Inkomo - iimfihlelo zokukhula nokunyamekela i-orchids

I-Orchids enye yeentyantyambo ezihle kakhulu emhlabeni. Iinyama zibhekisela kwintsapho yazo, ihluke kwezinye iintlobo zomlomo kunye nomtya ongavamile kunye nombala ochaseneyo ngokubhekiselele kwi-coronet. Ukutsala isityalo ngeentyantyambo zemilingo kunye nephunga elithozamisayo, liyakhupha i-lily of the valley, jasmine.

Indlela yokujonga iintlobo zeenkomo?

Inkumbi yinto enhle kakhulu ye-orchids, umlinganiselo webala wezityalo uninzi. Unemihlathi emininzi kunye nemichiza yawo, eyahlukileyo kwimilo kunye nombala wee-petals, amaqabunga, ubude beligaba. Ngokweziqhamo zityalo, izityalo zihlulwe ngo:

• ekwindla;
• entwasahlobo.

Abangaphambili abanalo ixesha lokuphumla kwexesha elide, ukuphumla kokugqibela ixesha elide ngaphambi nangemva kokutshala. I-Orchid ye-Cattleya inomquba we-tubular odibeneyo, apho kufakwe khona amaqabunga emerald 1-3. Kwi-peduncle enye, i-orchids ikhula ibe ngama-coronet amahlanu amakhulu ama-5-25 cm, umbala wabo uhluka ukusuka kumhlophe ukuya kumnyama obomvu. Kwimeko yendalo, kukho i-Cattleya yohlobo lwe-epiphyte, oluhlala kwimithini yomthi, kunye neepophytic, ehlala ematye. Ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ekugcinweni kwezityalo.

Inkomo yaseDinard

I-hybrid eyaziwayo yeBlue Heaven - udidi oluhle lwe-orchids, lunomdla kunye neekononti ezifikelela kwi-20 cm. Leyo nkomo inenentyantyambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye ne-sepals kunye neepalali ezonakalisiweyo zamathoni asezulwini okanye omfusa. Umlomo wesityalo unombala obomvu ngophahla, umqala ugolide-wegolide. I-Orchid Dinard inomphunga ocolileyo, utyatyambo entwasahlobo nasekwindla.

I-Cattleya Aklund

I-Orchid Aklunda isityalo esinyeneyo esakhulayo kwimvelo eBrazil kwimimandla yodwa kwimilambo. Inkomo enjalo, njengendawo yokutshala indlu, idonsa ukuphakama okuphantsi-malunga ne-10 cm. Ixhotywe ngama-bulb ajikeleziweyo kunye namacwecwe amabini ekhumba, i-inflorescence iqukethe enye okanye ezimbini i-corollas. Ngamnye wabo unesayizi ye-10 cm, ziqhumisa, zininzi, zihlala ixesha elide. I-Cattleya i-Aklanda ikhiqiza izimbali ezinkulu eziluhlaza okotshani kunye ne-chocolate-chestnut dashes kunye namabala. Umlomo kwi-corolla i-pink-white okanye ibomvu kunye nemida elula.

I-Cattleya Mix

Uninzi lwezityalo ze-hybrid zihlangene phantsi kwegama le-orchids Mix. Ngethuba lokukhethwa, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeNkomo zawela ngapha nangamanye amanxube amaninzi e-inter-port. Ngenxa yoko, i-orchids ibonakala ngokuphambene neepalals kunye nemilomo (umzekelo, iinqaba zemononi ezineziko le-burgundy). Kwiimeko ezininzi, okhokho babo yi-Cattleya sponge. Inamahlamvu ukuya kuma-25 cm., I-Peduncles i-10-15 cm. I-Cattleya inombala ovela kumhlophe ukuya kumfusa obunzima. Umlomo ubonakala, ubumnyama, kunye nemivimbo ebomvu kwi-pharynx, ukwakha ityhubhu ebanzi enomngcipheko.

