Kunzima ukucinga ukuba kungekudala kwakukho ii-zoos kwihlabathi apho abantu babengengabesilwanyana kwimigodi, kodwa abantu. Ndikholelwe, la mabali asinakukushiya ukungaboni.
Phantse yonke idolophu enkulu inemihlaba, kwaye abantu baphatha ngokwahlukileyo. Kukho abo bakholelwa ukuba oku kuhlasekwa kwezilwanyana ezifanele ziphile ngenkululeko. Ngako-ke, kuthethwa ntoni ngezilwanyana zomntu, eziyiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo ezisebenza ngokusebenzayo kwaye zithandwa. Baye banjiswa ngabantu abaneempawu ezithile, ezithatha uluntu. Masifunde malunga neendaba ezibuhlungu.
1. USaarty Bartmann - 1810
Umthengisi wezilwanyana ongeyena mnye ufumene umboniso ongaqhelekanga-intombazana eneminyaka engama-20 ubudala, owamnika umsebenzi ohlawulelwayo, ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuba ngubani. Wavuma waza waya eLondon. U-Saarty wakhangela umrhwebi ngeentlobo zakhe ezivelele, kwaye izidalwa zakhe zofuzo zinesimo esingavamile. Wayegqoke iimpahla eziqinileyo okanye angabonakali nakubonakele, njengomboniso kumboniso. Wahlala kwiimeko ezimbi kwaye wafa ngobumpofu, kwaye amagulane, ubuchopho kunye nezitho zangasese kwada kwafika ngo-1974 kwiMyuziyam yoMntu eParis. Ngesicelo sikaNelson Mandela ngo-2002, i-remains ka-Saarty yabuyela ezweni lakubo.
I-Slave Slave - 1835
Ngendlela engaqhelekanga wanquma ukwakha umsebenzi wakhe. UBarnum, owathola inceku ye-Afrika-yaseYamerika uJoyce Heth. Ngaloo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-79 ubudala, kwaye wayeneengxaki zempilo ezinzulu: ubuphofu kunye nokuphela kokukhubazeka (umfazi unokuthetha kuphela aze ahambe nesandla sakhe sokunene). UBarnum wabonisa umfazi ohluphekileyo njengomongikazi oneminyaka eyi-160 uGeorge Washington. Wafa ngomnyaka kamva.
3. "Isixeko saseNigro" - 1878-1889
Ngexesha leWorld Fair eParis, uluntu lwaziswa kwi "Village Negro". Ukubonakaliswa kwakudume kakhulu, kwaye kwahanjelwa ngabantu abayizigidi ezingama-28. Ngomboniso ngo-1889, idolophana yayinabantu abangama-400 ezizwe. Abantu babe nezindlu kunye nezinye izimo zobomi, babezungezwe ngcingo, emva koko babekho ababukeli bebukele ubomi "bemiboniso exotic".
4. AmaNdiya esizwe sakwaKaveskar - 1881
Ukusuka eChile, phantsi kweemeko ezingaziwa, amaNdiya amahlanu aseMaveskar athatyathwa. Abantu babethunyelwa ngokungekho mthethweni ukuya eYurophu kwaye baba ngumbukiso kwi-zoo. Emva konyaka bafa bonke.
5. Aborigines besizwe saseSelknam - 1889
U-Karl Hagenbeck uthathwa njengowokuqala umntu otshintsha ii-zoo zezilwanyana, ezenza ukuba zivelele kwendalo, kodwa kunye nomntu wokuqala ukudala i-zoo yabantu. Wathatha kunye nabantu aba-11 bevela kwisizwe saseSelknam, wawavala emagumbini waza wababonisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zaseYurophu. Kubetha ukuba oko kwenzeka ngegunya likaRhulumente waseChile. Ngendlela, ngexesha eli lizayo lalilinde abameli bezinye izizwe.
