I-Aquarium primer ngumgaqo obalulekileyo wokukhetha nokulungiselela

Umhlaba we-Aquarium ubizwa ngokuba yingxenye yendalo, eyimfuneko yokuphila nayiphi na intlanzi. Isetyenziselwa ukudala ukubonakala komzimba opheleleyo ekhaya: njengento yokulingana kwemvelo, akubalulekanga kunamanzi okanye ukutya. Kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba, ezenzelwe ezitolo, kunzima ukulahleka kumthengi ngaphandle kwamava.

Ngaba udinga umhlaba kwi-aquarium?

Ngenxa yokuba ubuninzi bezinto ezikhethiweyo zokukhetha kunye neendidi ezahlukeneyo zexabiso le-substrate kumnikazi wezilwanyana, kunokukhokelela ukukhohlisa ukuba umntu unokuyenza ngaphandle kwayo. Ukuqonda ukuba kutheni ufuna i-primer enomsoco kwi-aquarium, uluhlu lwemisebenzi yalo luya kunceda:

• ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kwimpilo yomhlaba ongaphantsi kwamanzi;
• umgaqo weendlela zokuvuselelwa kwezinto eziphilayo ze-aquarium system;
• ukuqiniswa kweengcambu zezityalo, iintlobo zezinto ezinokukhula kuphela emhlabeni;
• ukufumana i-aquarium hydrophytes eyinkimbinkimbi yamavithamini kunye neemaminerali;
• ukubonelela ngeendawo zokuloba iintlanzi, ejwayele ukumbumba umhlaba wonke umhlaba;
• ukucoca okuyiyo;
• "Indlu yokugcina" ye-caviar.

Yiyiphi i-primer okuyiyo yokukhetha i-aquarium?

Iintlobo zee-substrates namhlanje zingabonwa kwisitoreji esilula kakhulu. Ekuphishekeleni iipropati zemihlobiso, umntu akufanele akhuphe ezinye iimpawu ezijongene nokulinganisela kwenkqubo yezinto eziphilayo. Ukuze ufunde indlela yokukhetha i-primer ye-aquarium, unako, ukuba unamathela kwiingcebiso ezilandelayo zeengcali:

1. Ukucaciswa kwinqanaba le-porosity yezinto ezibonakalayo. I-substrate edayiweyo ayivumeli amanzi ukuba adlule kwaye ngokukhawuleza abe ngongcolileyo.
2. Ukwenza uludwe lweentlanzi kunye nezityalo ezikhoyo. Ukungahambelani kungabhubhisa abantu ababuhlungu.
3. Ukukhetha amanani amaninzi angaphikisani nomnye. Ukuba ama-substrates amakhulu akhethwe njengengubo yosuku, angabangela ukulimala kwiintlanzi ezincinci. Ukuyithintela, i-substrate yomhlaba we-aquarium ukusuka kumxube amancinci asetyenziswa.
4. Ukuphawula umphumo ekubunjweni kwamanzi. Kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba, izinga le-ph-icandelo elijongene ne-acidity yelwelo ihluke. IMarble, i-limestone, i-dolomite kunye ne-sandstone ithathwa njengengxaki ngale ndlela.

I-primer yomnyama kwi-aquarium

I-substrate emnyama iyonke, kuba ngasemva kwayo nayiphi na into ehlobisayo ibonakala ilungile. Isetyenziswe kwizibini zombini ezinkulu kunye ezincinci. Lo mthunzi unesiseko sezityalo kwi-aquarium, eyenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne:

1. Quartz emnyama. Kabiza, kuba kuthathwa njengelitye elingenakulinganiswa kwaye lisetyenziselwa ukugxininisa udumo lomnikazi we-aquarium kunokuba luncedo lwabemi balo.
2. Basalt yemvelo. Ngenxa yokuba lidala intsimi enamandla kunye ne-relief relief, i-hydrophyte engapheli ngaphantsi kwamanzi ikhula kakuhle kuyo. Kwitanki kunye nalo, i-shrimp ihlala ihlala kakuhle.
3. Shungite. Ngenxa yeendleko zokulinganisela iindleko, ngokuqhelekileyo zikhohliswa. Bobabini umhlaba we-aquarium we-aquarium ovela kwi-shungite uye wabhekisela emacaleni.
4. Basalt. Ukunciphisa kwayo kukunyuka emanzini emva kweenyanga ezintathu zokusetyenziswa. Emva kolu xesha, i-basalt iba grey kwaye iqala ukungcolisa amanzi.

I-Quartz primer kwi-aquarium

I-quartz yemvelo yee-shades ezahlukileyo ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa ngamanzi ashushu okanye olwandle. Kukulungele ukuba ayikhulise ubunzima bamanzi kwaye ihlambulukiswa kalula nge siphon. Izityalo, ukuba ukukhula kulindeleke, kuya kufuna ukuba ubuncinane buncinci uhlobo oluthile lwenqwelo. I-quartz ye-Primer ye-aquarium inenani lamaminithi:

• impembelelo engafanelekanga ekuzaleni iintlanzi;
• iqhekeza elihle kakhulu kwisihlabathi se-quartz;
• impembelelo engalunganga ekuphuhlisweni kwezityalo kunye nenkqubo yeengcambu ezinkulu.

