I-Amphetamine ifakwa njengezinto ezisetyenziselwa ukufumana ukwaneliseka kwezidakamizwa, zaza zaziwa ngamashumi eminyaka edlulileyo. Ngeendleko ezincinci kunye nokuxininisa okuphezulu, izidakamizwa "ze-fen" zabangela ubhubhane lokwenene lwezidakamizwa ezinzima ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Iyintoni isilwanyana "fen"?
I-Amphetamine ithathwa njengomkhiqizo ovela kwizinto ezifana ne-phenylethylamine - i-neuromodulator enamandla kakhulu eyenza ukuxhomekeka kwengqondo kunamandla. Le nkunkuma ye-psychoactive iyancipha kwinzuzo kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini, kodwa kumazwe anamayeza aphuhliswayo ngamanye amaxesha atyathwa njengesi-anesthetic okanye i-anesthesia ngexesha lotyando. I-Amphetamine iyakhuthaza ukuba ukhawuleze uqhagamshelwano phakathi komzimba kunye nengqondo kunye neempawu ezilandelayo:
- isakhiwo esifana ne-adrenaline;
- indlela yokwenziwa kwemveliso;
- Umbane wenkqubo kwinkqubo yeentambo.
Uhlobo lwe-Amphetamine
Ngesihlandlo sokuqala le nkunkuma yenziwe yenziwe ngo-1887, kodwa ke umphumo wayo kwi-psyche yomntu yayingavumelani kwaye ayifanelekanga. Ngowe-1932, izazinzulu zaseJamani zafunda icebo, zichaza ukuba yi-amphetamine eyenziwe, kwaye yatshintshela ukukhululwa kakhudlwana kwama-neurotransmitter kwisicelo ngasinye. Isilwanyana songezwa kwiincwadi zenkcukacha zonyango njenge-psychostimulant. Namhlanje wonke umlutha weziyobisi uyazi ukuba yintoni isilwanyana "fen" esenziwe, kodwa akubona bonke abakwazi ukuzidala ngokwabo. Imveliso yayo yinkqubo edibeneyo yezinto ezintathu ezisisiseko:
- nitrogen;
- i-hydrogen;
- nekhabhoni.
Uphi umehluko phakathi kwe-amphetamine kunye ne-methamphetamine?
Zomibini izixhobo zamakhemikhali zinomgaqo ofanayo wesenzo kumzimba womntu kunye nendlela efanayo yokufumana izilwanyana ezilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa. I-Amphetamine kunye ne-methamphetamine inokuthi ibonakaliswe kuphela enye into ekhethiweyo yamachiza. I-methyl radical yongezwa kwinto yesibini. Ukuba i-amphetamine ithandwa kakhulu kumazwe aseYurophu, xa iphela ivinjelwe ngokupheleleyo, ngoko kwi-methamphetamine yase-United States ithengiswa kwisigxina seziyobisi. Oogqirha-iingqondo ze-psychologists zimmisela ngeengcinga ezigqithisileyo kunye neengcinezelo.
Ibonakala njani into efana ne "fen"?
Inomdla oyintloko wabathengisi beziyobisi kunye nabasemasimini "abamnyama" kulondolozo kwizinto ezibonakalayo. Ngenxa yoko bakulungele ukuya kwiqhinga: banciphisa ubuncinci bezinto ezinobungozi okanye baze bathengise ngaphantsi kokubonakala kwayo esinye isiyobisi ngokulindela ukuba akusizo zonke izidakamizwa zingathetha ngokuthi i-amphetamine ibonakala njani. Iyakwazi ukwahlukana nezinye iziyobisi ngenxa yeempawu ezifana nale:
- Ukukhutshwa kwefomu - ngendlela yeepilisi, iifomsile, i-crystals okanye ipowder efanelekileyo.
- Indlela yokupakisha - ulungiso lupakishwe kwi-foil, iplastiki okanye iibhola ezincinane zephepha.
- Iskimu sombala - isilwanyana "fen" sinokuba nomhlophe, obomvu obomvu, obomvu okanye obomvu.
- Iphunga - mhlawumbi ayikho nhlobo, okanye inamakhanda amnandi kumnandi.
Basebenzisa njani i-"fen"?
Ifom yefowuni, esetyenziswa kwiinjongo zonyango, idinga ukuthatha isisu esingenalutho nokusela ngamanzi amaninzi. Ngenxa yokulutha kweziyobisi, le ndlela yokulawula ayinakulungeleka: i-amphetamine yisilwanyana esithathwa ngokukhawuleza xa sisetyenziselwa ngokukhatyathwa ngokucoca. Ngako oko, abantu abanesifo sengxakatho bakhetha ezinye iindlela zokungenisa into egazini:
- lawulo olulodwa okanye oluphindwe kabini;
- inhalation ngeempumlo;
- Ukubhema kwipayipi okanye kwi-cigarette.
Isiza se-"fen" sisebenza njani?
I-Amphetamine ikwahlulo lwamachiza, kwi-slang of addicts ebizwa ngokuthi "i-spids" ukuze bakwazi ukuqinisa nokukhawulezisa impendulo kwinto eyenzekayo. "I-Fen" inqabileyo ukulala nokunyusa amandla okusebenza, ukunciphisa intlungu yomntu. Impembelelo ye-amphetamine iphantsi kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
- ukwandisa umnqweno wesini ;
- ukuhluthwa okunamandla kwabafundi;
- coryza;
- amehlo omeleyo;
- kuvuya;
- nentlalontle kunye nokukhululwa;
- ukucoca.
