Serengeti National Park

• Idilesi: Serengeti, eTanzania
• Ifowuni: +255 27 250 3471
• Indawo: 14,750 km²
• Umhla wesiseko : 1951.

I-Serengeti National Park ( iTanzania ) yenye yezona zikhulu ezinkulu kwihlabathi. Itholakala kwintsimi ye-Great African Rift, indawo yayo i-14 763 km ² . Leli gama elithi "serengeti" liguqulelwe ukusuka kulwimi lwaseMasai njenge "maphahla angenammiselo".

Yintoni enomdla ngepaki?

"I-Park ye-Serengeti" yaqala nge-kaleznik encinci eneendawo ezingama-3.2 ezi-square metres. km ngowe-1921. Kamva, ngowe-1929, kwandisiwe. Ngomnyaka we-1940 loo ndawo yayigcinwe njengommandla okhuselekile (nangona kunjalo, "ukhuseleko" lwaluqhutyelwa ikakhulu kumaphepha malunga neengxaki ezithile eziphathekayo). Kwiminyaka elishumi kamva, emva kokunyuka kwenyalo kule ndawo, yafumana isimo sePaki kaZwelonke, kwaye ngo-1981 yaqatshelwa njengendawo ye-UNESCO yeNkcubeko yeNkcubeko kunye neNdawo yeLifa leMveli.

Inqaba yaseMasai Mara yaseKenya ibhekiselele ekuqhubekeni kwe-Serengeti. I-ecosystem yayo ithathwa njengowomdala kunabo bonke emhlabeni wethu. Izilwanyana zasendle zaseSerengeti, ngokwezenzululwazi, namhlanje zibukeka ngokufanayo njengoko zibukeka kwiminyaka eyiyadluleyo edlulileyo, zigcinwe kwixesha lePleistocene. Akukho nhlobo yolondolozo lwendalo e-Afrika inokuthelekiswa ne-Serengeti ngokwemiqathango yezilwanyana ezihlala apha: zikhona iintlobo ezingama-35 ezikhoyo kwiindawo ezigcinwe kuyo! Akumangalisi ukuba yi-Serengeti ekhangela amashumi amawaka eetyeleli eTanzania unyaka ngamnye. Ipaki ithathwa njengendawo efanelekileyo yokugcina ubomi beengonyama, i-cheetah kunye neengwe, kunye neirayi.

I-reserve ithandwa kakhulu ngumongameli weFrankfurt Zoological Society, uBernhard Grzymek, oye wafunda ukufuduka kwezilwanyana kwi-Serengeti kwaye wabhala iincwadi ezininzi ngaye eziye zazisa udumo emhlabeni wonke. I-Serengeti ayikho nje indawo yokugcina indawo, kodwa iindawo zokugcina indawo: enye yemisebenzi yayo kukugcina indlela yendabuko kunye nenkcubeko yamaMasai. Kule njongo, i-Ngorongoro igcinwe ihlukaniswe kwi-Serengeti.

"Umkhwa Wabantu"

Kwi-Olduvai gorge, ebizwa ngokuba yi "Cradle of Mankind", ehlala kwintsimi yolondolozo, ukucubungulwa okukhulu kwenziwa ngexesha lokusukela kuma-30 ukuya kuma-60 ekhulwini lokugqibela, ngenxa yegama lamathambo e-homo habitus, i-Australopithecus, izixhobo zamandulo, amathambo zi lwanyana. Yonke le miboniso ibonakala kwi- museum ye-anthropological ephakathi kwendawo. Kodwa namhlanje le nxalenye yepaki ivaliwe kubakhenkethi ngenxa yokuqalisa ukuphanda - izazinzulu zikholelwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukufikelela kwabakhenkethi kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu kumphando.

I-flora kunye nezilwanyana zaselondolozweni

I-Serengeti National Park ineemeko zemozulu ezihlukeneyo kunye nemimandla eyahlukeneyo: ngasenyakatho kukho iinduli eziphakamileyo ezigqithiselwe ngokukodwa nge-acacia, kwinqanaba elincinci lentshonalanga, kwintshona-mahlathi asebenza nzima (apha akhula ama-acacias, ebony and ficuses); kwaye phakathi kwepaki yi-savannah.

Ihlabathi lezilwanyana zaseSerengeti libetha ngokungafani. Indawo yokugcina igxininiso kubahlali abameli beZiqhulu ezinhlanu, iingwebe, izindlovu, i-rhinoceroses kunye neebhokhwe, kwaye ngaphandle kwazo - iigirafa, iibhokhwe, iifubhi, iintlobo ezininzi ze-antelopes kunye ne-gazel, amahayen kunye namajungulu, i-cheetah, i-foxes, i-mongoose, i-porcupines, amadada , i-warthogs. Ngamafutshane, izilwanyana zaseSerengeti zimela phantse ubukumkani bonke bezilwanyana zaseAfrika. I-wildebeest kuphela, iimbombo kunye neerhasi kwintsimi yayo zihlala ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2, kwaye kukho abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3 kuzo zonke izilwanyana ezinkulu. Apha zikhona izibilini: iinkabi-i-hussars, iimfene, iinkawu eziluhlaza, iibhola.