I-Primer ye-aquarium - isanti

Isanduli ayithengi, ngoko iyakushintsha ngokuphindaphindiweyo kune-quartz okanye i-shungite. Akusiyo inetyhefu, eyenza ibe yinxalenye efanelekileyo yendalo kwintlanzi kunye nokutya okuchukumisayo kunye namanqanaba amancinci. Umhlaba ongcono kakhulu kwi-aquarium yesihlabathi ungokohlobo lweentlobo ezifana nalezi:

1. UMlambo. Ingadluliselwa emlanjeni, uhlaziye iinqununu ngee-sieves ezimbini ezinobumba obubanzi beemingxube.
2. OLwandle. Kuvunwa kwiiforali ze-coral kwaye zifakwe kwiipakethi ngaphandle kokumiswa kokuqala, okugcina izixhobo ezincinci ezinokusifumana kuzo.
3. Omnyama. Oku kuquka isanti kumagnetite, ilmenite kunye ne-hematite. Iveliswa ngokuhlanza ii-quartz ezinamadwala.
4. White aragonite. Umxube wemvelo weengxube ze-mollusks nee-corals. Zonke zichaphazela ubunzima bamanzi, ezingonakalisa impilo yeentlanzi zangaphandle.

I-Primer ye-aquarium - amatye

Amatye amaninzi amancinci amancinane angasetyenziselwa njengento engaphantsi komhlaba ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuphazamisa iifom kunye nomsila weentlanzi. Zisetyenziselwa emathanjeni amanzi amanzi eendawo ezivulekile nezivaliweyo. Umhlaba wezityalo ze-aquarium ukusuka kumacwecwe ahlukaniswe ngeentlobo ezimbini:

1. Gravel gravel. Izityalo ezijikelezileyo ezibubanzi be-5 ukuya kwi-30 mm ziqokelelwa emithanjeni yomlambo kwaye zifakwe kwisigubungelo esingaphantsi kwesiseko. Zonke iintlobo zamatye ziyakwamkelwa, ngaphandle kwalabo abakhulula i-ammonia kunye ne-ammonium.
2. Amanxuwa. Umhlaba wendalo oveliswe kummandla wonxweme. Kukulungele ukugcina intlanzi yamanzi e-shrimp ne-freshwater.

I-primer ye-White for aquarium

Ukumboza umgca wombala omhlophe ukhethwa ngabo baphuphayo ngokuphinda baxelise ulwandle kwigumbi. Kukwaziwa kakhulu ngabaqalayo emanzini, abangenazixhobo ezinokungathengi ukuba bathenge ama-substrates angabizi. Umntu ozikhethele ilitye elimhlophe okanye i-quartz njengempendulo kumbuzo wokuba yeyiphi i-primer yokuthenga i-aquarium kufuneka akhumbule ngokungahambi kwayo:

• ukuqokelela kweetekisi emanzini;
• ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-substrate ukulungiswa kwezityalo;
• ukubonakala kwengubo eluhlaza okanye eluphuzi kumatye;
• ukukhanyisa kwabo kumbala we-pigment of feed okanye iyeza yeentlanzi.

I-primer yamarble kwi-aquarium

Amafama entlanzi afunyanisiweyo atyhola ingcamango ecacileyo yokubandakanya izibhulu zeemarbo kwizinto eziphilayo zendawo yentlanzi. Umhlaba wemvelo we-aquarium kule mineral ukhulisa kakhulu ubunzima bamanzi, obonakala ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokungonakaliswa kwimeko yemfuyo kunye nokunciphisa ukutya. Intlanzi kuphela eya kuvulela ukunyaniseka okuphezulu yi- cichlid . Uthanda ukuchitha ixesha phakathi kweqela lomdaka wase dolomite ohlala phantsi kwe-mineral.

I-primer aquarium primer

Ukuxhaswa kwama-substrates ezinemibala kunika indawo eqhotyoshelweyo xa ukuhlobisa umthamo wendalo nayiphi na i-aquarium. Ngenxa yokuba ihlanganiswe ngombala weedayi, ayinathathi inxaxheba ekutshintshisweni kwamanzi ngokugcwele, ngoko kuxutyaniswa kunye namatye angokwemvelo. Itholakala ngendlela yesanti, iveli kunye negravel. Ukukwazi ukuba luhlobo luni lomhlaba olufunekayo kwi-aquarium kwaye nokuba luyingozi, kufuneka uqaphele ezi zinto:

• iibhabisi ezenza umhlaba;
• ukukwazi ukubala okanye ukungabikho kwamanzi;
• Umenzi unemvume esemthethweni yokukhutshwa kwalo mgca.

