Inyaniso yangempela yasempuma ithembisa uhambo oluya kwiSultanate yaseOman . Eli lizwe lise-Peninsula yase-Arabia, kwindawo enhle apho intlango idibanisa neLwandle lwaseNdiya. Ekukhanyeni kweenguqu kwiminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo, inkcubeko ye-Oman iphinde itshintshe, kodwa ihlala isifundo esinomdla ngokumangalisayo.
Inyaniso yangempela yasempuma ithembisa uhambo oluya kwiSultanate yaseOman . Eli lizwe lise-Peninsula yase-Arabia, kwindawo enhle apho intlango idibanisa neLwandle lwaseNdiya. Ekukhanyeni kweenguqu kwiminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo, inkcubeko ye-Oman iphinde itshintshe, kodwa ihlala isifundo esinomdla ngokumangalisayo.
Iimpawu zenkcubeko yeOman
Oman yilizwe lamaSilamsi, kwada kwada kwafika ngo-1970 kwavalwa kuvakhenkethi. Kodwa ukususela ekufumaneni "igolide elimnyama" ekujuleni kwayo, imeko yangoku yezinto ishintshile ngandlela-thile. Xa kukho imveliso yeoli, kukho imfuneko yeengcali kule ndawo, kunye nabasebenzi kunye nabakhonzi. Ngoko kwavela ukuba abantu basekuhlaleni, kunye nezithethe zawo kunye neziseko, baqala ukuhlanjululwa zizihlwele zababaleki basePakistan nase-Iran, kunye neengcaphephe ezifanelekileyo kakhulu eziphendula ngokunikezelwa komsebenzi e-Oman.
Ukupapashwa kwelo lizwe kwakhokelela ekubeni ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni (isiArabhu) luhlanjululwa kakhulu ngabanye, luguqula ulwimi lwalo olulodwa. Ingxenye ehloniphekileyo yabemi bendawo ixoxa kwi-balos - ulwimi lwase-Irani empuma kunye ne-Western Pakistanis. Ukongezelela, unako ukuva uMzantsi Afrika kunye nolwimi lwase-Arabhu lwase-Arabhu. Kodwa inyaniso eyona nto inomdla kukuba kukho iintetho zeelwimi zaseSemiti phakathi kwabantu basekuhlaleni, njengesiSwahili. Oku kungenxa yobuhlobo obusondeleyo phakathi kwe-Oman neZanzibar.
Namhlanje, inkcubeko ye-Oman ijongene nokulondolozwa kwindalo yendabuko, ngokukodwa umculo nomdaniso. Izixhobo zomculo zendabuko zivakala ngumbhalo we-African motifs - ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, kwi-Beduin style. Uninzi lwabantu asebekhulile alufundanga ngenxa yokungabikho kwezikolo zelizwe ukuya ngowe-1970, ngoko iidoloji zentlalo kunye nezithethe zazisasazwa ngomlomo.
Inkcubeko yeentsapho zeOman
Kwilizwe lamaSilamsi, iziko losapho kunye nomtshato zihlala ziphethe imiyalelo eninzi. Ngaloo nto, u-Oman akazange abe yinto ehlukile. Ngaphambi kokuba izithethe ezithandwayo zithonywe ngaphandle, isimo sengqondo sabantwana besifazane sasincinci kangcono kunenkomo. Oku akumangalisiyo, kunikwa ukuba imindeni yamaSilamsi ilawulwa ngamadoda.
Amantombazana ase-Omani anikwe umtshato eneminyaka eyi-10-12. Iimbono malunga nabafazi abatshatayo bangavunyelwa kuphela kubazali. Enyanisweni, baphinde bakhethe ukhetho olukhethiweyo okanye olukhethiweyo kumntwana wabo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imitshato yamathambo yenziwa xa abazala babo bebazala kunye noodadewabo. Ukongezelela, ngokumalunga namantombazana, kwanokwaluka, kwaze kwaba yilapho bengazange banandipha ulonwabo ngesondo.
Namhlanje, ngenhlanhla, izinto zitshintshile kakhulu. I-Sultan yase-Oman yatshitshisa imimiselo yendlela yokujonga ngayo abesifazana, ibanikela uluhlu lweenkululeko ngokuzibophelela ngokuzithandela. Ngokomzekelo, abafazi banqatshelwe ukuba bavale umntu kumaziko karhulumente. Kwiingubo zemihla ngemihla, akuzona kuphela izambatho ezimnyama ezivunyelwe, kodwa kunye neengubo ezimhlophe ezibalabalakileyo, kwaye ngeeholide abafazi banxiba iingubo eziqhelekileyo ezinemibala ephakathi kwethanga kunye neebhulukhwe ezininzi ezenziwe ngeendwangu ezibiza kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umendo okwangoku e-Oman ngokubhekiselele kwintsebenzo yesini esingenamandla ijolise ekunciphiseni ubandlululo kunye nokufumana ithuba lokufaka isandla ekuphuhlisweni kwelizwe likazwelonke.
Amadoda ase-Omani agqoke imikhono ehlambulukileyo ebomvu ebomvu okanye emhlophe, kwaye esinqeni sithatha umkhwa wendandatho yendabuko - iHanjar. Ukuba ungummeleli we-feudal elite, amahlombe akhe ahlala ehlotshiswe ngengubo yamnyama okanye ebomvu, ebizwa ngokuthi aba.
IiHholide zeNdabuko kunye neMikhosi kwiNkcubeko yaseOman
Njengawo nawuphi na olunye uhlanga, kwaye ikhalenda yeOmanis ineentsuku ezikhethekileyo apho indlela yokuphila engekho nto. Phakathi kwazo:
- NgoNovemba 18, uSuku lweSizwe;
- NgoNovemba 19, usuku lokuzalwa lukaSultan Qaboos bin Said;
- NgoJanuwari 1, uNyaka omtsha;
- NgoFebruwari uMkhosi weMascat uqhutywe, apho abakhenkethi banokuqhelana neenkcubeko kunye neenkcubeko ze-Omanis, bathatha inxaxheba kwizinto ezifanelekileyo;
- ixesha lebusika - ixesha le-bullfight;
- Ekupheleni kwehlobo, umthendeleko weNairoz wenziwa kummandla wonxweme.
Ukongezelela, u-Omani uhlonipha ngokugqithiseleyo iiholide zendabuko kunye nemicimbi.