Inkumbi yaseMaxim

I-Orchid max in nature ikhula eColombia, ePeru, e-Ecuador. Liye lahlula amaqabunga amaqabunga elliptical ngesimo se-25 cm kunye ne-flower spoon ye-18 cm. Le orchid enobuninzi, inkunzi ye-cattleya ingaba ne-coronal e-15 kwisiqhamo esinye. Ientyantyambo zaso zikhephu-ezimhlophe okanye i-lavender-lilac eneemfusa emincinci emilu emfusa emlonyeni kunye nelophu ephuzi. I-orchid inesakhiwo esithakazelisayo seepalali - zi-elongated-lanceolate, zincinci, ekupheleni kwayo kwaye zijikeleze umgca.

Cattleya Schroeder

I-Orchid Shreder-i-beautiful diva kwindawo ye-orchids yezilwanyana, umninimzi wokuhlonipha amaninzi, wabizwa ngokuba ngumnxeba waseJamani - umfazi we-botanist, okhupha le ntlobo. I-Cattleya Schroeder - inentyantyambo enkulu, ine-pink pearl-color palsal, ipilisi ene-lemon emnyama okanye ingaphakathi lomlilo kunye nephunga elimnandi. Kukhona inkomoya emhlophe enomxholo wemonom, umbala omnyama awukho kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Izimbali zeSchroeder zihlala zide kunezinye iintlobo ze-orchids - malunga neveki ezintlanu.

Indlela yokutshala i-Cattleya?

Ama-Orchids angafakwa kuyo nayiphi na ibhodlo-engabonakaliyo, eyenziwe ngeplastiki, engatshitshisiweyo kwidongwe. Ukutyala i-Cattleya - imithetho eyintloko:

1. Inani lemandla likhethwe ukusuka kubalo lomsindo lwenkqubo ye-orchid, ukwenzela ukuba kukho i-gentimenti ye-centimeter ehlangothini lomkhumbi.
2. Ngaphantsi kwebhodlela ngamatye amacwecwe 2 cm ubukhulu, kwiindawo eziphezulu-ezinkulu zegxolo okanye i-foam.
3. Emva koko iingcambu ze-orchid zifakwe kwisitya ukwenzela ukuba kukho indawo enkulu yamahhala kufuphi namahlumela amancinci. Bafafazwe ngamagxolo enqabana encinane.
4. Kwisinye ibumbi kungcono ukubeka malunga ne-5 pseudobulbs (i-bulbs) ye-Cattleya.
5. Ukutyala i-orchid kwisitya ngokubhetele kwinqanaba elikhulayo le-rhizome (rhizome) ukuya phakathi kwebhodi.
6. Bamba emhlabathini kuphela iingcambu ze-Cattleya, iziseko ze-pseudobulb kufuneka zihlale phezu komhlaba. Eceleni kwabo, unako ukufaka iintonga ukulungisa isityalo, emva kokuba zigxilile, zisuswe.

Indlela yokwandisa iingcambu ze-Cattleya?

Maxa wambi ama-orchids adinga ukuhlaziywa . Ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa ngokungafanelekanga, ngenxa yesifo sefungal okanye sesifo se-bacterial, kuba nje ngenxa yokuguga ukuba inkomoya ingakwazi ukulahlekelwa yimpembelelo. Ukuvuselelwa kukudala izimo ezifanelekileyo zokuveliswa kwakhona kwesityalo. Inkomo ngaphandle kweengcambu ayikwazi ukuphila - yenza umsebenzi wokulungisa nokufuna ukunyusa. Ubunqamle besakhiwo se-orchids kukuba amahlumela endala aya kufa, kwaye amatsha avela kuphela kwiintsholongwane ezithile (eziluhlaza kunye ezomileyo). Indlela yokwandisa iingcambu ze-Cattleya:

1. Indlela elula kakhulu imihla ngemihla igalela isityalo emanzini. Ukwenza oku, faka i-orchid ebhodweni ngaphandle kwemingxuma, uthele isigamu somthamo wamanzi uze ushiye i-rhizome iiyure ezingama-2 (ngaphambi kokuhlwa).
2. Kanye emva kweeveki ezimbini, isichumisi esinomxholo ophezulu we-nitrogen sinokusetyenziswa kwiNkomo.
3. Ubungakanani bexesha lokuhlaziywa kwama-orchids linokuqala ukusuka kwenyanga ukuya kunyaka.
4. Emva kokuphuhliswa kwezihluma ezintsha, i-Cattleya yokugqoka iphezulu igqityiwe kwaye ixesha lokunkcenkceshela linyuka ngeyure eli-1.
5. Kule nqanaba zingaphantsi kweentsuku ezili-10 kumzantsi we-orchids zivela ezi-3-5 ezincinci iingcambu.
6. Emva kokufikelela ubude be-5-7 cm, i-Cattleya ityalwe kwisitya esincinci. Amanzi kufuneka abe yinto yokuba i-substrate phakathi kokunyanzeleka kakuhle.

Inkomo - ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Iintyatyambo eziseTropical ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kukukholisa kunye namaqabunga amahle, into ephambili kukubonelela ngeemeko eziyimfuneko zokukhula nophuhliso. Inkomo ye-Orchid - ukunakekelwa ekhaya:

1. Kufuneka sikhule kwindawo edibeneyo. Unokugweba ubuninzi belanga kwi-Cattleya ngamaqabunga esi sityalo. Ukuba ngaba ziphuzi ezibomvu, ngoko ukukhanya kukugqithiseleyo, ukuba umnyama - mncinane. Imfuyo enempilo ineengqabileyo eziluhlaza. Ebusika, ungasebenzisa izibane ezongezelelweyo ze-fluorescent.
2. Iqondo lokuqhelekileyo lokushisa lokulala likhululekile kwiNkomo. Ngexesha lokulungiselela ii-orchids zokukhawulela, ukuhluka kweqondo lokushisa phakathi kobusuku bemini nobusuku kufuneka kube ngama-degrees amahlanu.
3. Iintlobo zanamhlanje zeenkomo zomoya zinyameko, ziyakuthanda ukuba xa zifudumele imbiza ibisi eplasini ngamanzi-zicoca iingcambu zomoya.

I-Cattleya primer

Icandelo leziseko le-substrate lukhuni lwamanqanaba amancinane naphakathi. Ngaphambi kokutyala, kufuneka ihlanjwe kwaye igxilwe iintsuku ezimbini ukuze igcobe umswakama. Emva koko gcoba uze uhlanza amanzi ahlambulukileyo. I-substrate ye-cowya yongezwa nge-foam ecocekileyo kunye ne- moss sphagnum yokufaneleka kwemoya. Ukuba igumbi lomoya omile, kwi-pot ungongeza enye i-perlite-igcina umswakama. Ngethuba lokukhula kwe-Cattleya, ngokubonakala kwe-peduncle, banokufakwa, ukubunjwa kokutya kufuneka kufake i-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus kwinqanaba elincinci. Ngethuba lokuphumla asebenziswanga.

Unganceda njani amanzi?

Ubuninzi kunye nobuninzi bee-orchids ezixhamlayo zixhomekeke kubukhulu bokukhanya kunye nexesha lonyaka. Indlela yokuncenkceshela i-Cattleya:

1. Isidingo sokumisa sikhatyathwa ngumbuso we-substrate, avunyelwe ukuma kakuhle. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokunisela i-Cattleya yiiveki ezi-1-1.5.
2. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba ungayi kumisa isityalo ngokwawo, kodwa ukunciphisa inkqubo yeengcambu kumgangatho wokushisa wamanzi kwi-1-2 iiyure.
3. Umbane akufanele uwele kwiintlobo ezincinane ze-Cattleya, ngaphandle koko ziya kuqala ukubola.
4. Ebusika, ukuphindaphinda kwama-orchids kuncitshiswa, kwaye ehlobo kunokunyuka njengoko kuyimfuneko. Ezantsi kweqondo lokushisa, inkomo yenkomo iyancipha amanzi. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ngexesha lokuphumla kwi-balconi ebusuku ebusuku, usenokukwenqaba ngokupheleleyo ukunkcenkceshela - nje ucofa i-substrate.
5. Ebushushu bamanzi aphakamileyo (imvula, i-distilled, distilled) I-Cattleya yafafaza ngokupheleleyo.
6. Kanye kwinyanga kufanelekile ukulungiselela i-orchid kunye nokunisela okufudumeleyo ukusuka kwisitya, kwaye ubambe umgca phantsi kwephepheni ukucoca.
7. Xa amanzi efumana amaqabunga kwizityalo kwixesha elibandayo, kufuneka licimiwe elomileyo, ukwenzela ukuba amabala omdaka angabonakali.

