Ukuxhalabisayo kubantwana kubangela ubusuku bokulala kunye neentsuku zokuphumla kubazali babo. Ayikho yonke into eyenziwa ngumntwana kufuneka idale i-alarm, ezinye zazo ziqhelekile, nokuba zibonakala zingenjalo. Ngoko ke, kungcono ukwazi iindlela eziququzelela ukuhamba kweli nqanaba.
Bangaphi amazinyo kufuneka umntwana abe nayo?
Inani labo eliqhelekileyo (20) lifikelelwe kwiminyaka eyi-2.5, ukusuka kule ndawo ukuya kutsho iminyaka engama-6 yenguqu ayifani. Ukukwazi ukuba mangaphi amazinyo emntwaneni kubantwana kufuneka abe ngunyaka oluthile luncedo ekuqondeni ukuchaneka kwentuthuko yabantwana. Ukuba ubona ukungafani ngexesha, uya kuphepha iingxaki ezingaphezulu. Ukuqhutyelwa kwamazinyo okungavinjelwa kubantwana, ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, i-rickets okanye iimpawu ezingafuneki unyango ziyakwenza.
Amazinyo ezithintekayo kubantwana - ukuvumelana
Ngethuba ngalinye, isiqhelo salo sichazwa, kodwa kuyafuneka ukuba siqonde ukuba ixesha lokutsalwa kwamazinyo kubantwana lilinganiselwa. Batshintsha phantsi kwefuthe:
- ngesondo (amantombazana athola amazinyo ekuqaleni);
- ukutya komntwana;
- kwamkela amayeza;
- ukutya komama ngexesha lokukhulelwa;
- imfuza.
Okokuqala, i-incisors ephezulu ikhula ukusuka emacaleni, ize ibonakale kumhlathi ophantsi. Bonke abanye bakhula ngokulandelelana. Idayari yamazinyo kubantwana:
- Kwiinyanga ezingama-6-7 ii-2 zicwangciswe amazinyo;
- Kwiintsuku ezingama-60 ezimbini;
- ngeenyanga ezili-10 - 6;
- Kukholelwa ukuba kukho amazinyo ayisibhozo ngonyaka;
- Kwiinyanga ezintathu kufuneka zibe lishumi elinesibini;
- kwixesha elilodwa ukusuka kwisiqingatha seminyaka ukuya kunyaka omnye kunye neenyanga ezili-8 kukho amazinyo angama-16;
- Ngama-2.5 iminyaka inani labo landa ukuya kuma-20.
Emva koko, ukukhula kwamazinyo okwethutyana kuphelile, izisigxina ziqala ukwenza, ukuphambuka kwimimiselo ebonisiweyo yonyaka kuvunyelwe. Iminyaka engama-5,5-6, i-4 ikhula, i-molar yokuqala okanye i-molars. Emva kweminyaka engama-6, inkqubo yokuguqula amazinyo iqala, iphela ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-10-12, inani alidluli kwi-minyaka emibini ezayo, ngaphezulu kwe-4 ikhula, kwaye amazinyo okuhlakanipha angenziwa kuminyaka engama-20-25, ngamanye amaxesha engekhoyo kuwo wonke ubomi.
Amazinyo okuqala omntwana
Isikhathi sokwakheka komhlathi kumntu wonke, kukho iimeko xa iinyo zokuqala emntwaneni zenziwa kwisibeleko somama. Kukho ukuphambuka kolunye uhlangothi, ukungafani nemigangatho engama-3-4 kwinyanga yokuqala yobomi ayiqwalaselwa njengento ephazamisayo. Ukuhlaziya abantwana abakhulu kunonyaka kungase kube ziinyanga ezintandathu emva kwexesha. Xa kwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke kwangaphambili okanye kulibaziseka, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa ulwazi kunye nogqirha. Ukuba akukho nanye iphulo, ke le nyaniso ayiyona ingxaki.
Umyalelo wokutyunjwa kwabantwana - icebo
Isiseko sezinyo zobisi senziwa ngeveki yesixhenxe yokukhulelwa, kwaye ngenyanga yesihlanu isiseko sokuluma senziwa. Ngexesha lokunikezelwa, kukho konke ukubonakala komhlathi opheleleyo. Umzekelo wokutyunjwa kwabantwana ungahluka, kodwa umgangatho ukhangeleka njalo. Wonke amazinyo aphuma ngeendidi ezine-lag yeenyanga ezi-1-2:
- i-incisors - yokuqala, ephakathi;
- lokuqala lomthonyama;
- fangs;
- mihla yesibili.
Xa amazinyo omntwana ephuma , iskimu sokukhuphuka sisasazwa yintloko. Oku kuphawulwa kwakhona kwindlela yokungaveli komgangatho. Idatha echanekileyo ekukhuleni kwamazinyo okuqala iza kunceda ukulungiselela eli xesha-ukufumana iingcebiso kunye neengcebiso zogqirha ukuze zenzele lula. Akuyena wonke umntu onalo bunzima obunzima, abanye abantwana abasayi kubona ezi nguqulelo.
