I-pepper yaseBulgaria, ihluma, ikhula kwaye iyakhathalela inempawu ezininzi, ukungazi nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekugxinineni kwesitshixo kunye nokunciphisa isivuno. Izityalo ezinokuphuhliswa kakuhle, ezinamandla zinokufunyanwa kuphela ngokunkcenkceshela okunomgangatho kunye nokulinganisa okuqhelekileyo kwimihla ngemihla, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina zonke iimfuno ze-agrotechnical.
Ukutshala ipepper kwiimbewu
Ukulima kwembewu yepilisi kuqala ngokulungiswa komhlaba ofanelekileyo, ukwakhiwa okulinganayo kubandakanya:
- umhlaba okanye iqela lomhlaba (50%);
- humus okanye peat (25%);
- isanti (25%);
- engeza 10 g ye-ash ngekg yomhlaba.
Emva kokuxuba, umxube womhlaba awukhuselekanga (ngoqhwa, ukuqhuma okanye ukubala). Emva koko kufuneka i-fungicide isetyenziswe ukudala i-microflora efunekayo kwaye ichithe i-pathogen. Kwigumbi lokuhlamba isisombululo se-potassium permanganate, galela umxube womhlaba uze ubeke imbewu kunye nezilwanyana. Phezulu ngomxube womhlaba we-1 ukuya ku-1.5 cm, ukudibanisa, uthele. Ngaphezulu kweso sitsha, beka i-polyethylene okanye iplastiki, udale umphumo we-mini-plate.
Imbewu yezityalo ikulungiswe ngale ndlela:
- bahlolisise ngokucophelela, balahle izinto ezimele okanye ezinobungozi;
- ukucwina imbewu, sebenzisa isisombululo se-fungicide okanye i-manganese (umbala omnyama obomvu), inqubo ithatha imizuzu engama-25-30;
- Hlanza, usasaze kwi-cloth ecocekileyo, ufaka phezulu kunye ne-gauze, kwindawo efudumeleyo;
- emva kweentsuku eziyi-10-14, imbewu ihlwayelwa ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokulimaza i-rootlets ephosakeleyo, ukuyithumela kwiindawo zokutyala ezilungiselelwe.
Nini ukutshala ipepper kwiimbewu?
Ukuhlwayelwa kwepilisi kuhlwayelwa ngexesha, ngokuthe ngqo kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ezikhethiweyo, ukwazi iziganeko eziphambili, imbewu yokulima:
- iintlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa - iintsuku ezingama-65 ngaphambi kokutyala kwintsimi;
- iintlobo zokutya eziphakathi-iintsuku ezingama-70;
- iintlobo zokuvuthwa kwexesha elide - iintsuku ezingama-75 ngaphambi kokuphuma.
Ixesha elona lifanelekileyo lokukhuphula izithombo, abaninzi abalimi baqwalaselwa phakathi koFebruwari, kodwa ngenxa yokuba usuku olukhanyayo le nyanga lusemncinci, luya kulugqamisa izityalo ngokuncediswa kwezibane . Izigulana ezizaliswe yiMbewu zinengqiqo ukufumana kwiifestile eziseningizimu, ukwenzela ukuba imilayezo yokuqala yelanga ithande amahlumela, oku kuya kukhawuleza ukukhula kwabo. Ekuqaleni kukaKwindla, unokulindela ukubonakala kwamagqabi okuqala, oko kukuthi, ngokuqala kokutshintshwa kwezityalo ukuvula indawo, ziya kukhula kwaye zikhule ziqina.
I-pepper yaseBulgaria-ukunakekelwa kwezityalo
Imifuno yemifuno enomquba, izityalo ezikhulayo kunye nokunyamekela kufuneka kuphunyezwe ngokungqongqo kwimigaqo-teknoloji yezolimo, iimbewu zezityalo kufuneka zingabi zikhulu, ziyeke u-3-4 cm phakathi kwezityalo ezizayo, ukuphepha ukuthatha, i-pepper ayiyithandi. Xa izityalo zihlume, kufuneka uwasuse indawo yokukhusela kwaye uhambelane neendlela ezifunekayo zokunyamekela imbewu yepilisi:
- ukubonelela ukukhanya okwaneleyo, ukushisa kwegumbi lokufudumala (kungaphantsi kwama-24-26 ° C);
- Umoya kwigumbi le-moisten, izityalo zifakela;
- manzi amahlumela emva kweentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwethathu, usebenzisa amanzi afudumeleyo, ungavumeli ubuncwane obuninzi kunye nokumisa komhlaba;
- umhlaba kancane ngaphambi kokuthambisa;
- ukuba kuyimfuneko, cwangcisa ngokucophelela,
- de kube ngumzuzwana wokutshala izityalo, ukutya kunye nokuqina komoya omtsha.
Iipilisi - izithombo zokuthambisa
Izithombo zeepilisi ekhaya kufuneka zixutywe ngokwemodare, ngaphandle kokuqokelelwa kwamanzi amaninzi, ngaphandle koko iingcambu ziya kubola kwaye izityalo ziya kufa. Amanzi okunkcenkceshela kucetyiswa ukuba afudumele, + 25-30 ° C, ngaphandle koko izityalo ziya kuba zibuthathaka kwaye ziya kufa. Ngokukhawuleza manzi izithombo ezimbini okanye kathathu kwiintsuku ezingama-5-7, xa imbewu iya kukhulula amaphecana - imihla ngemihla. Ukukhusela izifo zefungal emanzini (kabini kwinyanga), ungongeza isisombululo se-biofinguacid (trichoderma, planaris).
Indlela yokutya imbewu yeepilisi?
Ukutshala imbewu ngepilisi, ukuhluma, ukukhula nokunyamekela, kunye neminye imiba, kwisondlo sesibini:
- okokuqala - xa amaqabunga ama-2-3 akhula okanye ukhethwa (xa bekufuneka);
- okwesibini - emva kweveki 2-3.
Ukongeza izithombo zeepilisi zisebenza ngokugqithiseleyo ngendlela yesisombululo samanzi, ukusetyenziswa kule njongo eyenziwe ngokulungelelaniswa kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezithengiweyo kwiivenkile. Emva kokufaka isichumiso, uninzi uthule umhlaba. Njengomququzeli wezityalo, ungasebenzisa i-nettle ye-nettle, uyilungiselele kwisilinganiselo: enye inxalenye ye-nettle kwiindawo ezilishumi zamanzi, ixesha lokunyusa-iintsuku ezimbini.
Ukutyalwa kwembewu zepilisi
Isithombo sepilisi esitshalisiweyo kwindawo evulekile emva kokulungiswa kweso siza. Ekwindla, faka amaminerali kunye nezinto ezinobungozi kwisayithi ehlongozwayo yokutyala ngokuchumisa, entwasahlobo ye-ammonium nitrate. Ukutshintshwa ngokucokisekileyo, ngaphandle kokuphula i-clod yomhlaba malunga neengcambu, oku kuya kubandakanywa ukulimala kwakhe. Gqiba ngokucacileyo izithombo kwiimingxuma, ufefe umhlaba, uthele umhlaba ujikeleze kancane kwaye uthele. Umgama phakathi kwezityalo ushiye ubuncinane i-25-30 cm, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezityalwe kumgama othile, kungcono kumbhede ubude be-25-30 cm.