I-Chufut-Kale edumileyo ihlala kufuphi neBakchisaray kwaye ithathwa njengenye yezinto ezikhangayo, kunye nebhotwe likaKhan , ngamaxesha amandulo yayibizwa ngokuba yiKyrk-okanye, eguqulelwe ngokuthi "iinqaba ezine-Forty". Namhlanje kuthiwa "isixeko samaYuda". Imbali yale ndawo ikhulile kunokuba ibonakale.
Chufut-Calais: umlando
Emuva kwangekhulu le-13, isizwe esinamandla kunabo bonke baseAlans bahlala kwinqaba. Abemi basebenza kwezolimo, bathengiswa ngamazwe angummelwane. Kodwa kungekudala isizwe sabanjwa yi-Golden Horde. Kwakuloo nto apho inqaba yayibizwa ngokuthi yiKyrk-Or. Indawo kunye namandla enqaba yayinganakwa kwaye wokuqala u-khan wahlala apho.
Emva kokuba iCrimean khans ibuyiselwe eBakhchisarai, iChufut-Kale yaba yidolophu yase-capital kunye nendawo yokuvalelwa kwabathunjiweyo. Kamva phakathi kwekhulu le-17 amaTatars asuka eKirik-okanye, amaKaraite kuphela ahlala. AmaTatar ayibheka amaYuda, kuba loo mzi wawubizwa ngokuba yiChufut-Kale (inqaba yamaYuda). Inqaba yaseChufut-Kale yaba yindlu yamaKaraite kwiminyaka emibini ezayo.
Kamva, emva kokungena kweCrimea ukuya eRashiya, amaKaraite athiwa ngabalandeli, okwabanika ilungelo lokufumana izikhundla zamagosa emkhosini. Ngoku akukho mntu uwathatha njengamaYuda. Kwakukho ngeli xesha idolophini laseChufut-Kale laqala ukungafihli. Izakhamuzi zafudukela eBaksharay, Evpatoria naseSimferopol. Ukugqibela kwabemi bayo bashiya indawo yabo yokuzalwa ngo-1852.
Chufut-Calais: njani ukuya khona?
Ukuba unquma ukutyelela ezi ndawo zinomdla kakhulu, unokufumana lula iinqununu zaseChufut-Kale ngoncedo lwemephu yaseCrimea. Esi sixeko sise-3.5 km ngasempumalanga yeBakschisaray. Itholakala kwinqanaba leentaba zentaba kwaye lingafumaneka kuphela ngeenyawo.
Idolophu yaseChufut-Kale ibangela isiteji eside sama-480 amanyathelo. Okokuqala unokubona iiseli zinqunyiwe ngqo kwiliwa. Ezi ziintlanganiso, ii-chapel kunye nokuqhutyana kwamatye.
Emva koko ufike kwi-grotto yokugqibela apho ikhonkco elidumile likhona. Emva koko, uye kwi-Monastery yase-Uspensky kufuphi neChufut-Kale. Ukusuka kwindlu yeendwendwe kwindlela ekhokelela kwintsimi yezityalo, uze ufike kwi-ravine. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala ngathi umkhombe wentaba uxhoma, kwaye umendo uqhubela kumasango esi sixeko. Fumana esangweni likaChufut-Kale lingakhonywa nje, njengoko umzila unqabile, kwaye indlela evulekileyo yinto ehlukumezayo. Namaqhosha kufuneka athathwe ngokulula, ukwenzela ukuba angahambi phantsi kwikhangeli, ehlanjwe ngamatye atshabalalayo.
Uhambo olutshane lomzi wamagumbi aseChufut-Kale
Ukungena kwesi sixeko kuphakathi kwamasango angasentla aseKuchuk-Kapu. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa "yimfihlelo", kuba uyabonwa nje kuphela. Ngandlela-thile, la masango ngumgibe. Inyaniso kukuba ungabhekisela kubo kuphela kwicala lakho lokunene. Njengoko uyazi, ikhuselo laligcinwe ngakwesobunxele, kuba ebudongeni intshaba yayingakhuselekanga ngokupheleleyo. Oku kwakusetyenziswe ngabemi beli sixeko: baxhamla intshaba ngeentolo ezivela eludongeni. Awunakukubetha isango ngenkunzi yegusha, ngenxa yokuba inzala iyinqaba. Kwaye ukuba kwakunokwenzeka ukugqithisa, ngoko emva kokuhlaselwa, intshaba ifunyenwe ngecala elincinci. Kwakwanele ukulahla amatye amakhulu okanye ukuthulula amanzi abilayo kwiintloko zeentshaba.
Enye yokukhangwa kwesixeko saseChufut-Kale yindawo efanelekileyo. Itholakala kumzantsi webala eliphambili kwaye itanki yinqamle ngqo eweni. Amanyathelo ahlelwe ngendlela enokuthi ukuhamba kwamanzi emvula kuhlala kusempilweni. I sump ezimbini zahlulwa kufuphi. Ezi ndawo apha zingenamanzi, ngoko ke amanzi aziswa kwisixeko ukusuka kwimithombo eseduze.
Kwakhona kwakukho imfihlelo eyimfihlelo kwisixeko. Ngexesha lokungqinga, kwakuvela kulo mthombo amanzi anikezelwa kubemi. Kamva, xa inqaba ilahlekelwa ngumthetho wayo wokulwa, ulwaziso malunga nomthombo lulahlekile. Ulwazi olufihliweyo luye lwasuka kwisizukulwana ukuya kwisizukulwana kuphela kubagcini kunye nabadala besixeko.
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