Ingqungquthela kwiimpawu zezingane kunye nemithetho ephambili yonyango lokuqala

Njengokuba abazali babengakhuseli abantwana babo, kodwa bawela kwaye bafaka izinto zabo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kukho imibuzo malunga nokuba yintoni isingxubusho kumntwana, iimpawu zesifo kunye nendlela yokuyihlula kwi-bruise. Ezinye iintloko zentloko zingakhokelela ekubhedlele izibhedlele, ukuphulwa kwamathambo, kodwa nokufa.

Izizathu zokuxubusha kwengqondo

Ubuntwana bomntwana ngamnye udlulayo kwinkqubela kunye nolwazi lwehlabathi, elingahlala lidibene nokulungelelaniswa kwezakhono zamandla. Ngezinye iinkqubo umsebenzi onjalo uphawuleza kwaye ukhokelela ekwenzeni ukulimala. Akunabo bonke abafana abanokuziva ingozi nokuphakama. Kwizingane zasenkulisa, inhloko isenomlinganiselo obuninzi obunxulumene nobunzima bomzimba wonke, ngoko ke inzima kakhulu. Ingqungquthela yomntwana inezibalo zayo kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo:

• kwiintsana - 2%;
• kwiintsana - 25%;
• ukuya kwi-3 iminyaka-8%;
• kwizingane zasenkulisa - 20%;
• ukususela kwiminyaka eyi-6-7 ukuya kwi-45%.

Oku kubangelwa ngamaxesha omsebenzi. Ingqungquthela kumntwana unyaka kwenzeka ngenxa yokunganakwa kwabazali kunye nokungakhathali kwabo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantwana balimala xa bewa kwiibhedi, abahambahambayo, batshintsha ithala kunye nakwezandla zabantu abadala. Isifo sinokuthi senzeke kunye nokugula okugqithiseleyo, xa unina unyikimaza umntwana.

Ekubeni kwiinyanga ezili-9 inkwenkwe iqala ukufunda ukuhamba kwaye kodwa ayiyi kubeka izandla kwisandla sokuqinisekisa ukuba inhloko iyawa. Ngethuba lokugubha ngokukhawuleza (ukuxuma, ukugubha umntwana, ukuphatha kakubi) okanye ukubetha ingqondo, inertia iyabulala ngekribhane. Kule meko, zonke iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zichaphazelekayo, ulwalathiso lwegazi luguquka kunye nokunyuka kwengcinezelo.

Iingqungquthela zengxubusho yengqondo

Ingqungquthela yabantwana yindlela yokwakha ekhuselekileyo kunye nobuthathaka. Amaxhoba angasomelezwanga angakwazi ukususwa ngokukhawuleza ngefuthe. Ngokuxhomekeke kumandla ayo, ukwahlula idigri zezifo:

1. Ingqungquthela encinane kumntwana ivela kwi-90% yamatyala enyango enkulu. Iimpawu zivela emva kwemizuzu engama-20 emva kokuwa, eli nqanaba lilapheka kalula.
2. Ubunzima obuphakathi - kule meko, ukuphulwa kwamathambo kwisigodlo se-cranial kunokwenzeka.
3. Isilinganisi esiqinileyo sesingxubusho - umntwana usenokuphelelwa ingqondo. Unokuvuvukala kwenkqubo ye-nervous, i-break of the skull base, i-hematomas intracranial ebonakalayo, edibanisa ingqondo.

Uyakuqonda njani ukuba umntwana unengxubusho?

Abazali bahlala benomdla kulo mbuzo wendlela yokumisela ingcamango yomntwana kwaye uyayichaza ngokululaza. Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba abantu abadala kunye nabantwana iimpawu zibonakaliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye zixhomekeka kubudala bomntwana kunye nokwakhiwa kwamathambo akhe. Kwiintsana, umzekelo, isifo asinayo impawu, kwaye kwimeko enjalo kunzima ukuseka ukuxilongwa.

Xa ingqungquthela yengqondo ivela kumntwana, iimpawu ezinokuthi zibe zilandelayo:

• ukungcola;
• ukugqithisa kwesikhumba;
• Ubumpumputhe obusemva, obuthatha imizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure eziliqela;
• ukungazinzi kwengcinezelo yegazi;
• ukukhupha;
• ezintle iintloko
• ukucotha okanye ukunyuka kwenani lentliziyo;
• isicefe
• ubungakanani bezinga lomfundi;
• ukuhlanza okukhulu;
• kutyhafa ;
• ukuphazamiseka kwithuba kunye nexesha;
• uvakalelo.

Impawu zokuqala zomxube kumntwana

Impawu zokuqala zomncintiswano kumntwana zivela kwiiyure ezimbalwa, emva koko kuza ukuphuculwa, kwaye kwakhona kwakhona ukuhlaselwa okubukhali. Ingane iya kuba yinto enqabileyo, ihlala ikhala, ukulahleka kwesidlo nokulala kuphazamisekile. Iimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke kwimpawu zomzimba kunye nobudala. Abazali bafanele bajonge imeko yezempilo kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, bathathe inyathelo.

Ukushisa kunye nomngcipheko kubantwana

Ukwanda kwehobhoni lomzimba akubandakanyi kwiimpawu zesifo sengqondo kubantwana. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuphendula komzimba kwinkqubo yokuvuvukala, eyaqala kwindawo yempembelelo. Le meko iyingozi, ngoko ukulaliswa esibhedlele komntwana kufuneka kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza. Ugqirha kufuneka athathe amanyathelo okukhawuleza ukufumana iziphumo kunye nokuphelisa isisu.

