I-Cataract ingahlakulela kwelinye okanye kumabini omabili, kwaye ihluke kwindawo yokuxhamla: ukuba isifo sifana nendawo ye-lens, ayibonakali ngokucacileyo, kwaye ixesha elithile lingakwazi ukungaqondakali ngaphandle kokubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu. Xa uphatha izigaba zokuqala ze-cataracts ezinxulumene neminyaka, amayeza (amaconsi e-katachrome, i-quinaks kunye nabanye) abakwazi ukuphucotha ukuphuhliswa kwayo, kodwa ayinakuqeda ukutshabalalisa okukhoyo.
Ugqirha ukususa i-cataracts
Okwangoku, indlela eqhelekileyo yonyango lwe-cataract yintsebenzo ukususa ilensi echaphazelekayo kwaye ifake ilensi yokufakelwa kwindawo yayo.
- Phacoemulsification. Ngomzuzu kuthathwa njengendlela ehamba phambili kunye nekhuselekileyo yonyango lwe-cataract. Ukusebenza kwenziwa nge-microcut (2-2.5 mm) apho iprobethi ekhethekileyo ifakwe. Ngoncedo lwe-ultrasound, i-lens eyonakalisiweyo iya kuba yimizi emulsion kwaye isusiwe, kwaye endaweni yayo i-lens eguquguqukayo ifakwe, eyazimela ngokuzimeleyo kwaye igxininiswe ngaphakathi kwiso. Isikhathi sokuvuselela ixesha esibhedlele kwisibhedlele emva kokuba loo msebenzi ayifuneki.
- Utshintshi olongezelelweyo. Ukusebenza apho i-capsule yangemva kwe-lens ihlala khona, kwaye i-nucleus kunye ne-capsule yangaphambili isuswa kunye, kwiyunithi enye. Ingxaki eqhubekayo emva kokuba kusebenze loo ndlela kukuhlanganiswa kwe-capsule ye-lens kwaye ngenxa yoko, ukuphuhliswa kwe-cataracts yesibini.
- Ukukhutshwa kwe-Intracapsular. I-lens ikhutshwe kunye ne capsule, nge-cryoextraction (isebenzisa intonga yentsimbi ecolile). Kule meko, akukho mngcipheko wokuphuhliswa kwe-cataract, kodwa ubukhulu beprorepro prolapse banda.
- Utyando lwe laser. Indlela efana ne-phacoemulsification, apho i-lens ibhujiswa yile laser enexabiso elingakanani, emva koko kuyimfuneko kuphela ukususa i-lens eyonakalisiweyo nokufaka i-lens. Ngeli xesha, le ndlela ayihanjiswa ngokubanzi kwaye iphakathi kwezona zibiza kakhulu. Utyando lweCataract olukhethwe yi-laser lukhethwayo xa kukho iziphazamiso apho kuphakanyiswe ukuphakama okukhulu kwe-ultrasound ukutshabalalisa i-lens, enokubangela ukuba umonakalo kwi-cornea.
Ukungqinelana nokuhlinzwa
Akukho ziphikisana ngokubanzi kwi-cataract surgery. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa kwiindlela zanamhlanje ze-laser kunye ne-phacoemulsification, eyenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo.
Isifo sikashukela, isifo soxinzelelo, isifo senhliziyo, izifo ezingapheliyo zizinto ezinzima, kodwa isigqibo malunga nokuqhuba ukusebenza kwimeko nganye sizimisele ngokubodwa, ngokubonisana ngokugqithisileyo nogqirha we-specialist (cardiologist, njl).
Ukubuyiswa emva kokuhlinzwa
Ukubuyiswa emva kokuhlinzwa kuthatha kwiiyure ezingama-24 (iindlela zanamhlanje) kwiveki (i-lens extraction). Ukuze uphephe uxinzelelo kunye nokwenqatshwa kwe-implant, ngaphezu kwemimiselo yonyango, ngamnye kumzekelo ngamnye, inani leengcebiso kunye nemida kufuneka lilandelwe.
- Gwema ukuphakamisa izisindo, ekuqaleni ungabi ngaphezu kweekhilogram ezintathu, uze ufike ku-5, kodwa ungabikho.
- Musa ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ugweme intloko ukuguqula phantsi nanini na kunokwenzeka.
- Umthamo wokunciphisa, kunye neenkqubo zentsebenzo entloko (musa ukuhlala ilanga ixesha elide, ungavakatyeli i-saunas, ungasebenzisi amanzi atshisayo xa uhlamba intloko).
- Xa ukhala, susa amehlo ngeediski ezinobumba kunye neetamponi. Qaphela xa uhlamba.
- Xa uphuma, gqoka izibuko zelanga.
- Kwiiveki ezimbini zokuqala emva kokusebenza, kufuneka unciphise ukungena kwamanzi (mhlawumbi angabi ngaphezu kwehafu yesitha ngosuku), kunye nokuphepha ukutya okunesonka kunye nokutya. Ugwayi kunye notywala ngeli xesha lichazwe ngokubanzi.
Eli gunya kufuneka ligcinwe kwinyanga enye ukuya kweyesibini ukuya kweenyanga ezintathu emva kokusebenza, kuxhomekeke kwixesha kunye nejubane lokubuyisela. Ukuba isigulane sinezifo ezidibeneyo ezichaphazela amehlo, ixesha lokuvuselela lingaba lide.