Ukhula luyiindwendwe ezingafunekiyo kumyezo wethu. Bawuthintela ukukhanya kunye namanzi ezityalo ezilinywayo esizikhathalelayo. Ukutshintshela kwiimeko zobomi beziqhamo ezixhamlayo, ukhula lukhula kunye nabo kwaye lonakalise izityalo.
Iintlobo zokhula
Izityalo zokhula ziyaziwa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zobomi. Ngendlela yokutya isondlo ihlukaniswe ngo:
- i-parasitic;
- i-parasitic;
- ayiyizifo.
Ukhula lwama-parasitic alinamagqabi kwaye luphuhliswe iingcambu, ngoko zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumphathi, zondla ngeendleko zakhe. Kukho iziqu kunye neengcambu zokhula. Iimfucu zitshalo zikhula kwiimpawu zomncedisi kwaye zondla izondlo kunye namanzi kuwo. Iingcambu zengcambu zikhetha ukuhlala kwiingcambu.
Ukhula lwama-Semiparasitic luyakwazi ukuthatha i-photosynthesis kwaye lwamkela kuphela amanzi kunye neemaminerali ukusuka kumninimzi, ngokuqhelekileyo uvale ubusika busika, ufikelele kwiingcambu zawo.
Ukhula lwangaphandle lwalusungile iingcambu kwaye luncinci kwaye luphela.
Ukhula lutsha
Ukhula olutsha luvelisa ngembewu kwaye aluhlali ngaphezu kweminyaka emibini. Nabo, bahlulwe ngamaqela amaninzi:
- ukuphefumula - banobomi obufutshane kakhulu, kodwa ngehlobo elithile banako ukusasazeka kwintsimi enkulu;
- iintlobo zentsasa zentwasahlobo - zihlambela izityalo ezityalwa ngexesha lokuqala (i-oats, ibhali, njl njl.);
- kwentwasahlobo - ihluke ngokuhluma emva kokuhluma, xa umhlaba usufudumele kwaye ulungele kakuhle;
- ubusika - qalisa ukukhula ekwindla, yakha inkqubo engcambu entle, kwaye entwasahlobo, i-overwinter, ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye iqale ukuqhakaza;
- Izityalo zasebusika zifana nokuphuhliswa kwebusika, kodwa ngehlobo azikwazi ukukhulula izihluma ezivelisa iziqhamo, kwaye ezininzi zazo zivela ekwindla kuphela;
- unyaka amabini - ukuphuhlisa kwabo kudinga iinyanga ezimbini. Ngethuba lokuqala kwehlobo bahlakulela, bomeleze inkqubo yeengcambu, kwaye ngonyaka wesibini bavelise iziqhamo, emva koko bafe.
Ukhula olusisigxina
Ukhula olungapheli luyingozi kakhulu. Ukongeza kokusabalalisa imbewu kunye neziqhamo, banokuphindaphinda ngama-rhizomes kunye nama-bulbs. Ukhula luhlala luhlukaniswe ngo:
- Ukhula lweengcambu eziqingqiweyo, ukuphuhlisa iingcambu ezinamandla ezingena emhlabathini ukuya kwi-2 m. Ukubambisa, iingcambu zinganika izityalo ezintsha;
- Iingcambu zengcambu ezinomsila kunye neengcambu ze-filiform eziphuhlisiwe, zivale izityalo zengca ezingapheliyo, iindlela zokuhamba kwendlela;
- ukhula lwengqungquthela, izityalo zokuzala ezingaphantsi komhlaba zi-rhizomes;
- Iingcambu zokhula zikhula zikhula, iingcambu zabo zinika iinqanaba ezininzi zenzalo, ezenza impembelelo enamandla.
Ulawulo lokhula
Imisebenzi yokucwangcisa ukulawula ukhula, kufuneka uqwalasele iimpawu zabo eziphilayo. Iintlobo zonke zilawulwa yintlobo enye, kufuneka ihlawulwe ngokukhethekileyo ekutshatyalaliswa kokhula.
Ukwahlula kwamanyathelo okulawula ukhula
Ukwahlula kusekelwe kwizinto ezi-2: uhlobo lokhula kunye neendlela zokutshatyalaliswa kwalo.
Ngophawu lokuqala, sichaza indlela ye-agrotechnical yokulwa nokhula, ehlulwe phakathi:
- ukukhusela, okubandakanya ukucocwa kwembewu, ukufika apho imbewu yokhula, ukuvuna ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukulungiswa komgangatho wokutya kwezilwanyana kunye nokugcinwa okufanelekileyo komgquba;
- Ukubhubhisa, okujoliswe kukutshatyalaliswa kwembewu kunye nemifuno yemifuno emhlabathini;
- ukuhlanjululwa, okubandakanya ukhula lokuhlukanisa ulwahlulo olungakhula kwindawo enikwe, kodwa lungeniswa ngaphandle.
- Ngesibini isibonakaliso, imvelo, i-mechanical, chemical, biological, phytocoenotic, i-ecological, i-organizational and complex complex means.
Ukhula o luncedo
Ukulwa nokhula, asiyikucinga ukuba iyakutya kwaye iyanceda. Ngentwasahlobo, ukhula luyakongeza ukondla kwethu kunye namavithamini, kwaye ukuwasebenzisa njengento yokunqanda isifo kunokususa izifo ezininzi.
Phantse zonke iintlobo zokhula zentwasahlobo ziyakutya, kwaye ithuba lokutyhefu lincinci kakhulu. Ukutya kukubandakanya i-quinoa, i-plantain, amaqabunga e-dandelion, i-wheatgrass-ingafakwa kwi-saladi. I-Nettle, sorrel kunye ne-clover zongezwa kwiisobho.
Ukhula lonyango luyi-nettle. I-Vitamin C kuyo ingaphezulu kwelimon izikhathi ezili-5. Isiphuzo seKhofi, esine-chicory zasendle, sinceda kakhulu ngegazi eliphezulu, i-gastritis, i-hepatitis. Kwi-dandelion, ezininzi izinto ezilandelelisayo, umzekelo, i-phosphorus, ubhedu, i-boron, i-cobalt. Eyona nto idume kakhulu yidill. Iqulethe ioli kunye namavithamini B kunye namaqela e-P.