Phakathi kokungapheleli kokuzilungisa kobuso, i-ptosis ye-eyelid ephezulu iqhelekileyo kubasetyhini. Oku kukhwela, ukushiywa kwesosididi, edlalwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ekugqibeleni iqhubela phambili. Abaninzi bafuna iindlela zokwahlula eso siphene, ngelixa kubalulekile ukuqala ukufumana isizathu.
I-Ptosis ye-eyeriyeli ephakamileyo-izizathu
Kuza kuba lula xa unqumle into ehambelana nokubonakala kwayo. I-Ptosis ye-eyeriyeli ephezulu yeso sizathu sinokudityaniswa nokungaqhelekanga kokuzalwa okanye nokuba yi-defective fault. Umgca wokuzalwa ongaphantsi kwinqwelo ephezulu ihlukaniswe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo:
- i-ptosis eneemfuyo kunye ne-undersivelopment ye-muscle ephakamisa ijwabu leso eliphezulu (ukufutshane, ukunciphisa, ukukhulula okanye ukungabikho kwemisipha);
- i-ptosis ye-neurological nature (i-nervous, i-muscle ye-century, kunye ne-central system ye-nervous ephukile), iphuhliswe ngo-utero ngenxa yezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo zomama okanye ngenxa yentleba yokuzalwa.
Izimbangela zokufumana i-ptosis zizinto ezikhokelela kwi-paresis okanye ukukhubazeka kwesisipha esinoxanduva lokuphakamisa ijwabu leso eliphezulu nokuvula iso. Lo msila ubizwa ngokuba yi-levator, ufumaneka phantsi kobunqamlezo beoli ephezulu, udibanisa kwi-plateartaginous plate kunye nasesikhumba senkophe. Ukongezelela, i-sagging ivela ngenxa yokunciphisa, ukulula okanye ukurhoxiswa kwelovator. Ngokuxhomekeka kwesizathu, bahlula iintlobo ezinje zeptosis ezifunyenweyo:
1. I-Aponeurotic ehambelana nayo:
- ukuguga ngokubanzi komzimba;
- umonakalo kwimisipha yomsila okanye i-aponeurosis ye-muscle (ithala lesithoni) ngenxa yengozi okanye isifo se-ophthalmic, plastic surgery.
2. I-neurogenic, ephuma ku:
- ukwenzakalisa umonakalo kwinkqubo yesantya;
- Izifo zengqondo (isifo, isifo se-sclerosis kunye nabanye);
- usulelo lwenkqubo yesifo;
- ukutshatyalaliswa kwenzondelelo yomlomo wesibeleko, ejongene nokuphakamisa ijwabu leso;
- I-neuropathy kubantu abanesifo sikashukela;
- aneurysm.
3. I-Myasthenic, ebangelwa yi-myasthenia gravis.
4. Iimpawu ezivela ku:
- ukubunjwa kwesibalo esibuhlungu kwintsipheko;
- ukwakheka kwe-spike;
- wabetha umzimba wangaphandle kweliso.
5. I-Oncogenic, ekhokelela ekukhuleni kwesifo esibi esibuhlungu.
I-ptosis ye congenital yenkophe ephezulu
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukungabikho komzimba, ukusabalalisa ngokwemfuyo kwimeko yejwabu eliphezulu, elidluliselwa kumnye wabazali, lisezantsi. Esi sikhokelo esihambelana nokuphuhliswa kwe-muscle ephezulu yesifo sekhosi kufunyanwa ebuntwaneni kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kudibaniswa ne-strabismus okanye i-amblyopia. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-ptosis yokuzalwa yintlungu ibangelwa yi-palpebromandibular syndrome, apho imfucumfucu yesipuphu esiphezulu ingalondolozwa yintshukumo yemisipha yomhlathi. Ukongezelela, i-ptosis ivela kwimvelaphi ye-blepharophimosis, xa ukunciphisa nokunciphisa i-gap eye.
