Ukuxilongwa okuqhelekileyo, njengokwehluleka kwenhliziyo (OCH), yintlupheko apho iintliziyo zithintela ukukwazi ukuvumelana ngokuvumelana. Oku kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwepom ye-organ, ngenxa yokuba zonke izicubu ziqala ukungena-oksijini.
Iimbangela zokuhluleka kwentliziyo
Ixesha eliqhelekileyo luchukumisekile ukuphelelwa yintsholongwane yomzimba kuba ngumphumo ongapheliyo. Kwi-60 ukuya ku-70% yamatyala, ngokukodwa asebekhulile, i-OSS ivela ngenxa yokugqithisa kwesifo sengqondo senhliziyo esele ikhona (i-myocardial infarction okanye iingxaki zayo).
Kwizigulane ezincinci, ukukhubazeka kunokubangelwa ngu:
- endocarditis;
- i-arrhythmia;
- isifo senhliziyo;
- ukuphucula i-cardiomyopathy (ukuphuculwa kwentliziyo yentambo);
- i-aortic stenosis;
- tamponade yeenhliziyo;
- myocarditis enzima.
Ukongeza kwizinto ezibalulekileyo zokugula, okubizwa ngokuba yiyo. Izinto ezingenayo intliziyo ezigalela ekuphuhlisweni kwayo:
- isifo esinzima;
- ukuhluleka kwezintso;
- i-pneumonia, i-septicemia kunye nezinye izifo;
- ukugqithisa iziyobisi;
- ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala;
- i-asthma ye-bronchial;
- pheochromocytoma.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubonakaliswa kweklinikhi yesifo se-heart failure.
- OCH;
- I-ventricular DOS;
- tshutshiswa kwemizimba.
Izibonakaliso zokuhluleka kwentliziyo
Nge-OOS ye-ventricular engasekhohlo, ukutshintshwa kwegesi emiphakeni kuphazamiseka ngokukhulula ngenxa yokunyuka kwesigxina se-circulation. Izikhalazo eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- i-arrhythmia;
- buthathaka;
- ukukhwehlela.
Umntu one-OSS uzama ukuhlala kwindawo yokuhlala. Ukuba akukho ncedo lunikezelwa, kunye nokunyuka kwegazi kwisigcaziso esincinci siqhubeka, ukukhwehlela nge-sputum enegazi eliya kuqala, kunye ne-pulse ephawulwayo ngobunzima, ulusu luba lubala, lubandayo kwaye lukhuni kunye nokuphefumula.
Kwimeko ye-OCH ye-ventricular efanelekileyo, xa kukho i-stagnation kwimifuno (isangqa esikhulu sokujikeleza kwegazi), ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswe:
- intlungu emva kwe-sternum;
- ukuguquka okubandayo kunye ne-cyanosis yolusu;
- Ukuvuvukala kweemvini (ingakumbi entanyeni);
- behla kwixinzelelo legazi;
- ukuphefumula ukuphefumula, ukuxhatshazwa;
- ukukhawuleza okufana nentambo;
- ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, ukuhlahlela;
Ngokutshatyalaliswa kwenyama (kubizwa ngokuba yi-syndrome yesiphumo senhliziyo encinci), umntu unokunciphisa kakhulu uxinzelelo (ukuya kwiixabiso zero). Isihlungu sesiguli, ubuhlungu bakhe bufana nentambo, isikhumba sibala. Kukhona i-anuria (akukho mchamo kwi-bladder). Emva koko, ukungaphumeleli kwezintso, i-edema ye-pulmona iyaqhubeka.
Uncedo lokuqala ukuhluleka kwentliziyo
Ngenxa yokuba i-DOS yimeko esiphuthumayo esongela ubomi bomntu ngokubalulekileyo, kwiimpawu zokuqala zokuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana, kufuneka "i-ambulensi". Qinisekisa ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kweentlobo zengcali yokungaphumeleli kunzima, kodwa ukuba isigulane sihlaselwa kungekhona okokuqala, mhlawumbi unakho kwi-khabhinethi ye-nitroglycerin, egqitywe ngugqirha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kungqiniswanga ukuthatha eli liyeza okanye lilinike umntu ngaphandle kwengcebiso yonyango, ekubeni umntu onokuzidibanisa unokudibanisa ngokukhawuleza ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kunye nokutyhafa ngokuqhelekileyo, apho i nitroglycerin iyingozi.
Isixhobo sokuqala esingcono kakhulu sokusilela kwenhliziyo kukubiza udokotela kwaye unikezele isigulane umoya omtsha. Ugqirha kakhulu unika i-diuretics kunye neziyobisi zeqela le-nitroglycerin (ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lusemgangathweni kwaye kukho i-OCH ye-ventricular OCH). Ukuba uxinzelelo luphantsi, unike i-dopamine, dobutamine.
Unyango lwe-ventricular ye-heart failure ye-oxygenation, ukulawulwa kwe-analgesics kwisigulane, i-prednisolone, i-diuretics, i-nitrate, i-carlyac glycosides.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-cardiogenic kukwaphathwa kwakhona nge-oxigenotherapy, i-adrenaline, i-norepinephrine, i-dopamine, i-anticoagulants imiselwe.