Phakathi kweendlela ezininzi zokwenza ikhaya elihle emehlweni, i-dahlias yendabuko yindabuko eyaziwayo, ukutshala nokunonyameza okungeke kufuneke nayiphi na i-infusions ebalulekileyo okanye nayiphi na ulwazi olukhethekileyo.
Ukuhlala komhlaba - i-dahlias yonyaka
Izibhedlele ezinama-dahlias onyakeni nceda ujonge iliso ngokukhazimula okugqithisileyo kwemifuno emininzi. Ezi ntyatyambo zingasetyenziselwa ukuphumeza phantse naziphi na iingcamango zokubumba: iipopu , i- mixborders , imibhede yeentyatyambo kunye neentyantyambo , kunye nomhlobiso olula weentaba zawo. Ukutyalwa kweqela, ngokuqhelekileyo ukhethe iintlobo ezincinci ezikhulayo, izityalo ezingatshatanga-ezide. Ubungqina bolu sityalo kukuba luyakhula minyaka yonke (imbewu yokuhlwayela) kwaye njengesityalo esingapheliyo (ukumba i-tuber ebusika).
Ukuze i-dahlias ibe ngumhlobiso ogcweleyo we-site ekuqaleni kwehlobo, sebenzisa indlela yokutsalwa kweso sityalo. I-Dahlias yonyaka, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela okuqala ngokuhlwayela ngqo kwintsimi yeentyatyambo, kubonakalisa amandla abo ekupheleni kwehlobo, xa ezininzi izityalo zitshintshile. Ukudibanisa zombini le ndlela yokulima i-dahlias iyakunconywa kuyo yonke imifuno eluhlaza.
Dahlias ngonyaka - iintlobo
Ukugqiba ukutshala kwisayithi i-dahlias dwarf yonyaka, ungathenga ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo eziqinisekisiweyo zendawo ephawulwe "ukuxuba". Uze ufumane njengomphumo webhedi eqaqambileyo yeentyatyambo ezifanayo kwiimpawu (ukuphakama kwesihlathi, ixesha lokuqhawula kunye nomlinganiselo webala) kunye needahlias ezingafaniyo. Abo banqwenela ukwazi kakuhle oko baya kufikelela ekuphumeni, kuyafaneleka ukuba banake ingqalelo kwiintlobo ezilandelayo:
- "Makube mnandi abantu" - kubalulekile ukuba ulinde iifom zokuqala ezi zihlukileyo, kwaye kuyacaca ukuba igama linikwe kuye ngeze: iziqhamo eziqaqambileyo, ezilula kunye namaziko asephuzi zikhangeleka ngokunyanisekileyo kwaye ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba, ngaphezu kokuthanda, bangela ukumomotheka;
- "Vasilisa" - inketho enhle kulabo abafuna ukuzonwabisa nobukhulu be-dahlias ngaphandle kokushiya amakhaya abo: i-stordy sturdy stem kunye nexesha lokuqala lokugquma livulela ithuba lokukhula le mibala kwibala okanye kwi window;
- "Iipom-pom ezikhanyayo" - uhlobo lwama-dahlia kaJulayi ejikelezayo, efanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo yokuhlobisa umzila wamasimi kunye neendlela zokwakha izakhiwo;
- "I-Bambino" - encinci (ukuya kuma-25 cm ukuphakama) i-terry dahlias eneentloko ezinkulu, ephuma phakathi kwe-Julayi ukuya kwiqabunga;
- "I-Opera" - i-terry dahlias emikhulu yemibala emnene, ilungele ukulungiswa kweentyatyambo.
Dahlias ngonyaka - ukutyala
Njengoko sele sele khankanywe ngasentla, ukutyala i-dahlias yonyaka kwindawo evulekile kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini: ngqo, xa imbewu ihlwayelwa ngqo kwigadi yeentyatyambo, kunye nembewu. Indlela yokuqala ayibangeli ubunzima kwinqanaba lokutshala, kodwa lifuna ukunakekelwa ngokunyamekileyo kwezityalo: ukuchithwa okuchanekileyo kunye nokutyala. Ukongezelela, imilambo yangaphambili kule meko ayinakubalwa. Indlela ehleliyo idinga ukuxabana nokukhanyisa nokukhawulela , kodwa emva kokufika emadini yeentyatyambo iinzame zinciphisa ukutyilwa kunye nokucoca.
Indlela yokutyala i-dahlias yonyaka emhlabathini?
Makhe siqwalasele ngokungakumbi iinkcukacha zokutshala i-dahlias yonyaka kwiindlela zonke zokulima:
- Ukuhlwayela i-dahlias ngqo kwibhedi yeentyatyambo, iindawo ezincinci zenziwa kwiindawo zomhlaba, apho imbewu ibeka khona kwaye ngokukhawuleza yawahlutha ngomhlaba kwaye iyanisela. Emva kokubonakala kweembande ezincinci, ukuhluthwa kwezihluma ezinobuthakathaka nezibuthakathaka zenziwa.
