I-influenza ye-swine igama eliqhelekileyo liqela leengxaki, ngokuyinhloko h1n1, igciwane lesifo sengculazi. Isifo sinokuchaphazela izilwanyana kunye nabantu, kwaye zisasazeka ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye. Enyanisweni, igama elithi "umkhuhlane weengulube" lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngo-2009, xa imbangela yokuqhambuka kweengulube ezigulayo. Iimpawu zeengulube zengulube zingabonakali nentsholongwane yesiqhelo yabantu, kodwa zingabangela iingxaki ezinzima kakhulu, ukuya kwisiphumo esibulalayo.
Imithombo yokusuleleka ngumkhuhlane wengulube
Intsholongwane yesifo seengulube inezintlu ezininzi, kodwa iyingozi kakhulu, inokukwazi ukusasazwa ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu kwaye ivuselele ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezibangelwa yizilwelwe, yinkxalabo yeH1N1.
Umkhuhlane we-Swine isifo esithintekayo kakhulu esasasazwa ngamaconsi.
Imithombo yosulelo ingaba:
- izilwanyana ezigulayo;
- inyama yezilwanyana ezigulayo ezingazange zithole unyango olwaneleyo (unqabile);
- Abantu abagulayo - xa bexuba kunye nokukhwehlela, indawo yokubeka ingozi ifike kwi-1.5-2 mitha malunga nesigulane;
- izinto ezisetyenziswe ngabantu abagulayo - iikomityi, ithubhu, izinto, ezazisetyenziselwa ukwabiwa, kunye nesigulane esisetyenziswayo, njengokuba ngaphandle komzimba womntu intsholongwane igcina ukusebenza kwayo malunga neeyure ezingama-2.
Ngaphandle kwegama leengulube zeengulube, iimeko ezininzi ze-epidemiological zivela ekudlulisweni komntu kuye komntu, ekupheleni kwexesha lokunyusa kunye nokuqala kwesi sifo ngokwaso.
Kuza kube nini ixesha lokuxubha kweengulube?
Ubungakanani bexesha ukususela kwiintsholongwane ukuya kubonakaliso lweempawu zokuqala zesifo kuxhomekeke kwimo yomzimba womntu, ukukhulelwa kwakhe, ubudala kunye nezinye iimpawu. Nge-95% yezigulane, ixesha lokutshala i-influenza A (H1N1) lisuka kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwi-4, kodwa kwezinye iindawo zingaphelela iintsuku ezi-7. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu zokuqala, ezifana ne-ARVI, ziqala ukuvela ngosuku lwesithathu.
Ngaba i-virus ye-H1N1 yentsholongwane iphethwe ngexesha lokunyusa?
Umkhuhlane we-Swine isifo esithintekayo kakhulu, sisuka kalula kumntu ngomntu. Umphathiswa wegciwane le-H1N1 usuleleka ekupheleni kwexesha lokunyusa, malunga nomhla ngaphambi kokuqala kweempawu ezibonakalayo zesifo. Zizo zi gulane ezithintela ingozi enkulu ye-epidemiological, ngoko ke, xa unxulumana nesigulane esinokuba nesigulane, nokuba akukho zibonakaliso, zonke izicwangciso kufuneka zilandelwe.
Emva kokuphela kwexesha lokuxubusha, umntu onomyinge uhlala esulela iintsuku ezi-7-8. Phantse i-15% yezigulane, nangona xa ziphathwe, zihlala zingumthombo wentsholongwane kwaye zikhuphe intsholongwane kwiintsuku ezili-10-14.
Iimpawu kunye nophuhliso lweengulube zeengulube
Iimpawu zeengulube zengulube azifani nezezinye iimpawu zentsholongwane, nto leyo iyanzima kakhulu ukuxilongwa kwesi sifo. Izixhobo yinkqubo yesi sifo kwisimo esibi kakhulu kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweengxaki ezinzulu.
Ngesi sifo ngokukhawuleza sikhula utywala obukhulu, senyukela kuma-38 ° C kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bomzimba, kukho imisipha kunye neentloko, ubuthathaka obukhulu.
Impawu yesifo seengulube ngu:
- ngokukhawuleza (iintsuku ezingama-2-3 emva kokuphela kwexesha lokuxubusha) ukuvela kwezifo ezinamandla zokuphefumula;
- sinusitis ;
- pneumonia.
Phantse i-40% yezigulane zihlakulela i-dyspeptic syndrome - isisindo sokusasazeka, ukuhlanza, ukuphazamiseka kwesigxina.
Malunga neentsuku ezingama-1-2 emva kokuqala kwesi sifo, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ukutshatyalaliswa okwesibini kweempawu, ngokunyuka kokukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okufutshane, kunye nokuphazamiseka ngokubanzi kwintlalo.
Ukongeza kwi- pneumonia , i-influenza yengulube inokunika iingxaki entliziyweni (i-pericarditis, i-infectious-allergenic myocarditis) kunye nengqondo (encephalitis, meningitis).