Emva kokuzalwa kwintsana, abantwana besibhedlele, bahlolisise umntwana baze bathathe iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko. Ngokusekelwe kwidatha efunyenwe kwiiphando, uphando lugqwesa izitofu. I-inoculations kwiintsana ezisisibhedlele yindlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela umkhuhlane kwizifo. Kubazali bomntwana, umbuzo ubaluleke kakhulu, oko kugonywa ntoni kwisibhedlele sokubeleka?
Ukugonywa okusemthethweni kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa esibhedlele
Izigulane ezisisigxina esibhedlele zenziwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo. Ishedyuli yokugonya ivunyiwe yiSebe lezeMpilo. Kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kokuzalwa, umntwana usugonywe nge-BCG - kwisifo sesifo sofuba, xa ekhutshwa kwisiko lonyango, ukukhuselwa kwe-hepatitis B kulawulwa.
Ukugonywa esibhedlele esivela kwi-hepatitis
Ukuze ukhusele umntwana osanda kuzalwa kwi-hepatitis B, isitofu sokugonywa sijojowe emthonjeni wengane. Njengoko sele kuphawuliwe, esi sifo sivame ukunikezelwa, kodwa kwezinye iimeko, ixesha lokulawulwa kwe-vaccine liyahluka: abantwana abane-hepatitis abadluliselwa kumama, kwenziwa emva kweeyure ezingama-12 emva kokuzalwa; iintsana ezisengaphambili - xa ubunzima bomzimba bufikelela ku-2 kg.
Kwezinye iimeko, kukho ukuchasene nokugonya:
- ukutshatyalaliswa kwenkqubo ye-nervous central;
- izifo zentliziyo kunye nezilonda zecala;
- izifo ze-hemolytic.
Ukugonywa kwe-BCG esibhedlele
Ukungabikho kokuzikhusela kwisifo sofuba kusongela isifo esinobungozi, ngoko ke oogqirha bancomela ukuba isitofu senziwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwintsana. Ngokwemigaqo, i-BCG injoywe ngaphantsi kwegxala lasekhohlo.
Ukungqinelana kokugonywa kuku:
- umonakalo we-CNS womntu wonke;
- usulelo lwe-intrauterine;
- ukulimala kwengqondo;
- ukukhulelwa komzimba;
- ezinye izifo zegazi.
Iingxaki ngenxa yokugonywa ayinqabile, zimbini izizathu: umgangatho omgangatho wenkqubo, okanye ukukhuseleka komntwana akuxhomeki kumlinganiselo webhakteria yokugonya.
Ukunciphisa izitofu esibhedlele
Abanye abazali bayathandabuza ukuba kulungile ukugonywa esibhedlele. Umthetho wesigqeba unika ilungelo labazali ukungafuni ukugonya umntwana. Xa kunqatshelwe, isicelo sibhaliwe egameni lentloko yeziko lezonyango kwiikopi ezimbini, kufuneka libe neengqiqo, yintoni isizathu sokwenqaba. Kwakhona kunyanzelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba abazali bathatha uxanduva malunga nemiphumo. Ngaphantsi kwesicelo isayinithi ngokuchithwa komhla, umhla wokubhala, ubeka. Emva kokuba isicelo sibhalisiwe, ikopi enye kufuneka ishiywe kwiziko lonyango, kwaye okwesibini kufuneka kube sezandleni zabazali.