Ngezihlandlo ezahlukileyo abantu bazama ukufumana ingeniso, bengenzi nantoni na ethile, kodwa bakhangela abatshali-mali abaninzi kwiprojekthi yabo. Ekuqaleni, igama elithi "ipiramidi yezemali" linentsingiselo eyahlukileyo kwaye kuphela kwiminyaka engama-70 yaqala ukuqalisa isigameko.
Iipiramidi zemali zisebenza njani?
Abaququzeleli bezo ziko lorhwebo lenkampani yabo njengeprojekti yotyalo-mali, ethembisa abatyala-mali babo imali engenayo ngaphezu kweemarike ezibolekayo. Abo banomdla kwindlela ipiramidi yezemali ehlelwe ngayo, kukufanelekile ukuphendula ukuba inkampani enjalo ayifumani nto kwaye ayithengisi: ihlawula imali kubathathi-nxaxheba kwiindleko zeentlawulo zokufika. Inzuzo enkulu kunikezelwa kubaququzeleli beprojekti kwaye ngaphezulu koko, abantu baninzi "bafumana ingxubebo".
Iimpawu zepiramidi zemali
Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi onokufumana ngazo "iprojekthi" yokutsalwa kwezolimo:
- Intlawulo enkulu yemali, ifikelela kuma-50-100%.
- Impiramidi yezemali ibonakaliswe ngentengiso efanelekileyo, ekhangayo nemigqaliselo ethile ukuba abantu abaqhelekileyo abayiqondi.
- Ukungabikho kolwazi oluthile, oluya kuqinisekiswa, ngokusekelwe kwimithombo emele.
- Inxalenye yepiramidi yezemali ukunyuka kwemali phesheya.
- Ukungabikho kwedatha kubaququzeleli kunye nabaququzeleli.
- I-ofisi engekhoyo kunye ne-charter. Ukungabikho kwamaxwebhu okuqinisekisa ukubhaliswa okusemthethweni.
- Ininshurensi yokuthengiselana kwenkampani kwelinye urhulumente.
Indlela yokwahlula inkampani yotyalo-mali kwipiramidi?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iprojekthi yokutyalo-mali isemthethweni ithathwa kwipiramidi, ingakumbi xa itshisiwe kwaye ininzi yemali efunyenwe iya kwiintlawulo kubatyala-mali bokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukungafani okubalulekileyo phakathi kwabo. Abo bacela into engekho uphawu lwepiramidi yezemali, kuyafaneleka ukuthetha ukuba inkampani yotyalo-mali ayifihli imisebenzi yayo. Ukuba ufuna, unokuhlala ufumanisa ukuba ngubani umsekeli wayo kunye nenkokheli, kwaye yiziphi iintlobo zoshishino eli nkampani.
Ngaphambi kokuba ujoyine loo ntlangano, ungafunda malunga nayo kwi-intanethi, uthetha nabasomali-mali, bafumane ukuba bafumana iintlawulo eziqhelekileyo kunye naluphi ubungakanani. Impiramidi yezemali isebenza ngokutsala inani elinyukayo labantu, kanti kwinkampani ethembekileyo umtyalomali uya kufumana imali yakhe kungakhathaliseki ukuba bangaphi abantu abanomdla kule projekthi.
Uthini umahluko phakathi kokuthengiswa kwenethwekhi kunye nepramirdi yemali?
Apha, ukungafani kukugqithisileyo, kuba nakwiinkampani ezisemthethweni, abasabalalisi abanakwazisi malunga nenkcitho engayifumanayo ngenxa yemisebenzi yabo, nangona kwintengiso ithembisa. Umehluko phakathi kokuthengiswa kwenethwekhi kunye nepramramid yezemali kukuba lowo owayesakuba ngumsebenzi uthengisa izinto ezithile kunye neenkonzo. Nangona kwiinkampani ezininzi, abahanjisi banokufumana ingeniso ngaphandle kokuthengiswa kweempahla, kodwa ukuhlawula imali evela kubasebenzi abachaphazelekayo kwinkampani.
Iintlobo zeepramramid zemali
Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, ezimbini iintlobo zeepiramidi ziqhelekileyo:
- Piramidi pyramid. Umzekelo "I-Organisation of Indies" nguYohn Law. Umququzeleli ukhangela abatyala-mali ukuba bavelise uMlambo waseMississippi. Enyanisweni, ininzi yemali ebekelwe imali ihambe ukuthenga izibophelelo zikaRhulumente. Ukwanda kwezabelo kwintengo kubangelwa ukukhawuleza kwenyuka kwaye xa ukuhamba kwemali kwaba mkhulu, kwaye ixabiso liye laza lalinganiselwa kumlinganiselo ongaphantsi, ipiramidi yawa.
- Inkqubo yePiramidi yePiramidi iPonzi . Umzekelo "i-SXC", eyayisebenza ngokuthengisa iibhokhwe zayo. Abatyalomali bakhangele umququzeleli, ba thembisa inzuzo ekutshintshisweni kwamakhuphoni, nangona eqinisweni akayi kuthenga amakhuphoni, kuba ayengenakutshintshiselana ngemali. Xa iphephancwadi elithi "I-Post Magazine" liqikelele ukuba ukufihla lonke utyalo-mali kwi-circulation kufuneka kube nezigidi eziyi-160 zeetoni, i-scam ibonakaliswe, kuba inani labo babenabantu abayi-27,000 kuphela.
