- Indawo: Ipapal Palace
- Ukuvula: 1508
- Iindleko zokutyelela: abadala - ii-euro ezingama-16, abafundi, abantwana besikolo, abahlala phantsi-8 euros
- Iiyure zokusebenza: 8.45 - 16.45 (ngoMgqibelo ukuya ku-13: 45), ngeCawa - imini
Kwintsimi yaseItali yanamhlanje, ngaphakathi kwidolophu yaseRoma yiVatican - i-state encraves enclave. Imbali yeVatican iyamangalisa kwaye iyashukumisa, kwaye ubukhulu obuncinane be sixeko buhlala kwiindawo ezininzi zenkcubeko, zembali, ezemvelo ezibonakala ziphefumula. Makhe sithethe ngomnye wabo.
Ukudala kukaRafael Santi
"Stanza" ekuguquleleni ukusuka kwiItaliyane - igumbi. I-Raphael's stanis ngamagumbi amane ePapal Palace eVatican , apho, ngamaxesha athile, atyiswa nguRafael Santi, umcebisi wakhe uPerugino kunye nabalandeli.
Iindonga kunye neendwangu zifakwe ngefrescoes, ubuhle obumangaliswayo kunye nolonwabo kwiindwendwe zebhotwe. Umzobo ngamnye ubonakaliswe ngokusebenza ngokuvisisanayo, isicwangciso esilungileyo, inkcukacha, intsingiselo ejulile. Kukho umgca ngokuphathelele uPapa Julius II, ekuboneni imisebenzi kaRafael, wavuya kwaye wayala ukuba aphelise umsebenzi ogqityiweyo wezinye iingcali. Ukususela ngoku, umlobi osemncinci wayejongene nokudweba amagumbi epapa.
Stanza della Senyatura
Ukuthandwa kakhulu kunokwindawo yokuqala yokuqala, eyayiyilwe nguRafael Santi, kuthiwa yiStantsa della Senyatura. Ukusebenza kumzobo wegumbi kwadlula iminyaka emithathu (ukususela ngo-1508 ukuya ku-1511), naphezu kobuncinane, uSanti wakwazi ukudala umsebenzi oyingqayizivele wobugcisa. Zonke iifresco zesigaba sokuqala zihlangene ngokubambisana kwaye zithintela kwisihloko esibalulekileyo somsebenzi wabantu ekufezekeni ngokomoya nangokwazi.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba igama elithi Stantsi della Senyatura liguqulelwe ngokoqobo "uphawu, uphawu, uphawu." Leli gumbi lisebenza njengeofisi apho uPapa atyikitye amaxwebhu. Le nyaniso yaba yinto ecacileyo xa umbuzo wokuba kwakhiwa kwakhona amakamelo ayephantsi.
Umsebenzi omhle wale nqanaba, kwaye yonke imisebenzi kaRafayeli, ngokweengxelo-mlando kunye neengcali-mlando, yi-fresco "yesikolo sase-Athene". Iyakubamba ingxabano yamafilosofi yakudala aseGrike uAristotle noPlato, bexoxa ngehlabathi ngeengcamango zabantu kunye nehlabathi elingokomoya. Kwakhona kule mural kukhona ezinye izafilosofi eziqaqambileyo, kunye noRafael ngokwakhe. Amaqhawe asekuqaleni afana neenkwenkwezi zama-Middle Ages-oku kuthetha ukulwa okufuphi phakathi kwefilosofi ye-Antiquity kunye ne-medieval theology.
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Stantza d'Eliodoro
Kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo, uRafael wanikezela iingqungquthela zegumbi, ebizwa ngokuthi iStantz d'Eliodoro. Iifrescos zeli gumbi zidibene nomxholo wokhuselo lukaThixo, olugcinwa yiCawe.
I-fresco ephambili yekamelo ngumzobo obonisa umlawuli wamajoni wase-Syria u-Eliodorus, owaxoshwa ethempelini eYerusalem ngumbhinqa-umkhwele. Igama le-protagonist lisebenza njengegama leemigangatho. Kulo gumbi kukho iingqungquthela ezimbini eziye zazinikezelwa kwiimeko ezazingekho ngaphandle koluncedo lwamandla aphezulu. Umzobo othi "Umpostile uPetros Excommunication from the Dungeon" ibonisa ibali leBhayibhile, ngokubhekiselele kuyo ingelosi eyamnceda ukukhululwa kumpostile owayevalelwa entolongweni. I-fresco eseleyo "iMisa eBolsena" ichaza ngommangaliso owenzeka ngo-1263. Ngexesha leenkonzo, umfundisi ongakholwayo wabamba umphathi - ikhekhe, esetyenziswe ngexesha lesigqabi se-sakramente, ezandleni zakhe yaqala ukuphuma.
