I-Mononucleosis kubantwana - luhlobo luni lwesifo?
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iintsana ezingenakuneminyaka emi-2 nangama-2 ubudala aziqhelwanga ngokungaqhelekanga kwesi sifo. Ngelo xesha, abantwana abaneminyaka engama-3-5 ubudala, kunye nabantu abadala emva kweminyaka engama-40, banokuchaphazeleka kakhulu.
I-agent causative ye-mononucleosis yintsholongwane ene-DNA yintsapho ye-herpes. Ukukhulelwa komntu onempilo kwenzeka ngokuqhagamshelana nomphathi walo ngamaconsi amanzi. Ngokuncinci kuncinci kukho ukusatshatyalaliswa kwintsholongwane ngempahla yasendlini, imidlalo yezingane. Kule ndlela kwaye isasazeka njengesifo esinjalo njenge-mononucleosis kubantwana.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ze-mononucleosis?
Iimpawu zesifo esinjalo kubantwana, njenge-mononucleosis, zihlukeneyo kwaye zixhomekeka kwiimeko ezininzi. Ngoko ke, okokuqala, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo kuxhomekeke ngqo kwindawo yokuhlala kwimizimba yengane. Iyakwamkelwa ukuhlukanisa izigaba ezi-3 eziphambili ze-mononucleosis. Cinga ngabo.
Isihlandlo sokuqala sesifo, ukutsalwa, ukuhlala ngokutsha, kunokuhlala kwiiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-8. Njengomthetho, ngeli xesha umama akakuboni nto engavamile kumntwana wakhe, okokuthi. isifo asibonakali.
Ekupheleni kwexesha lokuxubusha, isigaba esiqatha sesi sifo senziwa. Kwakulo xesha abazali baqaphela ukubonakala kweempawu zokuqala ezibandayo kumntwana wazo. Ngoko umntwana uba luvila, ukunganakwa, ubuthathaka kunye nesondlo kuncipha, ukuya kwinqanaba lokutya okupheleleyo. Emva kwexesha elifutshane, ukushisa komzimba kuphakama ukuya kumadijithali angaphantsi (38 nangaphezulu). Kufuneka kuphawulwe ukuba amaxesha obushushu ahlale ehlaziya iintsuku ezingama-3-4 okanye unomtsalane (amaxesha okubuyiselwa alandelwa ngumgangatho omfutshane). Abantwana abakhulileyo bahlala bekhalaza ngentloko, intlungu emlonyeni kweli xesha lesifo. Xa uhlolisisa umlomo womlomo, kukho i-hyperemia yeembrane ezinobumba.
Ukongeza kuzo zonke ezi ngasentla, kukho ukwanda kwimilo yeclimph. Njengomthetho, owokuqala ufumana ubunzima be-lymph nodes. Kwezinye iimeko, le mpawu inokuthi ikhangeleke kangangokuthi umama ubona ukubonakala entanyeni yendlela yokwenza umntwana kunye neqanda le inkukhu. Iimpawu ezisendaweni yase-nasopharynx, ngelixa zikhukhumeza, ezibangelwa ngabazali banokubona ukubonakala kwenyana ebusweni, okwakungazange kugcinwe ngaphambili. Utshintsho olunjalo lukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwizwi leemvuthu - liba likhulu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ziphela ngokupheleleyo. Abantwana abaneminyaka yobudala bezama ukungathethi nonke, ngenxa yentlungu ebuhlungu, kwaye uzama ukuchaza impawu zabo kunye nabazali.
Isikhathi sesithathu sesi sifo, ukubuyisela kwakhona, sibonakaliswa kukunyamalala kweempawu ezichazwe ngasentla kunye nokumiselwa kweentlalo zentlalo.
Unokwenziwa njani unyango?
Ngaphambi kokunyanga i-mononucleosis kubantwana, uvavanyo olunzulu lubekwe. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe kwiziphumo zeemvavanyo zelabhoratri.
Inkqubo yokwelapha yesi sifo iquka imisebenzi elandelayo:
- ukubambelela ekuphumleni kombhede;
- ukuhlambulula rhoqo, ukucoca okumanzi kwigumbi lomntwana;
- epholile, isiselo esininzi;
- unyango lwe vithamini;
- ukuhlanjululwa kwesigxina somsi kunye nokugxilwa kwamaconsi e-vasoconstrictive;
- Umlomo wokuhlambulula isisombululo se-antiseptic (Iodinol, iFuracilin), i-decoction ye-chamomile;
- xa i-antipyretic izidakamizwa zichazwe.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo yonyango impawu. Ukulwa ne-pathogen imisela i-antibiotics.
Yintoni enokuba yingozi engumononucleosis, ebonwa ngabantwana?
Kwiimpawu zokuqala zesifo, unina kufuneka abonise umntwana kumntwana wezingane. Oku kuya kukuvumela unyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye kugweme iziphumo ezimbi ze-mononucleosis, ezinokuthi zenzeke kubantwana. Ezi ziquka:
- i-asphyxia yendalo ethile-ikhula ngenxa yesifo se-epiglottis (senziwa ngenxa yokusasazeka kweethambo ze-lymphoid zeendandatho ze-pharyngeal);
- i-encephalitis (ukuvuvukala kweembrane zengqondo);
- i-meningitis;
- thrombocytopenia.