Indlela yokwenza ipiramidi yezemali engalawulwayo?
Ukuhluka, indlela yokudala ipiramidi yezemali, kukho ininzi kwinethiwekhi, kwaye iyinyani. KwiWebhu yeWebhu yehlabathi, i-"7 wallets" inkqubo ithandwa kakhulu. Umququzeleli ubeka inani elincinci lamasundu angama-7, kwaye ungeze inombolo yakhe ye-akhawunti kuleluhlu kwaye uthumele iintengiso kwi- intanethi , amaqela kunye namaforamu, emema ukuba angene kule projekthi. Nangona kunjalo, unqwenela ukwazi indlela yokwakha iipiramidi zemali, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba nayiphina iprojekthi yolu hlobo iya kulahlwa. Nangona bonke abemi beplanethi bajoyina, kuya kuqubuka emva kokuba ilungu lokugqibela lingene.
Indlela yokwenza imali kwiipramramid zemali?
Abemi abanobukrakra abanako ukufumana imali engenayo ngokujoyina inhlangano enjalo. Into ephambili ayikuqwalasela umvuzo kwiipramramid zemali njengomthombo wedwa kunye noxhasomali wengeniso. Joyina intlangano kufuneka ibe yintsika yophuhliso lwayo, kwaye kungekhona xa abaninzi abahlobo nabahlobo sele beyifumene nayo, kuba umgaqo-piramidi wezemali kukuba awuhlali ixesha elide. Xa isiphelo siba khona, imali kunye nomdla kufuneka ihoxiswe kwaye ingasabikho mngcipheko.
Iziphumo zeepramramid zemali
Amabali amaninzi amaninzi adibene nomsebenzi wawo. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 e-Albania, inethiwekhi yonke yeenkampani ezinokubakho kwemali kwi-30% ye-GDP yonyaka yelizwe yabangela umonakalo ku rhu lumente ukuba emva kokuwa kweprogram, umkhosi wawudinga ukubuyisela umyalelo kunye nokukhuthaza abantu abacaphukileyo. Ngenxa yoko, abantu bafa, kwaye urhulumente unyanzelekile ukuba ashiye phantsi. I-pyramid yotyalo-mali iyabetha iindawo ezichaphazelekayo kubemi, ngenxa yokuba abaninzi babo bafumana abantu abalula, abangafundile.
I-Psychology yexhoba leepramramid zemali
Amaxhoba aloo projekti yotyalo-mali ayilwazi kuphela ukungafundi kakuhle, kodwa abuye afunde ngokucacileyo kwimicimbi yomthetho kunye nabantu abacebileyo. Abayi kuhlaziswa ngenxa yokukhohlisa, kwaye bakulungele ukukhohliswa, ukuze bakwazi ukukhohlisa. Abantu abanjalo abanokwakheka kwengqondo kuthiwa bahlobo lwe-asteroid. Ubungqina babo bubonakaliswa ngokuzimela, uvakalelo, ukusikisela okulula, kungabikho ukukhankanya i-hypnosis.
Bafuna ukwazi indlela yokwenza imali kwi-pyramid yezemali, kwaye abaququzeleli bakulungele ukuphendula yonke imibuzo yabo, bachaza yonke into emigqabini ye-iridescent, ukuhleka usulu kunye nokugxotha zonke iingxabano ezifanelekileyo kunye nokudala umoya wokunyaniseka kwabantu, ukunyaniseka, ukukrakra nokwesaba ukulahlekelwa ithuba lakho. Kwaye xa kuqala iintlawulo zokuqala, umntu akakwazi ukuyeka. Kufana nokudlala i-roulette, apho umonakalo ugxotha zonke iingxabano zengqondo.
Iipramramid zemali ezidumileyo
Ihlabathi liyazi iiprojekthi ezininzi zobuqhetseba eziye zachaphazela amawaka nezigidi zabantu. Phakathi kwazo:
- I-AOT "MMM" S. Mavrodi . Ekuqaleni, inkampani yakhe yenza imisebenzi yezemali kunye nezoshishino, kwaye ngo-1994 yaqalisa ukuthengisa izabelo zayo, ukuzisa umda othile wokuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwezi ziqinisekiso, eziye zanda. Inkampani ephawulwayo yabonwa kuphela ngo-1997 kwaye ngeli xesha uMavrodi wakwazi nokuba yisekela, kwaye xa ubuqhetseba bakhe sele beveziwe. Ngokutsho koqikelelo oluthile, ama-2-15 yezigidi-mali ahlaselwa ngamaxhoba.
- Iipramramid zemali eziziwayo ziquka inkampani uBernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC B. Meidoff . Walungiselela ukuqina kwakhe ngo-1960, kwaye ngo-2009 wityholwa ngobuqhetseba waza wagwetywa iminyaka eyi-150 entolongweni.
- "IVlastilina" VI. Solovyovoy . Ikhampani yakhe yaba udumo ngokufumana abatyala-mali bokuqala beemoto, kodwa emva kweminyaka emibini emva kokuba umbutho uwile ngo-1994, ushiye abantu abangaphezu kwe-16 amawaka ngaphandle kwegazi labo.