Utamatisi luhlaza. Uyakuthanda ukukhanya nokufudumala, kwaye akayikunyamezela ukunyusa okungaphezulu kunye nemimoya eqinile. Ngoko ke, ukutyala utamatisi kwindawo evulekile kufuneka kudlule ngokuhambelana nemithetho ethile. Kwaye ke ukusuka kwintsimi yakho uya kuqokelela uninzi lwezityalo ezihlwaya, ezifanelekileyo kunye ezintle.
Indlela yokutyala utamatisi emhlabathini?
Ukuba ufuna ukufunda indlela yokutshala utamatisi ngokuchanekileyo, okokuqala, okokuqala, kufuneka ukhethe indawo yokutyala. Ngenxa yokuba utamatisi ukhetha ilanga elikhanyayo, ke isayithi kubo kufuneka ihlale ilungile kwaye ibekwe kwicala leeward. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukulungiselela umhlaba. Kungcono ukuba ngumxube we-peat, i-humus kunye ne-sod yomhlaba ngokukongeza kwentlabathi yomlambo. Ukususela ekutyalweni okufanelekileyo kweetamatati kwindawo evulekileyo kuya kuxhomekeka kumgangatho wesityalo, kunye nobungakanani bawo.
Ukutyala utamatisi kwiimbewu zezityalo
Iintlobo zesitato kufuneka zibe neengcambu eziphuculwe kakuhle. Ukuphakama kwabo kuphezulu kufuneka kube malunga ne-25 cm. Ngaphambi kokutyala, kuyimfuneko ukucoca izityalo kakuhle ngamanzi. Susa kwi-tank, zama ukugcina ubuninzi behlabathi kwizityalo zetamatatoes. Oku kuya kubanceda bakwazi ukuhambelana kakuhle phantsi kweemeko ezintsha. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokutyala utamatisi kwindawo evulekile kunye nezityalo. Nazi ezinye ezithandekayo kubo.
- Ukutyala utamatisi kwindawo evulekile kwimingxondorha yinto eqhelekileyo. Imigodi iyacinywa kwindawo ekhethiweyo. Ubunzulu bawo bube yinto yokuba ingcambu kunye nengxenyana engezantsi ye-stem hide. Unokushiya amaqabunga ama-3-4 kuphela phezu komhlaba, uze uzalise yonke indawo kunye nomhlaba. Ngaphambi kokutyala izithombo, umthombo uphuziswa, umsila utyalwa kuwo kwaye umhlaba ufafazwe phezulu. Ukuqhelanisa ngokucacileyo umhlaba ojikeleze izityalo, unokufihla ukutshala kunye nokufaka iimbogi zegaraji zezityalo.
- Abalimi abaninzi bacebisa ukutshala izithombo kwiitamatato ezityalwe. Ukwenza oku, cima umda ongaphezulu kwe-10 cm, uphuzisa uze ubeke izithombo ezihlumayo, ushiye kuphela phezulu kunye namacembe angaphezulu komhlaba. Kwiindawo ezingaphantsi komhlaba kwi-stem kuya kuba neengcambu ezongezelelweyo, kwaye isityalo siya kukhula siqine kwaye siqine.
- Ukutyala utamatisi kwindawo evulekile kunokwenziwa kwaye kuthiwa yiyoyoka. Kufanelekile izithombo ezigqithisileyo zize zifike kumlinganiselo weemitha. Ukumba umgama malunga no-25 cm. Isitsholo kunye neengcambu zixutywa ngamanzi kwaye zifakwe emgodini kwisangqa ngesimo senyoka. Gcwalisa ngobuncwane isityalo kunye nomhlaba, uthele ngamanzi afudumele kwaye ufefe nge-peat ephahlayo evela phezulu, eya kugcina umswakama.
Ukutyala imbewu yetamatato
Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokukhula izityalo zentamatayi ngokwakho, kufuneka ufunde ukutshala utamatisi kunye nembewu. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka uqale uhlume. Oku kungathatha ukusuka kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiiveki eziyi-1.5. Ngaphambi kokuba kuhlwayelwe, izimbobo zenziwe ngo-40 cm. Ziza kutyhala ngepinki ye-potassium permanganate. Imbewu ehlumayo ihanjiswa ngokusemgangathweni kunye nomngxube oxutywe kunye noomileyo. Ngeqabunga eliphindaphindiweyo, loo mbewu ehlumayo ingafisa, ngelixa izomileyo, ngelixa zisemhlabeni, zigcinwe kangcono.
Emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ama-2-3 kumahlumela, izityalo kufuneka zitshulwe ngaphandle kwaye zodwa ziqineleyo zazo zimele zishiywe. Ukucuthwa okwesibini kufanele kwenziwe xa kuvela amaqabunga angama-4-5. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze ukucuthwa kokugqibela, umthombo kunye namahlumela kufuneka uchithe kakuhle amanzi. Kwi fossa nganye kuyimfuneko ukushiya 3-4 izityalo, kunye nokufakelwa okungenasiphelo kwindawo apho izityalo zibuthathaka okanye zihambe ngokupheleleyo.
Umgama phakathi kweetamatati xa utshalwa
Abaqalayo abaqalayo balimi banomdla kwindlela yokulima utamatisi. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwiintlobo zeetamatato. Phakathi kweentsika zentamatyambo emfutshane zihlala zifikelela kuma-40-50 cm, kwaye umgama phakathi kwemigca - 50-70 cm imide ende kufuneka ityalwe ngaphantsi komnye. Ukongezelela, utamatisi weentlobo zokuqala unokutyalwa kunye nekhefu elingama-35 cm, ububanzi obuphakathi kwe-40 cm kunye ne-45 cm.
Ixesha lokutshala utamatisi
Ukuba sihlwaya utamatisi emhlabathini, ixesha kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngeemeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo zingahluka. Kuxhomekeke kubushushu bomoya ojikelezayo, kunye nomhlaba. Ekubeni utamatisi uyisityalo esithandayo ukushisa, sinokubandezeleka kakhulu ngexesha lama-frosts entwasahlobo. Ngoko ke, ityala utamatisi kufuneka ityalwe kuphela xa ukushisa komoya kungangeni phantsi kwe-15 ° C. Ukutyala utamatisi kwindawo evulekile kungcono ukhethe ubusuku obushushu. Ngobusuku izityalo ziya kufumana ubuncinci kwaye ilanga lingayi kubatshabalalisa.
Ukunyamekela utamatisi emva kokutyala
Ixesha lokufunda indlela yokunyamekela utamatisi emva kokutyala. Emva kwakho konke, ukuba awuyikunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo, izityalo ziya kugula, iintyatyambo kunye nama-ovari - ukuwa, ukuveliswa kuya kuncipha, kwaye inkcazo iya kuncipha. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga ngokucophelela imeko yezityalo, ngexesha kwaye ngokufanelekileyo ukuphendula naluphi na utshintsho kwimeko yazo. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka inikelelwe ukuchumisa kunye nokuthambisa utamatisi, ukukhupha izityalo, ukukhulula umhlaba phantsi kwazo kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo.
Indlela yokutya utamatisi emva kokutyala?
Umnini ngamnye ufuna ukukhula isivuno esihle sesitato. Nangona kunjalo, kule nto kufuneka ukwazi ukuba izichumisi zenze ntoni xa utyala utamatisi. Ufumene umcebisi welondolozo lwengqolowa ngexesha lexesha ukuqhuba ezine zondlo zezimpande zezi zityalo. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokutya okuhlukahlukeneyo.
- Ngethuba lokuqala izityalo zentyatyambo zondla iintsuku ezingama-21 emva kokufika kwindawo evulekile. Ukwenza oku, thatha iilitha ezili-10 zamanzi 1 tbsp. isichumisi se-spoon New Ideal kunye ne-1 tbsp. i-spoonful nitrofusca. Esinye isityalo, uthele ihafu yesitha yesisombululo.
- Okwesibini utamatisi lunokudliwa ngexesha lokutshala kwebhokisi lesibini. Sebenzisa olu hlobo: 1 tbsp. ipoon Agricola Vegeta, 1 tbsp. i-spoon ye-superphosphate, i-1 teaspoon ye-chloride okanye i-potassium sulfate. Elinye iqela kufuneka lichithwe li-1 ilitha yesichumisi.
- Emva kokuqhakaza i-3 brashi yeentyatyambo, isondlo sesithathu senziwa. Sebenzisa kuye isisombululo: 1 tbsp. iipuni ze-sodium humate kunye ne-1 tbsp. iipuni ze nitrofusca kwi-10 ilitha amanzi. I square 1. Umyezo we-garden we sebenzisa iilitha ezingama-5.
