Ngamnye wabazali amaphupha ukuba umntwana uya kuzalwa enempilo kwaye akhulele enhle kwaye ehlakaniphile. Ngethamsanqa, kwiimeko ezininzi zenzeka, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kukho izinto ezimbi.
Iyeza zanamhlanje ziye zafika phambili, kwaye izifo ezininzi eziyingozi sele ziphilisa. Kodwa zikhona izifo ezinqabileyo neziziwayo, eziye zazingekho nto. Ngona oogqirha abagqwesileyo abanikezelwa ukuba baqonde izizathu zokuvela kwabo kwaye bancede abantu abagulayo nabo.
1. Ukuhlazeka, i-dyslexia, i-discusculature
Ekuqaleni yonke into ibonakala iyinto eqhelekileyo: umntwana ukhula, udlala, ufunda. Kodwa ngexesha elithile, abazali bajamelana neengxaki ezingenakuqondakala. Abantwana babo akunakwenzeka ukuba bafundise ukufunda, ukubhala, ukubala. Sisiphi isizathu kunye nento enokuyenza? Ngaba ubuvila okanye isifo esingaqhelekanga?
Intetho ebhaliweyo iqulethe iintlobo ezimbini zokuthetha-ukubhala nokufunda. Amagama anjalo angaqhelekanga kunye neentlonelo ezifana ne-dysgraphia kunye ne-dyslexia zithetha ukungakwazi okanye ubunzima bokubhala nokubhala. Ngokuqhelekileyo zigcinwa ngokufanayo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuthi zenzeke ngokwahlukileyo. Ubunzima bokufunda ukubizwa kuthiwa i-alexia, ukuphela kokukwazi ukubhala igrarians.
Oogqirha abaninzi abawucingi nje ngolu hlobo njengento yesiphene, kodwa ubhekisele kwizinto ezikhethileyo zesakhiwo sengqondo ngengqondo ehluke ngokupheleleyo yehlabathi kwaye enye ibheka izinto eziqhelekileyo. I-Dyslexia idinga ukulungiswa, ingaphathwa. Ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala kunokugqiba okanye ukukhetha: ukungakwazi ukuqonda iileta kunye nemiqondiso, amagama apheleleyo nezivakalisi, okanye umbhalo opheleleyo. Umntwana unokufundiswa ukuba abhale, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo wenza ezininzi iimpazamo, adibanise iileta kunye neempawu. Kwaye, oku, oko akukwenzeka ngenxa yokungalindelekanga okanye ubuvila. Oku kuya kuqondwa. Umntwana onjalo ufuna uncedo lwenzululwazi.
Kwiimpawu zangaphambili zihlala zihlanganiswa esinye isibonakaliso esingathandekiyo - esingabonakaliyo. Ubonakaliswe ukungakwazi ukuqonda amanani, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuqonda iileta kunye neempawu xa ufunda. Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana benza ngokunyanisekileyo izenzo kunye namanani engqondweni, kodwa imisebenzi echazwe ngetekisi ayinakuyenza. Oku mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba umntu akanalo ithuba lokuqonda yonke itekisi.
Ngelishwa, iyeza zanamhlanje alisiniki impendulo ecacileyo kumbuzo weso sizathu sokuba i-dyslexic ingakwazi ukufunda ukufunda, ukubhala, kubala kwi-6 okanye iminyaka eyi-12 ubudala okanye njengomdala.
2. I-Dyspraxia - ingxaki yokulungelelanisa
Okungaqhelekanga kubonakaliswe ukungakwazi ukwenza nayiphi na isenzo esilula, umzekelo, ukuxubha amazinyo akho okanye ukubopha ama-shoelaces akho. Ingxaki kubazali kukuba abayiqondi into ethile yokuziphatha, kwaye endaweni yokuhlawula ngokufanelekileyo ibonisa umsindo nentukuzelo.
Kodwa, ngaphezu kwezifo zobuntwana, zininzi ezinjalo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, izifo ezithotyelwa ngumntu ekudala. Mhlawumbi awuzange uve ngezinye zazo.
3. I-microsis okanye i-syndrome "Alice in Wonderland"
Oku, ngenhlanhla, yintlupheko engavumelekile yeengxaki zeentsholongwane ezichaphazela umbono wabantu. Izigulane zibona abantu, izilwanyana kunye neendawo ezikuyo ezincinci kuncinci kunokuba zikhona. Ukongeza, imida phakathi kwabo ibonakala iphosakele. Esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi "Lilliputian mbono," nangona sichaphazela ukubona kuphela, kodwa nokuva kunye nokuthintela. Nokuba umzimba wakho unokubonakala uhluke ngokupheleleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-syndrome iqhubeka nemehlo kwaye ivame ukubonakalisa ukuqala kobumnyama, xa ubuchopho bengenalo ulwazi malunga nobukhulu bezinto ezizungezile.
4. I-Stendhal Syndrome
Ngaphambi kwesi sifo solu hlobo, abantu abakwazi ukuqiqa phambi kokuqala kokuya kwigalari yezithombe. Xa ufika kwindawo apho kukho ubuninzi bezinto zobugcisa, uqala ukufumana iimpawu ezinzima zokuhlaselwa kwesantya: ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, utywala, ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo kunye neengcamango. Kwenye yeefriji zaseFlorence kunye nabakhenkethi kwakudla ukuba kukho iimeko ezinje, eziye zenza inkcazo yesi sifo. Igama layo lalingenxa yombhali owaziwayo uStendhal, owachaza iimpawu ezifanayo kwincwadi yakhe ethi "Naples noFlorence".
5. I-Syndrome yokuxuma umFrentshi waseMaine
Uphawu oluphambili lwesifo esingaqhelekanga sesifo somfuzo luyiko olukhulu. Ezi zigulane ezinomsindo omncinci wenyuka, zikhwaza, zitshiza izandla, ziwa, ziguqa phantsi kwaye zide zikwazi ukuzincama. Esi sifo saqale sarekhodwa e-US ngo-1878 esivela kwi-login yaseFransi eMaine. Ngenxa yoko igama layo laba. Igama elinye libukhali.
6. Isifo se-Urbach-Vite
Ngamanye amaxesha oku kungaphezulu kwesifo esingaqhelekanga esibizwa ngokuba yi-"brave lion" syndrome. Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba ukungabikho koyiko akusona imbangela yesifo, kodwa kubangelwa kukutshatyalaliswa kwe-amygdala yengqondo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwezi zigulane, ilizwi elikhukhulayo kunye nekhanda elibomvu. Ngethamsanqa, ekubeni ukufunyanwa kwesi sifo kwiincwadi zonyango kubhalwe ngaphantsi kwama-300 amatyala okubonakaliswa kwawo.
7. I-Syndrome yesandla somnye umntu
Esi sisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi yesifo sengqondo esichazwe ngento yokuba enye okanye zombini izandla zesigulane isenza ngathi. Isigulana segazi saseJamani uKurt Goldstein kuqala sichaza iimpawu zesi sifo esingaqhelekanga xa ebona isigulane sakhe. Ngethuba lokulala, isandla sakhe sasekhohlo, sisebenza kwimithetho ethile engafihlakeleyo, ngokukhawuleza saqala ukumbamba "inkosikazi." Esi sifo esingaqhelekanga senziwa ngenxa yomonakalo ekuhanjisweni kwempawu phakathi kwee-hemispheres zeengqondo. Ngenxa yesifo esinjalo unokuzilimaza ngaphandle kokuqonda oko kwenzekayo.