I-encephalitis ephathekayo ityhubhu isifo esiyingozi (isifo se-virus) somntu ogxininiswa yendalo, apho i-grey indaba yengqondo ichaphazelekayo, kunye neembumba zengqondo kunye nomgogodla. Esi sifo esibi kakhulu esinokubangela ukukhubazeka nokufa.
Izindlela zokusuleleka kwi-encephalitis ekhutshwe ngekiti
Imithombo yentsholongwane ye-encephalitis ekhutshwe ngekhaksi yizilwanyana zasendle kunye neentaka (amaninzi amancinci amancinci), kunye nabathwali-ixodid. Ukutya kwigazi lesilwanyana esinesifo segciwane egazini, i-mite iba ngumgcini wegciwane, ulondoloze ubomi kwaye luyidlulisele kwinzala yalo.
Umntu unokusulelwa ngu-encephalitis ekhatywe ngekiti ngeendlela ezimbini:
- Iyokuqala (eyona mkhulu) iyagqithiselwa: inqamana igxininisa ngaphezulu kwiingqungquthela zengqungquthela yekhakiti, ngoko xa ihlasela isikhumba somntu ngexesha legazi nge-saliva, umthi osulelekileyo uwudlulisela egazini.
- Iyesibini (inqabile) yondla: ukusuleleka kumatshini okugaya kunye nokunyangwa kwamathambo kunye nokusetyenziswa kobisi olungenakunyuswa lweebhokhwe okanye iinkomo ezitheleleke nge-encephalitis.
Kwakhona, ukungcola kuyenzeka xa i-sprays yamanqatha okanye i-cavitary liquid of infected bees ivela esikhumbeni kunye nokucutshungulwa okanye ukukhukhula okanye kwiimbrane zomlomo kunye neempumlo. Oku kuya kwenzeka xa uzama ukuchoboza ikiti.
Ukubaluleka okukhulu kwintsholongwane yegciwane lesandulela-ngculazi kunesithuba sokunyuka kwegazi, ngoko kubalulekile ukususa umlenze osana ngokukhawuleza.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kubantu abahlukileyo ukukhutshwa kwe-encephalitis ephathekayo kuhlukile. Ngokuhlala ixesha elide kwindalo engokwemvelo, umntu angakwazi ukufumana ukukhalisa amanqaku egazini ngokungena kwezilwanyana ezincinci. Emva koko, ama-antibodies akhiqizwa egazini, ukuqokelela okukhuthaza ukukhuselwa kwe-HIV. Ukuba abantu abanjalo banokusuleleka, isifo siya kuqhubeka ngesimo esifanelekileyo.
Iimpawu zentsholongwane ye-encephalitis ekhulelwe ngabantu abadala
Izibonakaliso ze-encephalitis eziphathwe ngekhakiti azibonakali emva kokukhawulwa kwekhaksi, nangona isifo singenzeka kwimimiselo yokuqala yokuxilonga igazi. Ubungakanani beminyaka yexesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwe-encephalitis ephawulwa ngamagciwane (ukusuka kwintsholongwane ukuya ekubonakalisweni kweempawu) kukuba: kwindlela yokudlulisela kuyo - iintsuku ezingama-7-14, kunye neentsuku zokutya-iintsuku ezingama-2-7.
Njengomthetho, isifo siqala ngokugqithiseleyo, sihamba kunye neempawu ezinjalo:
- ukwanda kwindleko yomzimba (kufika kuma-40 ° C);
- ikhanda elibukhali;
- isicupunu, ukuhlanza;
- i-malaise jikelele, ubuthathaka;
- ukungabi nesidlo;
- intlungu ;
- i-hyperemia yesikhumba ebusweni, entanyeni, esifubeni.
Isigaba esiqatha siphelela malunga neentsuku ezine, emva koko kuxolelwa, kuhlala malunga neentsuku ezili-8. Ukuqhubela phambili kwi-20 ukuya kwi-30% yezigulane kwisigaba esilandelayo sesi sifo senzeke, apho inkqubo ye-nervous central ichaphazelekayo. Kule nqanaba, ezi zimpawu zilandelayo:
- umkhuhlane;
- intloko ;
- uxinzelelo lwemisipha yentamo;
- ukungafihli;
- lisiwe;
- ukugada, i-paresis kunye nokukhubazeka kwezihlunu.
Ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu beempawu, iifom ezinhlanu zesifo sesifo ziyabonakala:
- i-febrile;
- meningeal;
- poliomyelitis;
- meningoencephalic;
- polyradiculoneurotic.
Isiphumo esivumelekileyo sisifom yefribrile (ukuphucula ngokukhawuleza), eyona nto
Unyango lwe-encephalitis ephawulwe ngamakethi
Xa iimpawu ze-encephalitis ezizaliswe ngekhakthi zifunyenwe, kufuneka unyango olunzulu, isigulane siyasibhedlele ngokukhawuleza kwisebe elichaphazelayo. I-Serum, i-antibiotics, i-immunoglobulin, i-anticholinesterase iziyobisi, ii-vithamini ze-B, i-biostimulators, njl njl. Zisetyenziselwa unyango.