Isifo sikashukela sisinye sezifo ezinzulu ezikhula ngenxa yokungahambi kwemveliso ye-hormone insulin. Ukugula okunjalo kubangela ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi weenxalenye ezininzi kunye neenkqubo, ekugqibeleni ekubeka ingozi yokufa.
Ukwephulwa kwimiqathango yezinto zonke iintlobo ze-metabolism kubandakanywa, kubangela ukuba u-angiopathy onesifo sikashukela oqulethwe ngokutshabalaliswa kwemida encinci yegazi. Kule meko, i-homeostasis iphukile kwaye iindonga zeempahla zonakaliswe.
Le nkqubo emzimbeni wezigulane ezinesifo sikashukela, kwi-90% yeziganeko zikhokelela kumonakalo kwiinqanawa ze-shell ye-shell ye-eyeballball. Yena, njengoluhlobo lwe-microangiopathy yesifo sikashukela, ubizwa ngokuba "yi-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela", enye yeyona ndlela inzima kakhulu kwinkqubo yesifo kwiimpahla.
Iimpawu kunye nezimbangela zesifo se-diabetes retinopathy
Esi sifo sibonakala ngesifo sikashukela esilula ixesha elide, kodwa ukufumanisa ngokukhawuleza kwesi sifo kuvumela ukuba kuthatyathwe amanyathelo kwaye imeko yesigulane iyancitshiswa kwixesha elizayo, ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi ebonakalayo kwi-diabetes mellitus yenye yezinto ezikhubazayo.
Kwimeko ye-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wobuphofu, obangamaxesha angama-25 ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwizigulane zesifo sikashukela kunabantu abangenayo i-diabetes mellitus.
Phakathi kwezona zinto ezibangela ukuba i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela zimbini:
- i-hyperglycemia - ukwanda kwe-glucose kumxholo wegazi;
- mzimba.
Okokuqala, umthombo wentsholongwane ukuphulwa kwe-microcirculation. Umqobo we-hemato-retinal, okuyimfuneko yokukhusela izicubu zokubuyisela kwiimilakhi ezinkulu ezivela emithanjeni yegazi, akawufezekisi imisebenzi yayo, ibe yinto engaphelelekiyo, kwaye umphumo uyinxalenye yezinto ezingafunwa kwi-retina.
Umyalelo weempawu zesifo zilandelayo:
- Vasodilation.
- Ukwanda kwegazi.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kobunqamle beeseli ezinqamlekileyo zemvelaphi ye-mesenchymal.
- Ukuqoqa ama-capillaries.
- Ukwandiswa kokungena.
- Ukuvela kwezinto zokumelana.
- Ukwanda kwamanzi emithanjeni yegazi.
- Ukunyuka kwegazi.
- Ukuhlaziywa - imisebenzi ebonakalayo iphela.
Ngethuba lokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yale nkqubo, isigulane sibheka ukwehla kwezinto ezibonakalayo, okuwuphawu lokungahoywa kwesifo. I-2% kuphela yezigulane zinokungabikho kombono we-100%.
Izigaba zesifo se-diabetes retinopathy
- I-retinopathy engeyiyo yokukhetha isifo sikashukela (isigaba soku-1) - isiguli sinemikhawulo emininzi kunye neengqungquthela ezisendaweni ezikuyo kwiziko le-fundus. Kule meko, i-edema ye-retinal iboniswa kunye neenqanawa ezinkulu okanye kwindawo.
- I-retinopathy yesandulela ngandlela-thile yesifo sikasifo (isigaba 2) - isigulane sinokugqithisa ngokuqinileyo kunye ne-microvascular, kunye ne-anomalies enezifo.
- I-retinopathy ephezulu yesifo sikashukela (isigaba sesi-3) - i-disc ye-optic nerve igxininiswa ngemithambo yegazi, i-hemorrhages iyenzeka kwi-vitreous. Iinqanawa ezintsha zineendonga ezincinci, kwaye oku kukhokelela ekubanjeni kwamanzi amaninzi, okuvusa i-retina.
Unyango lwe-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
Unyango lwesifo luqhutywa phantsi kolawulo lweengcali ezimbini - i-endocrinologist kunye ne-ophthalmologist.
Imithi yesifo sesifo sikashukela se-retinopathy
Phakathi kwamayeza ekunyango kwesi sifo, i-vitamin complexes isetyenziselwa, kuba isifo esiyinkqubo yesifo esenza ukuba i-retinopathy isifo sikashukela ihambelane kunye nokunqongophala kwamavithamini kunye nama-microelements.
Ukunika ubunzima be-vitamin B, kunye no-P, C no-E. Ama-vithamini amathathu edlulileyo anqunywe yikhosi e-1 inyanga ezine ngonyaka. Kwakhona kusetyenziswe i-angioprotectors, i-normalizing system ye-vascular:
- Iprotheni;
- Ukutya;
- Doxium.
Isigaba sesi-3 sibonisa ukusebenzisa i-laser photocoagulation.
Ukunyangwa kwamanyathelo omntu wesifo se-diabetes retinopathy
Ekubeni imbangela ye-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela kwi- metabolism ephazamisekile, ithetha ukuba isilungiso esilungileyo kunye nesilungileyo sokwenza unyango siya kuthotyelwa kokutya.
Amafutha anqweneleka ukukhawulelana, kodwa iswekile, i-jam, i-candy - nayiphi na i-carbohydrate engcolileyo kalula-kufuneka uyikhuphe ngaphandle.
Konke oku, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kweentlanzi, i-cottage cheese kunye ne-oatmeal, equkethe izinto ze-lipotropic.