- Ngethuba lokugqibela sifaka iitamatisi ezili-14 emva kweentsuku ezidlulileyo. Silungiselela isisombululo seelitha ezili-10 zamanzi kunye ne-1 tbsp. iipuni ze-superphosphate, uthele iititha ezili-10 zesisombululo se-square 1. m wegadi.
Zingaphi ixesha lokuthambisa utamatisi emva kokutyala?
Omnye umbuzo obalulekileyo oxhalabisa yonke into yokulima: xa uthabatha utamatisi emva kokutshala. Ukutshala izityalo zeetamatato emhlabathini, kufuneka sihlambe amanzi onke amahlathi. Ngoko ke, ixesha elithile emva kokutyala, akufuneki ukuthambisa. Ngokuxhomekeka kubukho bemvula entwasahlobo, utamatisi unokuqaliswa amanzi emva kweveki ezimbini. Ukuba kuyimvula eyomileyo, ngoko unokuqala ukuthambisa.
Xa utyilisa, zama ukuthulula amanzi phantsi kweengcambu zesityalo, ungawa phantsi kwamagqabembe awo, njengoko oku kukukhokelela kwisifo seetatayi . Ngesizathu esifanayo asikuthandeki ukufeza nokufafaza itamatato. Kungcono ukuwahambisa emini. Emva kokutshala kwaye ngaphambi kokuvelisa iziqhamo, ukutyilisa akufanele kubekho rhoqo: kufuneka ube ngumhlaba kuphela. Kodwa ngokuqala kokuvuthwa kweetamatato, imfuno yabo yamanzi yanda ngokukhawuleza. Ukususela ngeli xesha, izityalo zamanzi kufuneka zihlale zihlala rhoqo kwaye zihlala zihlala.
Yintoni onokutshala utamatisi?
Ukujikelezwa kwesityalo esilungileyo yintlobo yemifuno isisigxina sexesha elizayo lokuvuna. Ukutyala okunjalo kweetamatato kwindawo evulekile kugweba izifo ezininzi ezidluliselwa kwizityalo ezihambelanayo. Ukongezelela, ukuba uhlakulela isityalo esisinye ixesha elide, ukuzala komhlaba kwehla ngokukhawuleza, kwaye awuyi kukwazi ukufumana isivuno esilindelekileyo kumhlaba onjalo. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba yintoni inokutyalelwa itamatato.
Ndinokuyitya ukutshala iklabishi ecaleni kwetamatatoes?
Ukusondela kweminye imifuno kunokunyusa isivuno kunye nokukhusela kwizifo kunye nezilwanyana ezinambuzane, kunye nezinye izityalo zingacinezela kwaye ziphazamise ukuveliswa okuqhelekileyo koomelwane. Indlela yokutyala utamatisi ukwenzela ukuba enye imifuno ifumaneke ukufumana isivuno esihle kakhulu? Emva kweetamatato, unokutshala zonke iintlobo zeklabishi: ezimhlophe, ezimhlophe, i-Brussels, i-broccoli. Yiyo kohlrabi kuphela ngummelwane ongenakuthandwa kwiitamatato.
Ndiyakutyala i-eggplants kunye neetamatato?
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukutshala utamatisi kwindawo evulekile, ungakulibala ukubuza ukuba yiyiphi imifuno ehamba kakuhle kunye neetamatato. Iingcali azicebisi ukukhetha ama-aubergini, amazambane, i-fennel kunye ne-dill kwizityalo zamatamatati. Kodwa i-garlic, izaqathe, i-anyanisi ziya kuba zihlobo ezintle kwiitato. I-salvia ye-spicy herbs kunye ne-mint, i-marigold kunye ne-marigold ayiyikukhusela kuphela iintlekele kwiitamatisi, kodwa iya kuba yinto enhle yokulungisa umyezo wakho.
Unokutshala utamatisi kunye nepelepele?
Bobabini utamatisi kunye nepelepele zingabomndeni waseSolanaceae. Ezi mifuno zifuna imimiselo efanayo yophuhliso kunye ne-fruiting, kwaye ukunyamekela kwabo kufana. Ngoko ke, xa kuphakama umbuzo, indlela yokutshala izityalo zentantyambo kunye nemifuno enokukhula kufuphi, unokukhetha ngokukhuselekileyo kubamelwane kwiitatayi pepper. Isivuno sezo zombini izityalo ezivela kulo mmandla asinakuchaphazeleka, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha sinokunyuka ngenxa yokunyamekela okufanayo.