I-Ptosis ye-eyeriyeli ephezulu emva kwe-botox
Umphumo oqhelekileyo wesigxina kukushiywa kwekhulu emva kweBotox. Le ngxaki engathandekiyo ichazwa kwi-15-20% yezigulane ezenza inkqubo yokujova kunye nokulungiselela i-toxin ye-botulin ebunzini. Isizathu se-ptosis kule meko kukungeniswa kwesilwanyana kwi-muscle ephakamisa inkophe ephezulu, ebangela ukuba ihlehlise. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo xa kuhlaziywa i-botox unyango lwenziwa ngamaxesha amfutshane kakhulu, ngenxa yesistim se-facial asinayo ixesha lokubuyisela ukuhamba kwazo.
Ngamanye amaxesha ukungabikho kwezihlunu kubangelwa ukulawulwa kwexabiso elikhulu kakhulu leziyobisi okanye indlela engenzi nzuzo yokumakishwa kwamanqaku, xa iimpawu ze-anatomical ebusweni zingagcinwa (umzekelo, umxhesho obunqamlekileyo) kwaye iilenki zenziwa ngokwecandelo jikelele. Ukuba ezi ngongoma zikhethwe ngokungafanelekanga, i-eyelid drooping ingenxa yokukhubazeka kwezihlunu, ezingazange zicwangciswe ukulimaza.
Ukungabikho kwejwabu eliphezulu emva kokuluma kwezilwanyana
Kuye kwenzeka ukuba ukungabikho kwebhodi yebhodi kuye kwadibanisa nokuluma kwimeko yamehlo ezinambuzane ezahlukahlukeneyo - omiyane, i-midge, izinyosi njalonjalo. Kule meko, kukho ukuvuvukala-i-edema ye-allergen, ebangela ukuba i-ikhefu iguqulwe. Kule meko, ukongeza kwiimpawu ze-ptosis, kukho ukubonakaliswa njengokubuyiselwa kwejwabu leso, ukukhukhuma kwayo, isikhumba esikhulayo kunye nokuvutha komsindo.
Umyinge wobudala bentloko yejwabu
Kwi-asebekhulile, umthamo wecafi ephezulu yeso sihambelane nobuthathaka kunye nokwelula kweemfibisi ze-muscle kunye nemigqa, ngenxa yoko izikhumba zesikhumba ziqala ukugubha. Ukongezelela, oku kuququzelelwe ukuhla kwe-age e-skin elasticity ngenxa yokunciphisa umkhiqizo we-collagen kunye ne-elastin, ukuphazamiseka kwe-microcirculation in tiscu kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezinxulumene nokuguga.
I-Ptosis ye-eyeriyeli ephezulu
Xa ijwabu leso lihlala phantsi, oku kubonakaliswa yimpawu ezilandelayo:
- inkophe yehliswayo yinye okanye zombini amehlo, ekhokelela ekuvaleni okukhethiweyo okanye okupheleleyo kwesehlo kweso (umgca wekhosi ephezulu ihlanganisa iris ngaphezu kwe-1.5 mm);
- zihlala ziphakamisa iisusi ngenxa yokuzama ukuhlawulela i-ptosis;
- ubume obusobala;
- umkhuba wokuphosa intloko yakho ukuphucula ukubonakala;
- ubunzima bokukhanyisa ukuhamba kwamehlo;
- ubunzima okanye ukukwazi ukuvala ngokupheleleyo iso;
- ukwanda kwamehlo;
- ncitshiswa;
- Umbono ombini , uvakalelo lwesanti kuwo;
- ukuthambekela kokuvuvukala kwamehlo.
Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba i-ptosis ye-eyelid ephezulu ayikho nje into yokukhubazeka, kodwa ingxaki enkulu ye-ophthalmic engenza ukuba kube nokubonakala komonakalo obonakalayo. Inobungozi ngokukhethekileyo xa i-pathology iyodwa. Ukungaziboni iimpawu ze-ptosis ye-eyeriyeli ephezulu, kwana kuthiwa yinto encinci, ayikwazi, kuba ukuphambuka kuyakwazi ukuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza.