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Stanza Incendio di Borgo
Isigaba sesithathu sisigxina, apho inkosi uRafael eyasebenza khona. Kubizwa ngokuthi ngu-Encendio di Borgo, ngokuhlonipha i-fresco eponymous, ehlotshiswe enye yeendonga zegumbi. Isihloko se-Incendio di Borgo sidibene nomlilo owawugubungela isithili saseBorgo, esisondele kufuphi nePapal Palace yaseVatican. I-Tradition ithi uPapa Leo IV wakwazi ukumisa umlilo aze alondoloze amakholwa ngamandla omnqamlezo ongummangaliso.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isigaba sesithathu sichazela ngobomi kunye nezenzo zikaPapa uJulius II kunye noPapa Leo X. Umsebenzi kwi-Encendio di Borgo yaqala ukususela kwiminyaka ye-1514 ukuya ku-1517. Ngo-1520, uRafael wadlulela, kwaye ukugqitywa komsebenzi kwenziwa ngabanye abafundi bakhe abanolwazi.
Stanza Constantine
Eyokugqibela yamagumbi amane eendlwini zamapolisa nguStantsa Constantine. Yenziwe ngokwemizobo kaRafael, kodwa kungekhona kuye, kodwa ngabafundi bakhe. Iifrescoes egumbini zitsho ngomzabalazo woBukumkani baseRoma phakathi komlawuli kunye nabahedeni. Ukubunjwa kweSigxina kunemizekelo emininzi yeplani, owokuqala kuyo i-fresco "Umbono woMnqamlezo". Ngokomlando, uMbusi uConstantine, ekulungiseleleni imfazwe eqinile ngokumelene noMaxentius, wabona esibhakabhakeni isiphambano esibhakabhaka kunye nesibhalo esithi "uSim unqobe".
Uqhubeka nokwakheka komdwebo obonisa imfazwe ye-Mulva Bridge kunye nomvuzo wokubhaptizwa ngokwemiqathango yobuKristu, eyayigqiba inkosi ngokusayina "Isipho sikaConstantine." Inkolelo ithi ke ngoko umbusi wanika ipapa umqulu kwaye ngexesha elifanayo amandla angenamkhawulo kwicandelo lasentshonalanga yoBukumkani bamaRoma obukhulu.
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Ulwazi olu luncedo
Ekubeni iinqatyana zikaRafael ziyingxenye yeemyuziyam zaseVatican , ngoko, ukuba zijonge kuzo, kuyimfuneko ukutyelela i-complex museum. Umnyango uvunyelwe ukuba kukho ithikithi lokungena elilodwa, iindleko zokuba abantu abadala bakwi-euro ezingama-16, kubafundi besikolo, abafundi kunye nabaxhasi bemali bayaphantsi kabini. Ixabiso letikiti ezithengiweyo kwi-intanethi liza kubiza i-4 euro.
Imyuziyam yaseVatican ivulekile ukutyelela imihla ngemihla, ngaphandle kweeCawa. Ukususela ngoMsombuluko ukuya kuLwesihlanu, i-museum isebenza ukususela ngo-8: 45 ukuya ku-16: 45, ngoMgqibelo ukususela ngo-8: 45 ukuya ku-13: 45. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ukutyelela iimyuziyam ngokuvulekileyo okanye i-beachwear ivumelekile.
Ukufumana kulula ngokwaneleyo, kwaye iindlela ezininzi zifumaneka ngexesha elilodwa.
- Ukuba uhamba ngaphantsi komgwaqo, kufuneka ukhethe nawuphi na ulayini umgca we-A uze uhambe kwi-stop Cipro-Musei Vaticani okanye i-Ottaviano-S. Pietro. Emva koko hamba malunga nemizuzu eyi-10.
- Unokuthabatha iibhasi Nos 32, 81, 982, zilandelayo kwi-Risorgimento Square. Emva koko, njengoko kwimeko yokuqala, kuya kufuneka uhambe kancane. Ukongeza, unokuhamba nge-tram inombolo ye-19, engayithathi nje kuphela kumyuziyam, kodwa iqhubela phambili kwisixeko.