- Xa utyala izithombo phantsi kwehlathi ngalinye limba umgodi omncinci, ukubeka ukuze intamo yentamo ibe ngaphantsi kwinqanaba lomhlaba.
Xa ucebisa intsimi yeentyatyambo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba indawo phantsi kokutsalwa kwe-dahlia kufuneka ilungele kwaye ikhuselwe emoyeni. Ukuba kwi-penumbra kusekho ithuba lokukhula umboniso olungaphezulu okanye ongaphantsi kwelo sityalo, ngoko kwisithunzi se-dahlia solule ngamandla kwaye silahlekelwe isabelo seengonyama sokuzilungisa kwazo. Xa utyala izithombo, kuyimfuneko ukuphatha iingcambu ngokucokisekileyo - kukulungele ukubeka izithombo emgodini kunye ne-clod yomhlaba ebhodweni.
Kuphi umgama ukutshala i-dahlias yonyaka?
Ukutshala i-dahlias yonyaka emhlabathini ovulekileyo kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuqwalasela ukuba emva kwexesha baya kuba yindawo eluhlaza eluhlaza, oluya kufuna indawo eninzi yamahhala. Isithuba phakathi kwama-dahlias ezindidi ezikhulayo kufuneka zibe ubuncinane be-30 cm, phakathi kweendanga ezide - ubuncinane be-60 cm. I-Dahlias, ukutyala kwonyaka kunye nokunyamekelwa okwenziwe ngokuphulwa kwezi zikhathi, kuyanyanzelekile ukuba kukhuphiswano lwelanga elikhanyayo, okubangela ukuba kubekho ulwelwe olunamandla kwiindleko zeentyantyambo .
Nini ukutshala i-dahlias yonyaka?
Makhe siye kwiinkcukacha ezingakumbi ngombuzo oyintloko, xa kutyalwa i-dahlias yonyaka xa ikhulile ukusuka kwimbewu? Isikhathi sokuhlwayela ngqo kwintsimi yeentyatyambo siwela kwisiqingatha sesibini seMeyi, xa isongelo sobushushu bobusuku siqinisekisiwe ukuba sidlule. Izithombo ziyenziwa ukuhamba phantsi kwezulu evulekileyo ekuqaleni kukaJune, ukuba lukhuni ixesha elithile. Kubalulekile ukunyamekela ukuhlwayela imbewu kwiimbewu ngaphambi kweveki yesibini ka-Ephreli, ukwenzela ukuba ngexesha lokutshala kwintsimi yeentyatyambo, i-dahlias yayilungele ukuqhutywa kwezimbali.
Dahlias ngonyaka
Ukuthabatha iliso ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, ubukhulu kunye nemibala, i-dahlias yonyaka ivumela iiprojekthi zenkalipho ezinamandla ukuba zizaliswe ngokuncinci kwabasebenzi. Ukuzama iintlobo ezintsha kunye neepatheni zokutyala ezingavamile, unako ukuguqula ngokupheleleyo isayithi nganye ixesha. Ziziphi i-dahlias ezilungileyo zonyaka, ukuba ukutyala kunye noongikazi kufinyeleleke nakumntu onobuncinci bamava ekhulayo kunye nexesha lokukhulula.
Umhlaba weedahlias zonyaka
Ngokungaqhelekanga njengoko kunokuvakala, ukutshala i-dahlias yonyaka emhlabathini kuqala ngokude ngaphambi kokufika kumalungiselelo welizwe kwisayithi ekhethiweyo. Kumele ichongwe, khetha imithombo yezityalo ezikhulayo kwaye wenze iziqu zomquba: umquba, i-humus okanye i-humus. Ukuze kuqhutywe imilambo epheleleyo, isityalo siya kufuna ezininzi izondlo, ngelixa umhlaba kufuneka ube nezinga eliphezulu lokunyameka kunye nokuphelelwa komoya. Zomibini ezinzima kakhulu kunye nenhlabathi enesihlabathi esilulayo kuya kufaneleka ngokufanayo kwi-dahlias.
Iintyatyambo zonyaka-dahlias-reproduction
Wonke umntu othe wanyula ukuba atyale i-dahlias kwiindidi zeentyatyambo zentyatyambo, ukukhula nokunyamekela akuyi kuzisa nayiphi na ingxaki. Kwaye ukufaneleka kuya kuba yinkomfa yokuvunwa ngokufanelekileyo kwembewu ngexesha elizayo. Ixesha lokuqokelela imbewu ngo-Oktobha, ngaphambi kokuba iqhwa lifike. Intloko eziqhekekileyo kufuneka zinqunywe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye zomiswe, ziqokelele imbewu, ize zishiye ukugcinwa, zifakwe kwiipaki zephepha. Ukuzaliswa, ungasebenzisa kunye nezigulane, ezicatshulwa ngokucokisekileyo emhlabathini, ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate kwaye zigcinwe kwindawo epholileyo.