I-Ptosis ye-eyelidi-degree
Ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba elincinci le-eyelidi liye linciphisa ngokubhekiselele kumfundi welihlo, i-ptosis ye-eyeriyeli ephezulu ihlulwe ibe ngamazinga amathathu obunzima:
- i-ptosis ye-degree ye-eyelidi ephezulu-xa i-third of the learner is covered;
- iptosis ye-degree 2 - xa isiqingatha somfundi sihlanganiswe okanye 2/3 salo sabelo;
- i-ptosis 3 degrees-ithetha ukugubungela okugqibeleleyo komfundi welihlo.
I-Ptosis ye-eyelid ephezulu-ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilonga i-pathology embuzweni, uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-ophthalmologic lufunekayo, ngokushiywa kwesosidi kunye nesidanga sawo ngokwemgama phakathi kweziko lomfundi kunye nomgca wejwabu eliphezulu. Ukuze ufumene imbangela yokuphambuka kunye neengxaki ezibangelwa yiyo, ugqirha uvavanya ukuhamba kweentloko kunye neelishi, ukulingana kweminyango yamehlo, inquma ubukhulu belihlunu le-ijwabu leso. Ukongezelela, ubukhali kunye nommandla wombono usungulwe, i-fundus ifundiswa, uxinzelelo lwe-intraocular lilinganiswa.
Ukuba kukho ukukrokra kwezilonda ezibuhlungu zezakhiwo zethambo, i-radiographic radiography ye-orbit inikezelwe ukuchonga indawo yesilonda, kwaye ukuba inkqubo ye-nervous ishicilelwe, ukucatshulwa kwikhompyutheni okanye i- magnontic resonance imaging ingacetyiswa. Kufuneka ukuba udibane neurologist, i-neurosurgeon.
I-Ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu - unyango ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa
Unyango oluthile lokunciphisa ijwabu leso alufunwa, ukuba le yimeko yesikhashana. Ngokomzekelo, i-ptosis ye-eyelidi ephezulu, ebangelwa ukuluma kwezilwanyana, iya kutshabalalisa emva kokuba ukuvuvuka kwehla. Ukukhawulezisa oku, i-antihistamine yangaphandle (i-Fenistil) kunye neziyobisi zenkqubo ( Loratadine , Suprastin), ii-corticosteroids zendawo (Advantan, Hydrocortisone) zisetyenzisiweyo. Kuyafana ne-ptosis emva kweengxube zeBotox, ezenzeka emva kweeveki ezimbalwa (ngamanye amaxesha izidakamizwa zinokucetyiswa ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kokuhamba kwemisipha - i-Neuromidine, i-apraklonidine).
I-ptosis ehlobene neminyaka yonyango ephezulu ye-eyelidi inokuthi iyalondoloze, ngelixa ezininzi ziphakamisa ukuba zomeleze ukulungiswa kwemaski, iikram kunye nomphumo wokuphakamisa. Ukuba i-ptosis ye-neurogenic ye-eyelid ephezulu ifunyaniswa, indlela yokuyichitha ngayo, ugqirha uyakukuxelela emva koluhlu lwezifundo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukubuyisela umsebenzi wokhetho lomgca:
- Inkqubo ye-Physiotherapeutic ( UHF , galvanotherapy, myostimulation, unyango lweparafini);
- ukulungiselela izondlo zesondlo ( izithambile B );
- ukuxilonga okukhethekileyo kunye ne-gymnastics kwamehlo.