Indlela yokulungiselela i-primer ye-aquarium?

Emva kokuthenga, umhlaba awulayithwanga emanzini: kufuna ukulungiswa kwangaphambili, ngamanye amaxesha kuthatha iintsuku eziliqela. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu beqhezu, kufuneka kuhlanjululwe okanye kudluliswe ngesihlunu:

1. Umhlaba ochanekileyo we-aquarium ngesimo sesanti unqunywe kabini nge-sieve kunye nezimbobo ezincinci kunye ezinkulu.
2. Amatye amaminerali kunye namatye athatyathwa ngesandla, asula nge-rag esithambileyo ukususa uthuli. Phakathi kwe-substrate akufanele kube yi-inclusions ye-organic-they are prone to rot.

Indlela yokuhlamba umhlaba kwi-aquarium?

Isigaba sesibini se-substrate ukulungiselela ukuhlamba. Inceda ukususa amabhaktheriya, i-lacquer residues ngamatye abalawuli, i-debris encinci. Ukuze uqonde indlela yokuhlamba ngokuchanekileyo umhlaba we-aquarium, kufuneka ulandele ezinye iingcebiso:

1. Amatye naliphi na iqhekeza kunye nesihlabathi isetyenziswe kwisitya seplastiki esigcwele ngamanzi abandayo.
2. I-Soap kunye ne-liquid detergents ayifanelekanga ukucoca i-substrate-bayakwazi ukutyhefu intlanzi.
3. Umhlaba omkhulu we-aquarium wongezwa ngokugqithisiweyo kwiphepha lokubhaka kwisitofu segesi.
4. Inxuwa ukwenzela ukukhusela ukubonakala kwesikhafu, ihlanjwe ngesisombululo esincinci sepesenti e-hydrochloric acid. Emva koko, kuhlanjwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo amaxesha amaninzi kumanzi ahambayo.

Ubukhulu bomhlaba kwi-aquarium

Ukuphakama kwe-substrate kwisithintela kuxhomekeke kumbono wayo kunye nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ziphakamileyo zezityalo kunye nobukhulu beqhezu yecandelo ngalinye lomxube we-benthic. Nquma ukuba unomhlaba omdinga kangakanani kwi-aquarium, isikhalazo esilula siya kunceda:

1. Isitya esincinci sidinga umgca we-substrate we-1.5-2 cm.
2. I-aquarium ephakathi ephakamileyo idinga isilonda se-4-5 cm.
3. Iintlanzi ezinkulu ziza kuluhlula u-7-12 cm.

Faka phantsi phantsi komhlaba kwindawo ye-aquarium

Izongezelelo zondlova zifakwa phantsi kwe-substrate yendalo yamatye, i-shungite okanye isanti, kuba ayinayo into engokwemvelo engakwazi ukuzalisa iingcambu zezityalo nge-microelements. Ukwazi ukuba yintoni umhlaba wokutshala izityalo ze-aquarium, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukwahlukanisa ngokuqhelekileyo. I-substrate enezondlo iqulethe i-granules ebanjwe ngodongwe kunye ne-peat. Ngendlela yeengcambu, zifaka iziqu zezityalo kunye nokuzinzisa imo yendalo.

Indlela yokucoca umhlaba kumanzi?

Ukususela ekuhlambulukeni kwezantsi kwe-aquarium kuxhomekeke kumgangatho kunye nokuphila kwexesha leentlanzi ezihlala kuyo. Uninzi lwamadwala lubuhlungu ngokukrakra kwiintlobo ezincinci, ezivusa ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo. Nayiphi na umfuyi uyazi ukuba umhlaba we-aquarium kufuneka uhlambuluke ngaphezu kweeveki ezingama-2-3, kwaye ukucocwa okunzulu kufuneka kunikezwe ubuncinane kanye emva kweenyanga ezi-6-12. Inkqubo yokususwa kwamagqabi afileyo, izityalo ezityhilwa ngabemi beetanki kunye namanzi angamazantsi kufuneka alandele i-algorithm ethile:

1. Ukukhethwa kwe siphon yekhwalithi. Le fowuni yicoceko yomhlaba kwi-aquarium ngendlela yepayipi ene-tip ukuze unike amanzi phantsi kwengcinezelo. Kwesinye isiphelo sephayiphu yipare, eyenzelwe ukudweba amanzi kwi-tube.
2. Khetha umbhobho. Kwinqonga le-tube enamathele okanye i-cylinder. Kwiimodeli zamaninzi zanamhlanje zifakwe "i-vacuum cleaners", ezixhaswe ngamabhetri omnwe.
3. Umbhobho okanye "i-vacuum cleaner" ifakwe kwizantsi kwe-aquarium, ukuze ukugeleza kwamanzi kusebenze amatye kwi-mucus ne-silt.
4. Ngendlela yokunyanzeliswa kwe-pear kwi-thickness of the coating, yonke i-debris ixutywe ngumqathango.