I-Electrocardiografi yindlela engabizi kwaye ifundisa kakhulu ukuxilongwa, evumela ukuba kuchonge izifo zeentliziyo ezibangelwa isigulane ubuncinane ubunzima. Isiphumo sophando yi-ECG ye-cardiac - oko kukuthi, i-electrocardiogram ngendlela yesigrafu esibonisa umsebenzi welilungu.
Iintliziyo zeCGG?
Umgaqo wesifundo kukurekhoda ukuguquka kwimeko ekhoyo ehamba kunye neentlukwano zentliziyo yesisu kwaye idluliselwa kwi-cardiograph ngokusebenzisa i-electrodes. Iintlukwano ezinokwenzeka zibizwa ngokuba zikhokelo, kwaye ukubhaliswa kwazo, i-electrodes zifakwe kwi:
- ngesandla sokunene;
- ngesandla sobunxele;
- umlenze okhohlo.
Ukongezelela, inkokheli nganye inezibonda ezimbini - kunye kunye nokunciphisa. Zizonke zithandathu. Ngomlenze ongakwesokudla, i-electrode isetyenziswe njengombane we-electrode, kwaye i-potential power is not recorded from it.
Ukongezelela ukukhokelela kwimilenze, kwi-cardiography, ukuhlukana kwizinto ezinokuthi zikhokelo ze-thoracic ziqikelelwa - ngokubanzi zikhona zithoba, kodwa zihlala zithandathu kuphela, kwaye enye inemibuzo eyodwa. La oogqirha babeka i-electrodes kwisifuba ngamaphuzu athile.
Ukulungiselela i-ECG yentliziyo
Azikho amanyathelo okhethekileyo athathwe ngaphambi kokufunda. Oogqirha bacebisa ukuba bangakhathazeki ngexesha lokurekhoda kwe-ECG, ingakumbi kuba le ndlela yokuxilongwa ayikho ingavumelekanga, kwaye isiguli asifumani nantoni na.
Akunconywa ukusebenzisa i-oil creams phambi kwe-cardiography. Iimpahla zazo ezikhunjini ziyakwazi ukuphazamisa umphumo wemilinganiselo. Ukuthintela indawo enjalo yokulungisa ama-electrode, ukuhla kwezotywala. Emva koko i-gel eqhubayo isetyenziselwa (iyakuthatyathwa yimihla yokumisa emanzi) kwaye i-sucker ichongiwe.
Emva koko, ugqirha uphendukela kwisixhobo kwaye uqala ukurekhoda i-ECG ye-cardi - njengomthetho, ugqirha ekufumanisa ukuba unokuyichaza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho ukuphambuka okukhulu kwitshathi, ukubonisana okuqhubekayo kuqhutyelwa kuphela ngabaya kwi-cardiologist.
Inqubo yonke ayithathi ngaphezu kwemizuzu emibini. Ngenxa yokuba Ama-suckers adityaniswe kuphela kumzimba ohambahambayo, kulungile ukugqoka iimpahla eziphathekayo (iintambo ziya kufuneka zisuswe naluphi na imeko). Ukuba isigulane sinokuphefumula okukhulu, ukuze sibone i-arrhythmiya ye-cardi kwi-ECG ngokuchanekileyo, ngexesha lokulinganisa, uyanconywa ukuba ahlale engathethi.
Yintoni ebonisa i-ECG yentliziyo?
Le ndlela yokuxilonga ivumela:
- Hlaziya ubukhulu beqhinga lomzimba kunye nokuhlala rhoqo.
- Ukuchonga ukwephulwa kwe-magnesium, i-calcium, i-potassium kunye nezinye i-electrolytes.
- Qaphela umonakalo kwi-myocardium, ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo okanye i-ischemia.
- Ukutyhila i-hypertrophic ye-ventricle ekhohlo.
Etshati ye-cardiogram, amazinyo P, Q, R, S, T abonakalayo, kunye nezinyo ezincinci ziyabonakala. Zonke zihambelana nesigaba esithile sokuqhawula kunye nokuphumla kwesisu senhliziyo.
ECG ezingavumelekanga
Okokuqala, i-arrhythmias kunye ne-cardiac blockages kwi-ECG zityhilwa-ezi ziinguqu kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo kunye nokuhlala rhoqo kwe-pulse.
Kunokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa oku kuphulwa ngendlela elandelayo:
- I-Tachycardia yintliziyo yokukhawuleza, oko kukuthi, ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo; yinto yokuphila (ngexesha lokuzilolonga) kunye neentsholongwane (iingxakeko nakwiindawo zokuphumla).
- I-Bradycardia-intliziyo yexabiso eliphantsi (ukuya kuma-70 beats ngomzuzu).
- Extrasystolia - ukuphulwa kwentliziyo, apho i-muscle yenza ukunciphisa okungaqhelekanga.
- I-fibrillation ye-Atrial ifomu ye-tachycardia
i-electroactivity ekhuselekileyo ye-atria inemvelaphi kwaye ayinakwenzeka yokunciphisa ukulungiswa kwazo.
Ukugqithiswa kwizinto eziqhelekileyo kwi-ECG ye-cardi zivandlakanywa yi-cardiologist, nangona le ndlela yokuxilonga ingenakho ukufundisa ngokufanelekileyo. Kwaye ke babela i-ultrasound (Echo-KG), okukuvumela ukuba ulandele umsebenzi we-muscular heart ngexesha langempela, jonga ukuhamba kwegazi, qwalasela isakhiwo se-valves. Nika i-ultrasound yenhliziyo okanye i-electrocardiogram, ugqirha ugqiba-ngoviwo oluqhelekileyo kubantu abaphilileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela i-electrocardiogram yanele.