6. Ulwaphulo lweeOlimpiki - 1904
E-America, iiOlimpiki zeSavages zahlelwa, apho abantu basekuhlaleni bezizwe ezahlukileyo bahlanganisene kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo bathatha inxaxheba: Afrika, eMzantsi Melika, eJapan naseMiddle East. Inani leemincintiswano labanjelwa kwaye ingcamango yabo yayiyikrakra - ukubonisa ukuba "ukukhusela" akunjengezemidlalo njengabantu abaphucukileyo "abamhlophe".
7. Intombi yaseAfrika - 1958
Ukujonga le sithombe, kunzima ukucaphukisa, njengoko intombazana isondliwa ezandleni zayo, njengoko izilwanyana zinyangwa kwii-zoos. I-snapshot ibonisa umehluko phakathi kwabantu "abamhlophe" kunye "nabantu abamnyama". Umbukiso onjalo wawuseBrussels kwaye kwaze kwaba yilapho kufike i-cinema, kuba abantu babesele banelise iinqwenela zabo ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ukususela ngeli xesha, uluntu lwaqala ukuqwalasela ii-zoo zabantu njengento enyanyekayo, kwaye kumazwe amaninzi awakhintelwe.
8. ICokolese pygmy - 1906 ngonyaka
KwiBronx Zoo, i-pyridy ye-23 ubudala ubudala yaziswa, eyayivela kwi-Free State yaseCongo. Umboniso wavulwa yonke imihla ngoSeptemba. Umfana ogama linguOta Benga wayeqinisekile ukuba wayeya kwi-zoo eqhelekileyo ukuze anakekele indlovu, kodwa yonke into yavela ngokuhlukileyo. Akazange nje ahlale emagumbini, kodwa naye wayegqoka i-orang-utan kwaye wenza amacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye naye, kwaye wayenabonwa ngabakhweli ngokugubha i-archery.
Ngomboniso wada wabhala kwiphephandaba eliyaziwayo I-New York Times enesihloko esithi: "U-Bushman ubeka isango kunye neenkwenkwezi zeBronx". Amaqela amaninzi ayethukuthele ngale mboniso, ngoko yafunyanwa. Emva koko, i-pygmy yabuyela e-Afrika, kodwa ayikwazi ukubuyela kwimpilo eqhelekileyo, ngoko kwakhona yafika eMelika. U-Ota akazange akwazi ukulungisa ubomi bakhe ngaphandle kwezilwanyana, ngoko ngo-1916 wazibulala ngokuzibetha entliziyweni.
9. Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale
AbaFrentshi eParis, ukubonisa amandla abo, bachithe ixesha kunye nemali ukudala umboniso obonisa amandla abo bokoloni. Bakhela iidolophandathu ezisezantsi, zibandakanya amakholoni aseFransi: iMadagascar, Indochina, iSudan, iCongo, iTunisia neMorocco. Zenziwe ngokubhekiselele kubomi bokwenene bala ma koloni, ukukopisha yonke into ukusuka kwizakhiwo ukuya kwezolimo. Ukuboniswa kwaphela ukusuka ngoMeyi ukuya kuOktobha. Ngeli xesha, i-zoo yabantu yahanjelwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-1.
Ukususela ngo-2006, intsimi kunye neenqanawa zaso zangaphambili ii-zoo zabantu zivulelekile kwiindwendwe, kodwa abazithandwayo kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba idlulileyo ishiye umxholo omkhulu kule ndawo.
10. I-Zoos zoLuntu namhlanje
Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, kukho "imibukiso" efanayo. Umzekelo ukuhlaliswa kwesizwe saseKrava, esihlala kwisiqithi saseAndaman eIndiya. Le ndawo iyathandwa ngabavakhenkethi, ababoniswayo kuphela kwindalo yasendle, kodwa nobomi bala bantu. Ngosuku, abantu besizwe somdaniso, babonisa indlela abazingela ngayo, njalo njalo. Nangona ngo-2013 iNkundla Ephakamileyo yaseIndiya ivimbele ukutshatyalaliswa okufanayo, ngokweentengiso, ziqhubeka zingekho mthethweni.