Ukufakelwa kwenkomo

Ama-orchids awawunyamezeli inkqubo enjalo kakuhle kwaye ibuyiselwe ixesha elide. Kodwa kuyimfuneko yonke iminyaka emibili ngenxa yokukhula kwehlathi kunye nesidingo sokutshintsha umhlaba. Indlela yokunyamekela i-catlei ngexesha lokutshintshwa:

1. Ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo ibonelelwe - ukwahlula isityalo okanye cha. Kungcono ukushiya malunga ne-5 pseudobulbs ngebhodi.
2. I-Cattleya ithathelwa kwakhona ekuqaleni kwexesha elikhulayo, emva kokuba amahlumela amatsha esi sityalo afumane ubude be 2-3 cm.
3. Ubumbi kufuneka lube lukhuni, amanzi kufuneka afakwe phantsi.
4. Emva kokukhipha isityalo kwisitya, i-rhizome isuswa kwi-substrate endala. I-pseudobulbs enamandla ebomvu ye-Cattleya isuswe. I-Rotten okanye efile (i-soft, emdaka) izimpande ziyacinywa.
5. Ukunyuka kweenkomo kuphathwa ngokusekwa kwipowder okanye ngokuchithwa ngamalahle.
6. Umxube womhlaba uqulethwe iinqununu ze-pine bark kunye ne-moss.
7. Isityalo kufuneka sitshintshwe kwiziko, ukwenzela ukuba ipseudobulb yangaphambili ikwazi ukuphuhlisa nokuseka inkxaso ukwenzela ukuba i-cowya ingabanjwa ngqo;
8. Iingcambu ze-orchids zigqutywe ngamagxolo entle.
9. Emva kokuluhlula isityalo, kungcono ukuthulula isisombululo sesiseko (2 grams nganye ilitha).

Inkomo - ukunakekelwa ekhaya emva kokugquma

I-Orchid inomdla kunye nama-coronal amahle xa ekhulile, kuba oku kufuna ilanga kunye nokunisela okufanelekileyo. Iintyatyambo ezinkantyambo entwasahlobo, ekwindla, nakubusika, kuxhomekeka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Emva koko, indlela yokuphumla iqala, intsingiselo yayo iquka ukungabikho kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi, ngoko intyatyambo ihlala kwaye iqokelela amandla. Ukuba ukuphumla akwanele, i-Cattleya ayiyi kutyumla. Ngokuxhomekeka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ixesha eliphumayo linokuthi lenzeke ngexesha lamaxesha ahlukeneyo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo lwenzeka ebusika. Inkomo emva kokuphalaza:

1. Kubalulekile ukubeka i-orchid endaweni epholileyo ngokukhanya okukhanya. Imibala engabonakaliyo ye-UV ayifuni ukuba i-Cattleya, ngaphandle koko iyakhula.
2. Akuyimfuneko ukuthambisa i-orchid ngexesha lokuphumla.
3. Ukunkcenkceshela i-Cattleya kunqabile rhoqo iintsuku ezili-14 ukwenzela ukuba iibhola zityalo zingabi zime.
4. Ukunisela i-orchid ngeli xesha akudingekile, ukuze kungabikho.
5. Ukuba i-Cattleya iqhakaza ekupheleni kwebusika okanye entwasahlobo, ixesha eliphumayo lesityalo liya kuqala ekwindla.