I-Bologna - idolophu yaseTaliyane enesiqhelo kunye neyakhawuleza, esekelwe eMilan , indawo yokuzalwa yase- Bolognese sauce , apho unokubona izinto ezininzi ezithakazelisayo. Apha, izakhiwo zanamhlanje zihamba kunye nezakhiwo ezindala, ezimangalisa ngokumangalisayo ukudibanisa ngokubanzi kweso sixeko. Ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba ubone eBolon?
I-Basilica yaseSt. Petronius
Lecawa enkulu yakhiwe ngo-1479 kwintsimi yeebhozo ezisibhozo. Yiyonto yesithandathu enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kunokuba abemi baseBoli baqhayisa kakhulu. I-basilica yenziwe ngesimo somnqamlezo wamaKatolika, inama-nave amathathu kunye neengqungquthela. Ukuhlobisa kwecawa, kokubili yangaphandle nangaphakathi, kwenziwa kwindlela yamaGothi.
Into ebangel 'umdla ye-basilica yile meridian ekhankanywe kumgangatho wayo, ebonisa ubungqina bokujikeleza komhlaba malunga neLanga. Kwakhona kwi-kedareli kukho iinxalenye ezimbini-ezona zidlulileyo kwiItali.
University of Bologna
Eli liziko lemfundo elisebenzayo, lelinye leyunivesithi endala eYurophu. Ngesinye isikhathi, uFrancesco Petrarca no-Albrecht Durer, uDante Alighieri kunye neParacelsus, uPapa uNicholas kunye nabanye abantu abadumileyo kunye nabaculi banikwa ulwazi lwabo apha. IYunivesithi yasungulwa ngo-1088 kwaye kungekudala yaba yindawo ye-sayensi yaseYurophu, eyaziwa njengeStudium. IYunivesithi yaseBolon yahlanganiswa phantsi kweengqameko zayo i-intellectual elites ngaleso sikhathi. Namhlanje, abafundi abangaphezu kwe-90,000 babhalisiwe apha abaza e-Bologna bevela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zase-Itali nakwamanye amazwe.
Umthombo weNiftune
E-Piazza Nepttuno kukho isakhiwo esingavamile. Ukuze bajonge umthombo waseNeptune, abaninzi abavakatyeleli bafika eBerbia. Lo mthombo wakhiwa ngumdwebi uJambologni, owathunyelwa nguKhadidi Borromeo.
Into ebonakalayo ebalaseleyo yeso sikhokelo saseBoladesi iqela elingaqhelekanga elisezantsi. Ukukhupha kwi-bronze yolwandle ukumkani wase Neptune ubambe ngesandla sakhe sodala, kwaye ujikeleze i-bronze nymphs, ngoko kuchazwa ngokucacileyo ukuba oku kubangele ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabemi baseBolon. Abanye banikezela ukuba "bagqoke" abalinganiswa bendlobongela ngebhulukhwe zethusi, abanye balwela ngenkuthalo ukutshabalaliswa kwesakhiwo, kodwa umthombo waseNeptune umelele endaweni yawo kuze kube namhlanje.
Kukho imiqondiso emininzi enxulumene nomthombo weNiftune. Ngokomzekelo, amaxesha amaninzi ukuhamba ngeenxa zonke ngeso simboli "inhlanhla", esetyenziswe ngabafundi beYunivesithi yaseBola, abahlali kunye neendwendwe zesixeko iminyaka emininzi.
Pinakothek
Imyuziyam enkulu kunazo zonke yaseBolau yiNational Pinakothek - enye yeefriji zezobugcisa ezihle kakhulu e-Italy. Iqulethe imizekelo emininzi: imisebenzi kaRafael noGiotto, uGuido Reni no-Annibale Carraz, kunye namanye amakhosikazi aseTaliyane adumile adala kwii-XIII-XIX zeenkulungwane.
I-Pinacoteca iquka iindibano ezingamashumi amathathu zokubonisa. Kukho imiboniso eqhelekileyo yobugcisa bexesha langoku, izifundo zoqeqesho.
Towers kunye neentaba zeBoli
Nabani othe tyelela i-Bologna uyakhumbula iindonga zayo ezidumileyo. Zakhiwe kwi-Middle Ages, kwaye kungekhona nje kuphela njengezakhiwo ezikhuselayo. Kwii-XII-XIII zeenkulungwane phakathi kweentsapho ezibutyebi, kwakucatshangelwa ukuba uyathandwa ukulungiselela ukulungiswa kwinqaba. Ngoko iinqaba ze-Azinelli (ezona ziphezulu kwisixeko), iAzzovigi, iGarizenda kunye nezinye iinqaba-iimpawu zeBolon zakhiwe. Ukufika kwixesha lethu, iinqwelo ezili-17 kuphela ezingama-180 zigcinwe eBroatia. Ziqulethe iibhentshi zengcali zengingqi zithengisa izikhumbuzo kunye nemisebenzi yezandla ezahlukeneyo.
Iimbasa zide zinezakhiwo ezidibanisa izakhiwo zedolophu kunye. Ziyinto enye yeenqwelomoya ezihle kakhulu kunye neendonga. Ngasekupheleni kweMinyaka eyiMinyaka, xa isixeko sinobuchule bayo, sibe yindawo eyaziwayo yolwazi kunye nezorhwebo yaseItaly, ukulawulwa kwe-Bologna kugqiba ukuzakhela iindibano ezikufutshane nesakhiwo esikhulu esikhulu. Emva koko babengumthi, kwaye emva koko bathatha indawo ngamatye, ngaphandle kwepartico enye yezitrato kwisitalato seMaggiore. Ngenxa yoko, i-arcade idibanise phantse isixeko sonke: sinokuhamba ngokukhululekile, ukufihla umoya okanye imvula.