Dahlias ngonyaka - izifo
Ngexesha apho i-dahlias yonyaka iqhakazile, i-agent engabangela izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, phantsi kweempembelelo zeziphi izityalo ezilahlekelwa yinkqonkqozo yangaphandle, okanye zifa nje, zisebenza ngokubonakalayo. Phakathi kwezinto ezibuhlungu, amaxhoba awo angama-dahlias, i-grey, ibomvu kunye nomhlophe obolayo, i-fusarium wilt kunye nebala leqabunga. Ekubeni kweefungi ezihlukeneyo, izifo eziguguzelayo zixhatshazwa yizinto ezifanayo: ukugqithisa ngokugqithisileyo kwezityalo, ezibandayo kunye nemvula emanzi, i-nitrogen engaphezulu kwiifom.
Ukujongana nale ngxaki inokuyinkqubo enzima kuphela, kubandakanywa nokususwa kwintsimi yeentyatyambo kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezityalo ezichaphazelekayo, ngokubambisana nokusetyenziswa kwee-agent ze-antifungal (i-fungicides) ezikhethekileyo, umzekelo, i-phytosporin okanye ilitye lesiseko. Ngeenjongo zokuthintela, ixesha eliphakathi kwezityalo kufuneka ligcinwe ngokucacileyo, imimandla ephuculweyo kunye neendawo ezikhanyayo kufuneka kukhethwe ukutyalwa kwaye akufanele ilinywe ngokutyiliswa.
Ukunyamekela i-dahlias yonyaka
Makhe siqwalasele ngokukodwa indlela yokunyamekela ngayo i-dahlias yonyaka, ukuze intsimi yeentyatyambo ingabonwa njengokratshi lokwenene. Ukwenza oku, kususa rhoqo kwi-bhedlele yeentyatyambo ukhula kuyo, ungayikhohlwa malunga nexesha (kungekho ngaphezu kweentsuku ezi-7) ukuthambisa, ugcine ixesha eliphakanyisiweyo phakathi kwamahlathi kunye nexesha elizeleyo ukuzalisa. I-Dahlias yonyaka, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela okwenziwa ngokuhambelana nale miyalelo elula ihluke nakwabanye abantu bakhulileyo abakhulileyo.
Yintoni yokutya i-dahlias yonyaka?
Ezi ziintyatyambo ezinjengotyhusi zonyaka zonyaka ezityalo kunye nokuzinakekela zivele zingenakwenzeka ngaphandle kwincinci "encinci". I-fertilizing yokuqala iqhutyelwa kwinqanaba lembewu, malunga neentsuku ezingama-20 emva kokukhupha izihluma emhlabeni. Njengoko isichumiso sokuqala, isisombululo esilungileyo esilungileyo kunye nomxholo omkhulu we-nitrogen isetyenziswe. I-Dahlias ngonyaka, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekwa kuhamba kunye rhoqo (iintsuku ezili-15 ukuya kwi-20) ngokusebenzisa inani elincinci lezityalo ezichumayo, ziyakwazi ukukhula, zenze ihlathi kwaye zenze i-inflorescences ezinkulu.
Ukuququzelela i-dahlias yonyaka
Umbuzo ochaphazelekayo kubo bonke abaqholi be-florists, abenza amanyathelo okuqala ekuzaliseni i-dahlias, yindlela yokucoca i-dahlias ngonyaka, kwaye sifanele senze konke? I-Prischipka stem ephakathi ikunceda ukuba iqulunqa isiqhumane esichukumisayo kwaye ivuselele izimbali ezininzi kunye nokuhamba phambili. Ukuze ufumane iintyatyambo ezinkulu, ngaphandle kwe-prischipki stem kukwacetyiswa ukuba ususe (pluck) i-buds eyongezelelweyo. Le nkqubo ibangela ukuba isityalo sikhombise yonke imikhosi kunye nezondlo ezingenawo amaqabunga, kodwa zibe ziintyatyambo.
Ukutshintshwa kweedahlias zonyaka
Njengazo ezinye izityalo eziqhakazileyo, ukutshatyalaliswa kwexinzelelo ukusuka kwindawo eya kwindawo ye-dahlia kukuphela kweemeko ezimbi kakhulu. Inketho ekhuselekileyo yindlela yokutshintshela i-dahlias yonyaka - ukuyihambisa kwindawo entsha yokuhlala kunye ne-clod yomhlaba. Kulo mngxobhozo, akusiyo into eyongezayo yokongeza intsimbi encinci, kwaye emva kokutshala kakhulu amanzi. Yenza umsebenzi ongcono kakhulu kwizulu, epholile.