- Idilesi: Avenida Tancredo Neves, 6.731, Foz do Iguaçu - PR, 85856-970
- Ifowuni: + 595 61 599 8094
- Iwebhusayithi: www.itaipu.gov.py
- I-imeyile: cturistico@itaipu.gov.py
- Umhla wokuvula: 1984.
- Iiyure zokusebenza: iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezi-7 ngeveki
- Ubukhulu: 196 m
- Ubude bomda : 7235 m
Ngo-2016, i-Itapu HPP yakhiqiza ngaphezu kweeyunithi ezili-103 zeeyure ezingama-kilowatt zamagesi, kwaye yaba yindalo yamandla e-hydroelectric kuphela ehlabathini eyafikelela kwizikhokelo ezinjalo. Le nyaniso akungabazeki ukuba kubangele umdla omkhulu kwisikhululo samandla kunye nemibuzo eninzi: phi i-Itaipa HPP? Ziziphi iimpawu zayo? Uphi umbane oveliswe ngawo?
Itaipu HPP inamandla kakhulu kwiMfula iParana - nje emngceleni weBrazil naseParaguay , iikhilomitha ezili-20 ukusuka eFoz do Iguaçu, isikhulu sezhenketho esidumileyo, "idolophu emithathu emida", apho iBrazil, iArgentina neParaguay zidibene khona. Siyabulela oku, Itaipa HPP kulula ukuyifumana kwimaphu.
Iimpawu zamanzi kunye nesitishi samandla kagesi
Idonga le-Itaipu lakhiwe "kwisiqalo" sesiqithi emlonyeni waseParana, ngokuhlonelwa kwayo eyafumana igama layo. Ekuguquleleni ukusuka kwiGalani eli gama lithetha "ilitye lokulila". Umsebenzi wokulungiswa wokwakha waqala ngowe-1971, kodwa umsebenzi awuzange uqalwe de ngo-1979. Kwidwala, umsele weemitha ezili-150 wawunqunyulwa, owaba ngumzila omtsha waseParana, kwaye emva kokumiswa komlambo omkhulu, kwakhiwa ukwakhiwa kwesikhululo samanzi.
Xa yayakhiwe, malunga nezigidi ezingama-64 zeekhabriki zeemitha kunye nomlambo wasuswa, kunye nezigidi ezili-12,6 zeekrikri zamitha kunye ne-15 yezigidi zomhlaba zagqitywa. I-reservoir yazaliswa ngamanzi ngo-1982, kwaye ngo-1984 i-generator power first.
I-Itapu inikela iParaguay ngombane nge-100%, kwaye iyanelisa i-20% yezidingo zeBrazil. Esi sityalo sinama-generator angama-20 anesakhono sama-megawatts angu-700. Uninzi lwexesha ngenxa yobukhulu becala lokwakhela ikhanda labo amandla angama 750 MW. Ezinye zezivelisi zisebenza ngamaxesha angama-50 Hz (iyakwamkelwa amanxibelelwano yamandla aseParaguayan), inxalenye yalo ngu-60 Hz (ubukhulu bombane eBrazil); ngelixa inxalenye yamandla "eveliswe eParaguay" iguqulwa kwaye ihanjiswa eBrazil.
Itaipu ayiyona kuphela isiteshini esinamandla kunawo onke kwisikhululo samanzi kwihlabathi, kodwa enye yezona zibini zakhiwo ezinkulu ze-hydraulic. Ibhodlela le-Itaipu libetha ngokulinganisa kwayo: ukuphakama kwalo ngu-196 m, kwaye ubude bayo bungaphezu kwe-7 km. I-HPP i-Itaipu ize ivelise impembelelo emangalisayo nakwisithombe, kunye nebala "live" ngaphandle kokunyaniseka alikhunjulwa. Idonga le-Itaipu eParaná lenza umthombo, indawo apho i-1350 square metres. km. Ngo-1994, i-HPP yabonwa njengenye yezimanga zehlabathi.
Indlela yokutyelela i-HPP?
Unokutyelela kwisikhululo se-Itaipa kwisikhululo samanzi naliphi na leveki. Uhambo lokuqala luqhubeka ngo-8: 00, ngoko-nganye iyure, lokugqibela luqala ngo-16: 00. Uhambo lukwabandakanya ukubukela ifilimu encinci ngokuphathelele ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwedama. Unokungena kwikhenketho njengenxalenye yeqela eliphambili, okanye ngokuzimela, kodwa kwimeko yokugqibela kufuneka ube nepasipoti okanye enye idokhumenti yokuchonga.
Ukutyelela iItaipu kukhululekile. Kufanele ugqoke izicathulo ezipholileyo, nangona ityelelo kwaye ingeyena ohamba ngeenyawo - kwiindwendwe zamabhinqa ziqhuba ibhasi ekhethekileyo. Ukongeza, ababukeli baya kubona igumbi lejeneretha, elingu-139 m ngaphantsi kwezinga elwandle.
IMyuziyam
Kwizityalo ze-hydropower, i-Guarani yomhlaba imyuziyam Itaipu isebenza. Unokuyityelela ukususela ngoLwesibili ukuya ngeCawa ukususela ngo-8: 00 ukuya ku-17: 00. Ukuze ufike kumyuziyam, kufuneka kwakhona ube nexwebhu lozisi kunye nawe.