Ukufumba kunye ne-ptosis ye-ijwabu ephezulu
Kwiiklinikhi kunye ne-cosmetology salons ukulungisa imeko kwiimigangatho yokuqala kungancoma ukuhamba kunye nokucoca umzimba nge-ptosis ye-ijwabu leso. Ngokuzimeleyo kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqhutywe i-massage nasekhaya, emva kwezi ndululo (ubude beseshoni yimitha emi-5-10):
- Susa ukwenza, sebenzisa ioli ecocekileyo kwesikhumba.
- Iimpawu zeseyhula ezinqabileyo zenza iipilisi eziphezulu zineenkcukacha zenkcazo ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuya kwinqanaba elingaphandle kweso.
- Qhubekani ukusilalisa, ukutshintsha ukukhanya kwe-stroking.
- Isigaba esilandelayo kukuba kwenziwe ukunyanzeliswa kweenkqubela kwicala elifanayo (ungathinti ama-eyeballs).
- Ekupheleni kwiseseshoni, vala amehlo akho ngeepotton pads ezixutywe ngokufudumala okufudumala kwe-chamomile, ubambe imizuzu emininzi.
I-Gymnastics ne-ptosis ye-ijwabu ephezulu
Ukusebenzisa okulandelayo kunye ne-ptosis ye-eyeriyeli ephezulu kunika impembelelo entle (umsebenzo ngamnye uphindaphindiwe ngamaxesha a-10-15):
- Emva kokufumana indawo epholileyo, jonga phambili uze wenze ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kweseyhula kunye neenyawo kunye neendlela zokuhamba ngeeyure.
- Ukwenza ukunyakaza ngamehlo phezulu nangaphantsi.
- Ukuphakamisa intloko yakhe, ukuvula umlomo wakhe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhawuleza ubhence amehlo akhe imizuzwana engama-30; Ukuguqulela umbono ukusuka kwinqanaba elikude kumntu osondeleyo kwamehlo nakwezinye izinto.
- Ukuvala amehlo akhe kunye neenkwenkwezi zakhe ngeminwe yakhe, yenza iinzame zokuvula amehlo akhe ububanzi ngangokunokwenzeka; ucinezela ngomnwe wakhe kwibhulorho ekhaleni lakhe, ukujonga ngenye indlela ngeliso lakhe lesobunxele okanye elisekunene.
- Blink imizuzwana embalwa uze uvule amehlo akho ngokukhawuleza.
Ukungabikho kwesikhumba esiphambili - unyango kunye nezilwanyana zabantu
Xa i-ptosis ye-eyelid ephezulu ifunyaniswa, unyango ekhaya lungaxhaswa kunye nezilwanyana zamadoda usebenzisa iimveliso zendalo. Ngoko, iziphumo ezilungileyo zibonisa ukusetyenziswa kweemaski kwiinkophelo ezisekelwe kwiitatata ezintsha. Ezi nkqubo zinceda ukususa ukukhukhuma, ukuqinisa nokuqinisa ulusu malunga naso , olunceda ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-ptosis. Uza kubonga iifatata kwi-grater, upholise ubunzima obunobangela kwifriji kwaye usetyenzise kwiinkophelo zemizuzu eyi-10-15, uze uhlambulule ngamanzi.
I-Ptosis ye-eyelid ephezulu
Ukuba umbuzo uvela malunga nendlela yokuphilisa i-ptosis ye-eyelidi ye-2 okanye ye-3 degrees, ngoko ke akunakukwazi ukuphumeza isiphumo esihle ngaphandle kobugcisa obucwangcisiweyo. Umsebenzi uwenziwa phantsi kwe-aneshesia yendawo okanye jikelele. Xa imeko ye-ptosis yokuzalwa, i-muscle ephakamisa inkophezelo ifutshane, kwaye kunye ne-pathology efunyenweyo, i-aponeurosis ye-muscle iyancipha. Ukongezelela, inxalenye encinci yesikhumba isuswe kwaye isetti ye-cosmetic isetyenziswe. Ukunciphisa umonakalo, ukuphucula ukusila kwe-eyelidi, i-diathermocoagulation isetyenziswe kwintsebenzo.