Khumbula ukuba i-hemoglobin - iprotheyini ekhethekileyo egalela ekunikezeni izicubu zomzimba nge-oksijeni, etholakala emiphakeni ngegazi. Kwakhona uxanduva lokususa i-carbon dioxide kwiiseli kwakhona kwimiphunga. I-hemoglobin eyenza igazi libomvu.
Iqondo eliphantsi le-hemoglobin livimbela inani elifunekayo le-oksijini ukungena kwiiseli zomzimba, othoba ukuphuhliswa kwazo nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwamalungu ngokubanzi. Umzimba uba lula ukusuleleka kwizifo kunye nezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Yaye nemiphumo ye-hemoglobin ephantsi kumntwana ingabonakaliswa ngokucotha ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo kunye neengqondo, nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwintsana ekhulayo.
Ukunciphisa i-hemoglobin kumntwana kunzima ukuchonga ngokukhawuleza. Ukulala, ukuphelelwa kwesidlo, ukukhathala okuphezulu kubonakala kuyimpawu zesikhashana zabantwana kwaye ungakhange ukhange umdla. Kwaye ngeli xesha umntwana akayikugaya i-microelements ayifunayo, kwaye i-metabolism iyaphazamiseka.
Ngoko, ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili ze-hemoglobin ephantsi komntwana?
- buthathaka;
- umbala wesikhumba obalahlekileyo;
- ngxamele ukutya;
- ukungcola;
- ukupheliswa kobutyebi nokukhula;
- izinwele ezinqabileyo, izipikili, isikhumba esomileyo;
- ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- utshintsho ekuziphatheni (imimoya emibi, i-whims);
- amaqanda rhoqo kunye nezifo zokuphefumula.
Hayizo zonke ezi zimpawu zibonakaliswa nge-hemoglobin enciphise, njengoko zifana nezinye izifo zempilo kubantwana. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuseloko kubangela ukunikezelwa kweemvavanyo, okwenza kube lula ukucacisa imeko.
Kutheni umntwana ephethe i-hemoglobin ephantsi?
- inqanaba elincinci lensimbi egazini lomntwana okanye umama osondlayo;
- ukungabikho kwevithamini B 12, i-folic acid, ithusi;
- Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kumntwana (izicubu kunye neeseli abanalo ixesha lokuzivumelanisa nombuso omtsha womzimba);
- umntwana wazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ukuzalwa kwangaphambi);
- izifo ezidluliselweyo (izifo ezithintekayo, i-hematological, incological);
- ukuzalwa.
Nangona kunjalo, okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ukuba umgangatho we-hemoglobin kubantwana beeminyaka ezahlukeneyo uhluka. Ngokomzekelo, kwiintsana, inqanaba eliphezulu le-hemoglobin (134-220 g), nangaphezulu kunomntu omdala. Esibelethweni, uphefumula ngegazi kunye nemfuno ephezulu ye-hemoglobin iyimfuneko yokusinda. Kakade kwiiveki zokuqala zobomi kunye neenyanga ezi-2, izinga lalo lihla ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo lilingana malunga ne-90 grams kwitha nganye yegazi. Kwaye ngokunyuka kancinci kwaye kunyaka we-1 kufinyelela kuma-110 g. Ngeminyaka eyi-3, izinga le-hemoglobin lizinzileyo ukusuka kwi-120 ukuya kwi-150 g.
Indlela yokukhulisa i-hemoglobin baby?
Nge-hemoglobin ephantsi kumntwana, unyango lusekelwe kwisondlo esifanelekileyo kunye nokufumana umzimba womntwana wazo zonke izondlo eziyimfuneko. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukubandakanya kwimveliso yokutya equkethe ininzi yesinyithi (kungekhona ngaphantsi kwe-0.8 mg ngosuku). Ukufikelela kwiinyanga ezi-6, umntwana ufumana inani elifunekayo lesinyithi kunye nobisi lomama. Inqanaba eliyimfuneko yentsimbi lixutywa kwimimiselo yabantwana (kuba iintsana zokuqala zenyuka ngamaxesha angama-2).
Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, iimveliso ezandisa i-hemoglobin kubantwana ziya kunceda ukuzalisa ukusilela kwesi sigaba:
- Ubisi (0.05 g yentsimbi nganye nge-100 g yemveliso).
- Inkukhu (1.5).
- Isonka (1.7).
- Iibhontshisi (1.8).
- Isipinashi, isaladi eluhlaza (6).
- Iipatata (0.7).
- Iklabishi (0.5).
- IiApile (0.8).
- Igromegranate (1.0).
Akuyimfuneko ukunyusa umntwana nge porridges ngaphezu kwe-1 ixesha ngosuku, kuba ziphazamisa ukutyunjwa okuqhelekileyo kwintsimbi, i-tea kuze kube yiminyaka emi-2 iyaphikiswa ngokubanzi.
Kwakhona, kufuneka uqaphele ubisi lweenkomo ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-9. Awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa eluhlaza, iya kulimaza umcoko wegastric tract, kwaye ukutyunjwa kwesinyithi kuya kuphazamiseka.
Ngaloo ndlela, imenyu kufuneka ihlale iquka inyama (inyama yenkomo, isibindi), isonka, imifuno kunye neziqhamo. Kwakhona, udokotela wezilwanyana unokumisela ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza akhethekileyo ( activiferin , tardiferron, ferrum lek, haemophore).