Amazinyo athungatha abantwana - iimpawu
Ekuzalweni, sele kusekho isiseko esibalulekileyo, ukwenzela ukuba amazinyo abantwana, umyalelo wokubonakaliswa kwawo ukhankanywe ngasentla, wenyuka uphilile. Kodwa ukubonelelwa kokutya kwisakhiwo sabo kuyaqhubeka kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi, ngoko ke ixesha libaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo elandelayo. Ngethuba lokusungulwa kokutya okuncedisayo, amazinyo okuqala aqala ukunqunyulwa. Ukuba ababonakali ngamabini, ke kukho ithuba lokufumana ingxaki yokuluma, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthethe nge-orthodontist.
Ubume beempawu zezinto ezithintekayo kubantwana ukuya kunyaka owodwa:
- ubomvu, ukubetha nokuvuvukala kweentlobo;
- ukutya okudandathekileyo;
- obomvu beetama;
- salivation;
- kulala;
- intlungu ezindlebeni nasempumlweni;
- bushushu ;
- utshintsho lwezenzo zemihla ngemihla;
- iingxaki zokugaya.
Ukushisa kwintetho ebantwaneni
Esi sibonakaliso sisona siqhelekileyo kwaye sithathwa njengesenzo esiqhelekileyo. Ukukhula kwamazinyo kubantwana kuyakhuthazwa ngokukhutshwa kwezinto ezithambisa i-gum, ebangela ukufudumala komzimba. Kufuneka uhlawule ingqalelo kumzobo, ukunyuka kwabantwana, ukwanda kwama-37.5 degrees kuvunyelwe. Ukuba iqondo lokushisa lingaphezulu kwama-38 degrees okanye lihlala ixesha elingaphezu kweentsuku ezintathu, umngcipheko wokusuleleka usulelekile, ngoko kufuneka uboniswano lweengcali.
Ukunyuka kwesimo kwi-indicator kusihlwa nobusuku. Ukuba umntwana akanakuyinyamezela loo mqathango, unokumnika i-antipyretic. Kunyanzelekile ukuba ukhethe iindlela ezifanelekileyo ukudala. Izidakamizwa ezincinci kakhulu ezisekelwe kwi-paracetamol - uKalpol, iPanadol, umntwana oneminyaka elilodwa unokunika iNurofen. Kwiqondo lokushisa kakhulu, umkhuhlane uphela i-Nimesulide, kodwa ayikwazi ukuthathwa ixesha elingaphezu kweentsuku ezintathu, ngoko kufuneka kuqeshwe udokotela.
Idayarrha enezinto ezibonakalayo kubantwana
Kukho izizathu ezibini zeli rhulumente.
- Ulwakhiwo oluthe xaxa lwamathe, olukhokelela ekuhlambuleni intlungu. Isiphumo sisisitja esilahlayo esidlulayo njengoko umzimba usetyenziswa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi amaninzi.
- Sulelo. Amazinyo omlenze kubantwana anqunywe ngesitshixo esiqinileyo, esikhokelela kwisifiso esiqhubekayo sokubamba nayiphi na into kwindawo ekufikelele kuyo. Ukuba i-immune system ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana neebhaktheriya eziye zale ndlela, ngoko uhudo luya kuqala. Ngokomyinge, kwenzeka iintsuku ezingama-3-4, ukuba zihlala ngaphezu kweveki, ngoko kufuneka ufunde ugqirha.
Ukunciphisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwabantwana
Le meko ayisoloko ibuhlungu, inokufumaneka kwezi zizathu zilandelayo.
- Isixa esikhulu semali siqokelela emlonyeni, kodwa umkhuhlane ogqithiseleyo upheliswa yi-peristalsis eguqukayo.
- Umntwana ukhalela intlungu kunye nokukhala kutywala umoya omningi, iifrime zayo ezidlulileyo kwi-diaphragm, okubangelwa ukususwa kokutya okutsha kutshanje.
- Ukungavumi kokutya ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kubangela ukuba iinzame zabazali zondle umntwana ngokukhawuleza, okukhokelela ekuhlanza.
- Ukuba amazinyo abantwana aphethwe ngumkhuhlane ophezulu kunye nokuhlanza, oku kungaba ngumqondiso wesifo. Kule meko, kufuneka ukhusele ukukhulelwa kwamanzi , ngokukhawuleza unikele ngamanzi kwi-spoon. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kufuneka uncede ugqirha ugqirha.
Ukhuhlane olunomdla kubantwana
Eli gama lingabizwa ngokuthi:
- coryza ;
- ukuphosa;
- sulelo.
Ukuba ukuqhuma kwamazinyo ebantwaneni kubantwana, kuya kuvela umnqweno wokucima umqala wabo ngenxa yokulala kwabo ngenxa yokuhamba kwamanzi emqaleni. Ukubuyiselwa kwezihlathi kunye ne-chin isimboli. Ukuba akukho mpembelelo kwisimo somzimba kulo mqondiso, usenokukhunjulwa. Oku kuya kuboniswa ukunyuka kwamaqondo okushisa, okwenza ixesha elide ligcine izinga.
