo;
- uhlobo lwesifo;
- ubukho bezifo ezingapheliyo.
Ukuphononongwa kweesampula zomchamo kwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi, ezinokuthi zihluke ngokuxhomekeke kwinjongo yesifundo. Phakathi kweendidi ezidla ngokuphandle:
- izakhiwo ze-organoleptic (umbala, obala);
- ii-physico-chemical properties (umxholo wetyuwa);
- iimpawu zezinto eziphilayo.
Izibonakaliso zokuchithwa kwe-urinalysis
Uhlalutyo lwezonyango lwe-urine lubandakanya ukuhlolwa okunzima kweqela leepropati:
1. Iimpawu ze-Physicochemical:
- ubala;
- umbala;
- u xinaniso;
- pH;
- umxholo weprotheni;
- umxholo weglucose;
- i-concentration ye-bilirubin;
- imixholo yamalungu e-ketone;
- ingxube ye-nitrites;
- ubukho beeseli zegazi.
2. Uviwo lwe-Microscopic lokukhawuleza:
- I-sediment edibeneyo: i-erythrocyte, iiseli ze-epithelial, i-leukocytes, ibhaktheriya, imfucu yesinambu, iiseli zesisu;
- isilingi esingaselungelelaniso somchamo: umxholo weetrophos amorphous kunye ne-crystals ibonakala.
Uhlalutyo oluqhelekileyo lomchamo luqhelekileyo
Oogqirha bahlala beqwalasela iminyaka yobugulane obanikezelwa ukuvavanya umchamo - umxholo wetyuwa, ukuchithwa kwabantwana kunye nabantu abadala bahluke. Ukongeza, izalathisi zitshintshe ixabiso lawo ngenxa yobunzima bokugula, izifo, iinkqubo ezingapheliyo emzimbeni. Ukuthelekiswa kweziphumo kwimigangatho yenziwa kuphela ngumcebisi. Uvavanyo olubi lwemvini lubonisa ukuba uphinde uhlolisise isigulane. Ixabiso leenombolo eziphambili, itafula lokuhlola umchamo kubantu abadala, linikezelwa ngezantsi.