Ingqungquthela kumntwana ukuya kwiimpawu zonyaka

Xa umntwana esanda kuqalisa ukwenza imizamo yokuguqula, ayikwazi ukushiywa yedwa kwiindawo eziphezulu ngaphandle kweendonga ezide. Emva kokuwa okunamandla komntwana, abazali abancinci bayazibuza indlela umcangci womntwana ubonakala ngayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo isifo sihamba ngaphandle kweempawu okanye zingabonakaliswa kangako, ngoko imeko ingaba yingozi.

Emva kokuwa komntwana, kufuneka uhlale unamehlo kuye. Iimpawu zengxubusho kwintsana zinokuba ngale ndlela:

• ukuphindaphinda rhoqo ;
• uxhalaba;
• iphosa;
• ukukhala ixesha elide kungekho sizathu;
• ukuphulwa kwesidlo;
• kulala.

Yintoni ongayenza xa unengxaki yengqondo kumntwana?

Kwimeko apho, xa umntwana wakho ewa, musa ukumvumela ukuba alele ngenxa yeyure. Xa ingqungquthela yengqondo ivela kumntwana, iimpawu zibonakalisa ngokwabo umnqweno onamandla wokutya, ukusela nokulala. Ukuba ukrokrela inkathazo emva kokuwa, biza i-ambulensi. Ugqirha (i-traumatologist, i-neurosurgeon okanye i-neurologist) kufuneka aqhube uviwo lwexhoba aze ahlalutye.

Esibhedlele, iingcamango zobuchopho kubantwana zenziwa kuphela emva kokuvavanywa ngokucokisekileyo, oku kuquka:

• ukujonga i-reflexes, uvakalelo kunye nomsebenzi wemoto;
• ukulinganisa ukunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo kwi-ophthalmoscope;
• tomography;
• ukwenza i-ultrasound neurosonography (kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala);
• i-radiography yengqondo
• ukuzimisela ukufuduka kwe-midline ngeendlela ze-echoencephalography;
• xa kukhankanywa i-cerebral hemorrhage, i-lumbar puncture isenziwa;
• ukuphononongwa kwengqondo ye-bioelectric umsebenzi nge-electroencephalography.

Uncedo lokuqala lokuxubusha

Ukuba kukho ingcamango yengqondo kubantwana, okokuqala kufuneka:

1. Ukubambisa iimpahla, ngoko uqinisekisa ukuphefumula.
2. Qinisekisa uxolo lomntwana, ubeke phezu kobunzima kwindawo yokuma kwaye uyigubungele ngengubo efudumeleyo.
3. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, lungisa intloko kwindawo enye kwizinga elinye nomzimba.
4. Beka umntwana ecaleni xa ukuhlanza kuqala.
5. Faka isicelo se-compress ice kwindawo yempembelelo.
6. Thetha nomntwana, mbuze imibuzo ukuqonda imeko yakhe.
7. Musa ukunika i-painkillers.

Indlela yokuphatha ingxaki yomntwana?

Xa kwakukho ingqungquthela kumntwana, unyango lunqunywe kuxhomekeke kwisixa sobunzima. Kwinqanaba elincinane - inkunzi inokuhlala ekhaya, kodwa kufuneka ihambisane nokuphumla kwebhedi iveki. Kwiimeko ezinzima, amayeza anqunywe, kwaye abantwana bayabonwa esibhedlele. Ngesi sifo, iingcali zinika loo mayeza:

• I-Phenytoin - ngokuxubha ;
• imithi ye diuretic (Diacarb, Furosemide) - kunye ne- edema yengqondo ;
• Amalungiselelo e-potassium (i-Asparcum, i-Panangin) - isetyenziswe ngendlela enzima kunye namanye amayeza;
• i-analgesics (Ibuprofen, iPanadol) - ukunciphisa intloko;
• izidakamizwa eziqabulayo (Notta, Phenibut) - kunye nemisebenzi eqinile;
• antihistamines (Diazolin, Suprastin) - kunye neentlungu;
• I-Tserukal - ngokusicungcutheka okukhulu.

Unyango lwonyango luyongezwa nge-vitamin complexes, isondlo esifanelekileyo kunye nesondlo, kwaye xa kuyimfuneko ngeziyobisi ze-nootropic ukuphucula iinkqubo ze-metabolic engqondweni. Izibhedlele zihlala malunga neveki ezi-3. Ngelo xesha umntwana akanako:

• ukuba neentloni;
• bukele iTV okanye ufunde iincwadi;
• ukudlala iincwadi zekhompyutha;
• ukungena kwimidlalo.

Iziphumo zeengcamango kubantwana

Ukubuyiselwa komzimba womntwana kuxhomekeke kwimpawu zempilo yakhe, ubudala kunye nokuthotyelwa kweengcebiso zogqirha. Imiphumo yengcamango yengqondo ingahluka kakhulu. Kwiplanethi yethu, abantwana abangama-4000 bafa kwesi sifo unyaka ngamnye, abayi-15 000 bahamba esibhedlele obude kwaye bunzima kakhulu, aba-4% babo bahlala bekhubazekile. Ezinye iintsana ezingaphendulwanga ziba nesithuthwane, iintloko zivalelwa rhoqo.