Runny ekhaleni kunye nezingane
Esi sibonakaliso siqhelekileyo kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya, kodwa i-snot enezinto ezinokubakho kwiintsholongwane kubantwana ingaba yintsholongwane yesiqhelo. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokungabikho kokushisa okanye ukwanda okungabalulekanga. I-Slime kufuneka ihlukaniswe ngamanani amancinci kwaye ibe nebala. Le mpendulo iyichazwa ngokusetyenziswa kwegazi kwiimpawu, ezixhomekeke kwi-anatomically kwi-pital cavity. Ngenxa yoko, i-mucosa iqalisa ukusebenza ngokubanzi.
Unokukunceda njani umntwana onomdla?
Ukuba akukho zibonakaliso ezixhalabileyo, akufuneki ukuba uhambe ugqirha, amanyathelo okwaneleyo anokuncedisa imeko yomntwana.
- Ukuhlawula. Xa amazinyo omntwana anqunywe, iifolthi ze-nasolabial kunye neentsini zisebenza kakuhle. Kwimeko yokugqibela, ungasebenzisa i-silicone iminwe okanye i-tampons epholile.
- Ukukhuthazwa. Amazinyo athungathayo kubantwana aququzelelwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamathoyizi akhethekileyo kunye namacangci ahlafuna, ahlaziye ukugubungela kwizinsini. Ngenxa yale njongo, iifukisi ezifanelekileyo ezikhatywayo, i-apula okanye izaqathe. Kodwa ngeli xesha umntwana kufuneka abukele.
Iibelisi ezinomdla kubantwana
Ukususa ukuziva okungahambi kakuhle kunye nokuququzelela iimeko zegelesi kwixesha eliza kunceda. Eyona ndlela iphumelelayo kukuba:
- Dentinox;
- Kamistad .
Ukunciphisa kwabo kukukho kwe-lidocaine ekubunjweni, okwenza kube nzima ukunyusa, okuyiyona nto inomqobo ekunceliseni. Kule meko, kungcono ukuthobela amayeza alandelayo.
- Holisal. Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kweeyure eziyi-8 emva kwesicelo.
- Ogqirha weNtsana. Ukubunjwa kwamathambo kunemiphumo emfutshane.
- Pansoral. Iqulethwe izicatshulwa zezityalo, ikhuphe ukuvaleka, kodwa ayihlali ixesha elide.
- Dentol-baby. Ngokukhawuleza ukhulula intlungu, ugcina umphumo malunga neeyure ezingama-2.
- Calgel. Ngokukhawuleza idibanisa, ihlala imizuzu engama-30.
Iifomethi kubantwana
Phakathi kwezi zinto:
- Amanani. Zenziwe nge-silicone okanye i-latex, ezithambileyo zifanelekile kwiinyanga ezi-3-5 ekuqaleni kokukhula kwamazinyo.
- Ukukhwaza. Yenziwe yerabha, ifanelekile kubantwana kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
- Ukupholisa. Ngaphakathi kwebhola le-raber yi-gel okanye amanzi. Ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenziswe iifriji. Isixhobo esinjalo esinomdla kubantwana siya kunciphisa intlungu, kodwa inokuba nzima kwaye ingenakukhululeka.
- Iimpawu zokudlala. Uguquka xa uluma, kuphucula impembelelo yokusila.
- Ngomnye. Yenziwe kwizinto ezihlukeneyo, ezifanelekileyo iintsana ezingenayo inxalenye yengono.
- Iincwadi. Unikezelwe ngamagqabantshintshi, anokwenziwa kwintsimi, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwintlungu.
Ngaba ndifuna ukucoca amazinyo am kuqala?
I-koqweqwe lwawo lwamazinyo okuqala lukhuni, ngoko ke, i-caries ikhula ngokukhawuleza, enokuthi ibe yingozi yokusuleleka kuwo wonke umzimba. Kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokugubungela amazinyo akho kubantwana, ukwenzela ukuba ungalimazi iintlobo zesini. Oku kudinga ukulungelelanisa okukhethekileyo ukufikelela kwiminyaka.
- I-tampon eyenziwe nge-bandage okanye i-gauze , exutywe ngamanzi acocekileyo okanye amancinci.
- Napkins. Zifakwe kunye ne-xylitol kwaye zinomdla omnandi. Ukuhlambulula umlomo wonke, kodwa ayingabizi.
- I-Fingertip. Kuyafaneleka emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, xa umntwana engakwazi ukuzitshiza amazinyo ngokwakhe.
- Ibhola lezinyo. Ubonakaliswe ngophawu oluthambileyo, intambo encinane kunye nobukhulu bentloko kunye namazinyo ama-2. Kulo nyaka ngamnye kukho ukhetho.
- IPasta. Ngohlobo lwe-gel kunye okanye ngaphandle kokunambitha ubisi kubantwana abancinci, ngenxa yokuba ayinayo i-abrasives kwaye ayiqhelekanga ukuba i-taste buds. Ifom yeklasi kunye neziqhamo zokunambitheka kuyadingeka emva kokuqaliswa kokutya okuncedisayo.