Iingonyama ze-Serengeti zihlala kwi-savanna kwindawo ephambili yeSerengeti, kwi-Seronera Valley. Iingonyama ziyahlula intsimi neengwe; ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamagrafu, ama-antelope, ama-warthogs adla kwiidlelo ezityebi zendawo, akudingekile ukuba zilahlwe yindlala.

Kwimilambo namachibi aseSerengeti, unokubona amavubu, kunye neentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-350 zezidliwayo, kuquka iingwenya. Iingxowa zeNayile zihlala emlanjeni iGrameti ngasentshonalanga kwendawo yokugcina; bahluke ngobukhulu obukhulu ngokumangalisayo - bakhulu kunabo "abahlala nabo" kwezinye iindawo. Kwakhona, i-Serengeti Park eTanzania ibe yindlu kunye "nokupaka indawo" yeeninzi zeentaka zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Apha ungabona iintaka-oonobhala, izithambane kunye ne-waterfowl. I-Salt Lake Ndutu ngasezantsi kwendawo yokugcina igodla inani elikhulu lama-flamingo. Inani leentlobo zabantu abahlala emagqumeni angaphezulu kwama-500! Akumangalisi ukuba i-reserve ithathwa njengeparadesi yee-ornithologists.

Izihlandlo epakini

I-Serengeti ingabizwa ngokuba yi-park safari: iyahamba kwiimoto kunye neebhasi, kwaye ngexesha lokuhamba awukwazi nje kuphela ukusuka kude, kodwa ukufutshane nokugcina izilwanyana kwindawo yokuhlala. Iigrafti, umzekelo, sondela ngokufuna ukwazi, iingonyama nje aziphenduli kwiimoto ezidlulayo - kunokwenzeka ukuba uya kufuneka ujikeleze intsapho "yezilwanyana" elele phantsi kwendlela. Kodwa inzululwazi yeebhokhwe ingaba yinto enzima kwaye ingathandekiyo: ngamanye amaxesha iyanqumla kwiibhasi ize ivule imizimba yemoto-ngakumbi xa ibona ukutya.

Unokuhamba nge- safari phezu kwe-Serengeti kwibhaluni yomoya oshisayo ukuze ubukele ukufuduka Okukhulu, xa iifrawu ezingama-200 zamawaka, isigidi esinye sezigidi kunye nezinye izinto ezihambayo zihamba kwindawo yokukhangela utshani obutsha. Xa ixesha eliqingqileyo elisenyakatho ye-reserve lifika, umendo wabo ufikelela kumathafa asezantsi asetshanini, apho iimvula ezinqumlayo zidlulayo ngeli xesha, kwaye ngokuqala kwexesha lemvula zibuyela emva. Iinyanga zokuvula ziMatshi, uEpreli, ngoMeyi, ngo-Oktobha noNovemba. Ukuba ufuna ukubukela i-antelopes ye-wildebeest, kungcono ukuza kwi-Serengeti ukususela ngoDisemba ukuya kuJulayi, kwaye ukuba unomdla kakhulu kwiingonyama kunye nezinye izilwanyana, ukusuka ngoJuni ukuya ku-Oktobha. Ukutyelela abatyeleli kwakhona uphando lwamatye omculo, ubugcisa beeMasai kunye nohambo lwe-volcano uAldo Lengai.

Khenketho kwinqanaba

Ukuba ugqiba ukutyelela i-Afrika kwaye u tyelele iPark ye-Serengeti, unokubhabha khona nge-transfer yangaphakathi kwi-Airport yase-Kilimanjaro. Unokuza kwakhona ukusuka e- Arusha ngemoto - indlela kule meko iya kuthatha malunga neeyure ezingama-5.

Ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bomhlaba, kuyacaca ukuba akuyi kukwazi ukuyihlola ngosuku olunye, kwaye kulula ukuchitha ixesha elide kwindlela nganye. Apha, zonke izibonelelo eziyimfuneko kubakhenkethi, kuquka ihotele, okanye kunoko iinkampu zokuphumla nokulala, zenziwe. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba: 5 * I-Serengeti Serena Louge, i-Serengeti Camp Pioneer nge-Elewana, iKirawira Serena Camp, i-Singita Sasakwa Lodge, kunye ne-Serengeti Tented Camp - i-Ikoma Bush Camp, uLobo Wildlife Lodge, iMbalageti Serengeti, i-Lemala Ewanjan, i-Serengeti Acacia Camps, i-Kananga Special Tented Ikampu, iKampan yeTekisi yeTeknoloji.