Iyintoni ingozi yesilwanyana "fen"?
Kwimvelo, akukho nkunkuma engekho nengozi kwimpilo. Nangona oogqirha baseMelika abanobugqirha abamiselayo xa imeko yokuxinezeleka ihlala ilumkisa isigulane malunga nomngcipheko othile. Inobungozi ye-amphetamine inokubonakala emva kwesigama seyure emva kwesicelo. Phakathi kweziphumo ezifanayo:
- ikhanda;
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- ntliziyo;
- ukuphefumula;
- ukukhanda kwesikhumba;
- ukulahlekelwa koqhagamshelwano.
Indlela yokufuduka kwi-amphetamine?
Nangona umlutha ngamava unako ukuphambuka kunye ne dose okanye usebenzise ngokusisigxina ukwanda kwezilwanyana, okuya kubangela iimpawu zokurhoxisa . I-Amphetamine ("fen", njengoko ibizwa ngokuba nayo) ngokugqithiseleyo ibangela i-hallucinations kunye ne-pre-infarction, ngoko ke kucetyiswa ukuba ufune unyango ukusuka kwingcali kwi-narcology okanye kwi-ambulensi esiphuthumayo. Ukuba akukho thuba lokusebenzisa iinkonzo zengcali, ungazama ukuphuma kwi-amphetamine ngeendlela eziphuculweyo:
- Ukuthatha umthamo omkhulu wevithamini C. Kwinqanaba elilodwa egazini leengxenye ezili-10 zemihla ngemihla yesilonda emva kwemizuzu engama-40-60, kuvela ukukhulula kwi-overcoose ye-narcotic.
- I-neutralization nge calcium . Isilwanyana esinjenge "fen" siphelile ukusebenza kunye nokuhambelana kwezakhi ze-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D3.
- Utywala . I-Whiskey, i-vodka kunye nezinye iintlobo ziselo ezinxilisayo ezinokunxila ziyakususa ukugqithisa, kodwa zinefuthe eliyingozi kwisibindi.
Ungasusa njani i-amphetamine emzimbeni?
Inqanaba eliphambili lokuphulukiswa ekuxhomekeke kwimeko enjalo kuxhomekeke kwi-amphetamine egazini ukwenzela ukuba ihle ukuhla kwixabiso elincinci, ize isuswe ngokupheleleyo kunye nomchamo. Isimo sokuqala nesinzima kakhulu sokunqanda i-detox kukugatya ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa loo nto ngokuchasene nempembelelo yomlutha kunye nomnqweno wokusebenzisa enye idoksi ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lokuzonwabisa. Xa umlutha okwazi ukuchitha iintsuku ezi-4-5 ngaphandle kwesibisi, qhubela kule ndlela yokususa iimali zesilwanyana:
- Ukucocwa kwephepha lokutya. Ukwazi ukuba i-amphetamine igcinwa kangakanani egazini (ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-7), oogqirha be-detox bayancoma ukuba baqale ngokuhlamba kwesisu nasemathumbu. Ukufumana i-carbon esebenzayo njenge-sorbent, ukubeka i-enema ye-sali kunye nokuhlamba nge-potassium permanganate kwiimeko zasekhaya okanye esibhedlele kwanele ukunciphisa iimpawu.
- Ukukhawuleza kwenkqubo ye-excretory. Ukuqiniseka ukuba i-amphetamine igcinwa kangakanani emthini, oogqirha bathi banokurhoxiswa amaxesha ama-2-3 ngokukhawuleza, kuba kuninzi ukusela kunye nokuthatha i-diuretics. Ezi zi-diuretics ezikhuthaza umsebenzi wezintso kunye nokupheliswa kwezinto ezinobuthi ngokwemvelo.
Amphetamine - iziphumo
Iziphumo ezidabukisayo zokusebenzisa iziyobisi kunye nokunyanga okunyanzelisiweyo ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kwayo nokuyihoxisa ekuthengiseni ngokomthetho. Ngelishwa, akuzona zonke iinkqubo ezibangelwa yinto eguqulwayo: ukuba ukugqithisa kwe-amphetamine, ukuba isisicelo sawo soloko siphathisa inkqubo yesantya yomntu, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ivuselela yonke indawo yengqondo. Nangona emva kokushiya isilwanyana, ukutshisa okukhulu izixhobo zangaphakathi zomzimba, zombini ngokwengqondo nangokwenyama, kuyaqhubeka. Ezinye iziphumo zokusetyenziswa kwe-amphetamine ziquka:
- Ukuvakalelwa kwamandla angaphezu kwamandla . Umlutha unobungozi, ngenxa yoko akwazi ukuhlala kwindawo enye ngaphezu kwemizuzwana eyi-10-15.
- Ukuqhoqha umlinganiselo wezinto eziyinyani . Ukuziva ungenaloyika kwaye ukuzithemba ngokweqile kunciphisa umntu onobuqili bokuzinyamekela kwaye kunokukhokelela engozini.
- Ukufa kweeseli zengqondo . Ukusetyenziswa gadalala kwexesha elide kuyingozi kumaseli e-grey: inkqubo yokuvuselela kwabo iyancipha, yingakho amanye amasebe alo mzimba angakwazi "ukucima" ngokukhawuleza. Kukho ukuxhamla kunye nokuthinteka, ukuphunga okungahambi kakuhle kunye nentsiba.
Iminyaka engama-22-engama-23