Olunye u-10-15 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, in vitro fertilization yayithathwa njengento ethile yesayensi yendalo. Namhlanje, amashumi eenkulungwane zezibini ziye zathola ithuba lokufumana unonophelo lwama-mother kunye ne-fatherhood ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-ECO. Enye yeendlela eziphambili zonyango zokunyanga ukungabikho kwengqondo kukugqithiswa kwe-IVF yi-ICSI.
Ukukhulelwa kwe-IKSI - kubani kwaye kutheni
I-ICSI ithetha ukujova kwe-intracytoplasmic yesidoda. Ngaphandle kwegama elingabonakaliyo libhekiselele kunokuba lilula kwinkqubo yokuqala yokujonga: inambuzane ijojowe ngqo kwiqanda ngoncedo lweempawu ezincinci zeemveliso ezincinci. Ukungaqinisekanga, inkqubo ye-ICSI ibukeka ngathi ijojo. Kwaye oku kuchaza ukuphumelela okuphezulu kwendlela: yodwa imfuno yesilisa iyimfuneko, yonke imisebenzi eyenziwa yile mbhalo. I-sperm igcina kuphela ukutshala iqanda, ukudibanisa nenuclei yakhe. Ngako oko, i-ICSI isetyenziselwa ukuchumisa ebusweni beendlela ezinzima kakhulu zokungabikho komntwana, ezingenakulungelelaniswa unyango (umzekelo, ngokungabikho kokuzalwa komntwana okwenziwe ngumhlaza okanye ukungafumaneki kwe-spermatozoa ejaculate).
Ukongezelela, ukukhulelwa kwe-ICSI kumiselwe kula maxesha alandelayo:
- Izibonakaliso ezingekho phantsi kobunzima bokubaluleka kunye nobungakanani bembewu;
- Umgangatho ophantsi we "thawed" spermatozoa;
- ubukho beentlobo zamanqindi kumbindi.
ICSI?
Siza kubona indlela i-ICSI eqhubeka ngayo. Okokuqala, ukuchithwa kokufakelwa kwe-ICSI yinxalenye yeprogram ye-IVF, oko kuthetha ukuba onke amanyathelo okulungiselela - ukukhupha i-ovarian, ukuhluthwa, ukuqokelela kunye nokunyanga kwindoda-kwenzeka ngokufanayo ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuchumisa i-vitro. Ukwahlukana kuqale kwinqanaba lokulungiselela amaqanda ukuchumisa: i-embrologist iyakususa iindawo zayo ezikhuselayo ngoncedo lwe-reagent ekhethekileyo. Ngaphantsi kwe-microscope enamandla, i-sperm ibhetele nayo ikhethiweyo. Zomibini iiseli zifakwe kwiimfuno eziphathekayo apho ukushisa okufunekayo kunye nobunzima bugcinwe. Emva koko iqanda lichanekile ne-micropipette ekhethekileyo, i-spermatozoon isuswe umsila kwaye ifakwe kwi-micronedle. Ukusebenzisa i-manipulators, ngokucophelela, ukulawula nganye intshukumo nokuqwalasela okwenzekayo kwi-microscope, i-embryologist inikeza i-spermatozoon kwiqanda. Inkqubo ye-IVF IVF igqityiwe. Ihlala ilinde ukulinda ukuchumisa kunye nokwahlula kokuqala kweseli entsha.
ECO Izibalo ICSI
Umphumo we-ICSI ubundlobongela uphelelwe yimibandela emininzi, eyona nto iphambili ye-spermatozoa kunye ne-ovules. Kwaye iiseli zesetyhini azihlali zifunyanwa ngokuxhomekeka kwama-ovari. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, qela kwi-ICSI kumjikelezo wendalo - ukufumana iqanda ngaphandle kweyeza. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, efuna imfundo ephakamileyo yugqirha kwaye ingapheli ngokugqibeleleyo.
Ngokutsho kweenombolo ze-ICSI, ubunokwenzeka bokuchumisa ngokuphumelelayo emva kokuba inkqubo ye-ICSI ayidluli kwi-60%. Oku kubangelwa ukuba kwindlela yokulungiselela nokuziphatha kwe-ICSI ovum
Nangona kunjalo, ukukhulelwa kwe-ICSI kuyinto engaphantsi kakhulu kune-IVF. Kukho izizathu ezininzi: izixhobo ezibiza kakhulu ezingekho kwiikliniki zonke, ubunzima beenkqubo ngokwazo kunye neziqinisekiso eziphezulu ze-embrologist ezenzayo.